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The age of European high imperialism was characterized by the movement of plants and animals on a historically unprecedented scale. The human migrants who colonized territories around the world brought a variety of other species with them, from the crops and livestock they hoped to propagate, to the parasites, invasive plants, and pests they carried unawares, producing a host of unintended consequences that reshaped landscapes around the world. While the majority of histories about the dynamics of these transfers have concentrated on the British Empire, these nine case studies--focused on the Ottoman, French, Dutch, German, and British empires--seek to advance a historical analysis that is comparative, transnational, and interdisciplinary to understand the causes, consequences, and networks of biological exchange and ecological change resulting from imperialism. Contributors: Brett M. Bennett, Semih Celik, Nicole Chalmer, Jodi Frawley, Ulrike Kirchberger, Carey McCormack, Idir Ouahes, Florian Wagner, Samuel Eleazar Wendt, Alexander van Wickeren, Stephanie Zehnle

Tree species have been planted widely beyond their native ranges to provide or enhance ecosystem services such as timber and fibre production, erosion control, and aesthetic or amenity benefits. At the same time, non-native tree species can have strongly negative impacts on ecosystem services when they naturalize and subsequently become invasive and disrupt or transform communities and ecosystems. The dichotomy between positive and negative effects on ecosystem services has led to significant conflicts over the removal of non-native invasive tree species worldwide. These conflicts are often viewed in only a local context but we suggest that a global synthesis sheds important light on the dimensions of the phenomenon. We collated examples of conflict surrounding the control or management of tree invasions where conflict has caused delay, increased cost, or cessation of projects aimed at invasive tree removal. We found that conflicts span a diverse range of taxa, systems and countries, and that most conflicts emerge around three areas: urban and near-urban trees; trees that provide direct economic benefits; and invasive trees that are used by native species for habitat or food. We suggest that such conflict should be seen as a normal occurrence in invasive tree removal. Assessing both positive and negative effects of invasive species on multiple ecosystem services may provide a useful framework for the resolution of conflicts.

\"Saving the World tells the forgotten history of climatic botany, the idea that forests are essential for creating and recycling rain. Long before the spectre of global warming, societies recognized that deforestation caused drastic climate shifts - as early as 1770, concerns over deforestation spurred legislation to combat human-induced climate change. Throughout the twentieth century, climatic botany experienced fluctuating fortunes, influenced by technological advancements and evolving meteorological theories. Remarkably, contemporary scientists are rediscovering the crucial role of forests in rainfall recycling, unaware of the long history of climatic botany.\"-- Provided by publisher.

This article examines how invasions within a discrete geographic, cultural, and ecological context disproportionately shaped awareness of invasions in other places. Such “model invasions” have been valuable for catalyzing national and international interest in biological invasion since the 1980s. Specifically, this article traces how scientific and public perspectives of invasive introduced trees evolved in South Africa during the twentieth century. It argues that concerns about the impact of invasive introduced trees first developed in the Mediterranean-climate region of the southwestern Cape Province during the 1940s and 1950s before emerging elsewhere in South Africa during the 1970s and early 1980s. Though there has been a nation-wide convergence in scientific and public views of invasive trees since the 1980s, there are still stark geographic and cultural knowledge divergences that hinder the effectiveness of contemporary invasive tree management efforts. This study suggests that geographical knowledge imbalances between regions should not be overlooked when historicizing or planning environmental management schemes at national scales.

Discover the freedom of the open road with New Zealand's Best Trips. We've selected 26 amazing road trips through Auckland, Rotorua, Wellington, Marlborough, Nelson, Canterbury and Queenstown, from two-day escapes to eight-day adventures, and packed them full of expert advice and inspirational suggestions. Whether you want to amble amid golden highlands and surreal blue lakes or experience a seductive blend of wineries and alfresco dining, we've got the trip for you.

This article explains how South African foresters have selected, experimented with and successfully grown Australian genera and species of trees in plantations during the past 130 years. First in the Cape Colony in the 1880s and 1890s, and later elsewhere in South Africa in the twentieth century, foresters developed theoretical techniques to find climates similar to those in southern Africa in order to select exotic species of trees from those regions. They then tested these species in experimental arboreta and plantations across South Africa to select the most successful and valuable species to grow commercially in each area. This globally unique and ultimately successful research programme arose in response to local environmental constraints, an increasing demand for timber, and the difficulties that foresters and white settlers faced when trying to select and grow Australian trees. This article revises historical understandings of the development of silviculture in South Africa and intervenes in current scientific and popular debates over Australian trees in South Africa.

Lonely Planet New Zealand's South Island is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Skiing the scenic slopes around Queenstown, encounter wild kiwis on unspoilt Stewart Island, or indulge in deliciously fresh seafood in Kaikoura; all with your trusted travel companion. Includes pull-out driving map.

Societal Impact Statement As climate change continues to drive global warming, understanding these impacts on plant nursery production is crucial for sustainable landscape management. Our study analysed 170 years of Australian nursery production, identifying trends in species composition and climate tolerance. We found a significant shift towards climate‐tolerant species since the 1940s, with substantial changes in species turnover. Our findings have broad implications for developing climate‐resilient green spaces, enhancing biodiversity and informing policy on forestry and green infrastructure. By guiding the selection of resilient plant species, this research supports more effective climate change adaptation strategies in horticulture, contributing to sustainable community development. Summary Plant nurseries influence the development, design and maintenance of landscape plantings. Climate change, however, may represent a constraint in nursery production by limiting and shaping the species produced. We assessed changes in species composition (i.e., trees, shrubs, annuals, perennials and grasses) of nursery production in Australia over the last 170 years. We hypothesised that changes in climate were reflected in the nursery production composition, with an increase in production of more climate‐tolerant species in recent decades as a coupled response to climate change. We compiled a dataset of 4807 native plant species produced in Australian nurseries since 1851 using nursery catalogues. We identified plant species considered as ‘popular’ (produced consistently through time), ‘forgotten’ (produced historically—i.e., 1851–1960) and ‘new’ (produced recently—i.e., 2022). We calculated realised climatic niches for a subset of 3079 species using four climate variables and used the 5th and 95th percentiles of these variables to determine species climatic niche breadths and climatic tolerances. We found evidence of a coupled response where nursery production composition exhibited an increase in numbers of climate‐tolerant species since 1940s to the present. We found large shifts in species composition and turnover across decades. Seven species had continual production since 1851 to the present (popular), 1038 species were historically produced until 1950s (forgotten), and 1264 species were produced in 2022 (new). Our findings can help direct future sustainable and resilient nursery production with dynamic changes in species composition to enable nurseries to keep pace with rapid climate change. A medida que el cambio climático continúa causando calentamiento global, comprender estos impactos en la producción de plantas es crucial para la gestión sostenible del paisaje. Nuestro estudio analizó 170 años de producción de plantas de viveros australianos, identificando tendencias en la composición de especies y su tolerancia al clima. Encontramos un cambio significativo hacia especies tolerantes al clima desde la década de 1940, con cambios sustanciales en la rotación de especies. Nuestros hallazgos tienen implicaciones para el desarrollo de espacios verdes resilientes al clima, el incremento de la biodiversidad y la formulación de políticas sobre silvicultura e infraestructura verde. Al guiar la selección de especies de plantas resilientes, esta investigación apoya estrategias de adaptación al cambio climático más efectivas en la horticultura, contribuyendo al desarrollo comunitario sostenible. As climate change continues to drive global warming, understanding these impacts on plant nursery production is crucial for sustainable landscape management. Our study analysed 170 years of Australian nursery production, identifying trends in species composition and climate tolerance. We found a significant shift towards climate‐tolerant species since the 1940s, with substantial changes in species turnover. Our findings have broad implications for developing climate‐resilient green spaces, enhancing biodiversity and informing policy on forestry and green infrastructure. By guiding the selection of resilient plant species, this research supports more effective climate change adaptation strategies in horticulture, contributing to sustainable community development.