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Feeling connected but dissimilar to one’s future self reduces the intention-behavior gap
The intention-behavior gap is a common phenomenon where people fail to follow through on their intentions to change their behavior and pursue their future goals. Previous research has shown that people are more likely to act in favor of their future selves when they feel similar/connected to their future self and can vividly describe them. This study compared an imagination exercise with an integrated imagination and exposure exercise using virtual reality (VR) to embody age-morphed future selves to an imagination only exercise. We expected that strengthening the similarity/connectedness and the vividness of the future self would reduce the intention-behavior gap, and exposure to the future self would have the greatest effect. Surprisingly, the results showed that strengthening connectedness reduced the intention-behavior gap, but strengthening similarity increased the gap. Additionally, the exercises were equally effective in reducing the intention-behavior gap. These findings suggest that both feeling connected to and recognizing dissimilarity to one’s future self play different roles in future-oriented behavior change.
Journal Article
A Scoping Review of Interventions for the Treatment of Eco-Anxiety
As climate change worsens and public awareness of its grave impact increases, individuals are increasingly experiencing distressing mental health symptoms which are often grouped under the umbrella term of eco-anxiety. Clear guidance is needed to enable mental health professionals to make informed choices of appropriate interventions and approaches in their eco-anxiety treatment plans. A scoping review was conducted to examine the current understanding of eco-anxiety and related intervention options and recommendations. The review included 34 records, 13 of which reflected specific psychological approaches. A thematic analysis of the content of the selected records yielded five major themes across interventions for individual and group treatment of eco-anxiety: practitioners’ inner work and education, fostering clients’ inner resilience, encouraging clients to take action, helping clients find social connection and emotional support by joining groups, and connecting clients with nature. Recommendations for treatment plans are to focus on holistic, multi-pronged, and grief-informed approaches that include eco-anxiety focused group work.
Journal Article
Unexpectedly large impact of forest management and grazing on global vegetation biomass
Analyses of potential and actual biomass stocks indicate that trade-offs exist between conserving carbon stocks on managed land and raising the contribution of biomass to raw material and energy supply for the mitigation of climate change.
Land management impact on biomass
Land use by humans leads to loss of carbon from the Earth's biomass. Karl-Heinz Erb and colleagues estimate the amount of carbon that has been lost from terrestrial vegetation as a result of land conversion and management by compiling global maps of current terrestrial carbon stocks and potential carbon stocks that would exist without human disturbance. They find that land use has halved terrestrial carbon stocks. The effects of land management (forest management and grazing) seem to be similar to those of land conversion: land conversion accounts for 53–58% of the carbon stock losses and land management accounts for 42–47%. The findings imply that avoiding deforestation is necessary but not sufficient for climate-change mitigation.
Carbon stocks in vegetation have a key role in the climate system
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. However, the magnitude, patterns and uncertainties of carbon stocks and the effect of land use on the stocks remain poorly quantified. Here we show, using state-of-the-art datasets, that vegetation currently stores around 450 petagrams of carbon. In the hypothetical absence of land use, potential vegetation would store around 916 petagrams of carbon, under current climate conditions. This difference highlights the massive effect of land use on biomass stocks. Deforestation and other land-cover changes are responsible for 53–58% of the difference between current and potential biomass stocks. Land management effects (the biomass stock changes induced by land use within the same land cover) contribute 42–47%, but have been underestimated in the literature. Therefore, avoiding deforestation is necessary but not sufficient for mitigation of climate change. Our results imply that trade-offs exist between conserving carbon stocks on managed land and raising the contribution of biomass to raw material and energy supply for the mitigation of climate change. Efforts to raise biomass stocks are currently verifiable only in temperate forests, where their potential is limited. By contrast, large uncertainties hinder verification in the tropical forest, where the largest potential is located, pointing to challenges for the upcoming stocktaking exercises under the Paris agreement.
Journal Article
Tigers in red weather : a novel
In the wake of World War II, Nick and her cousin Helena's world seems rife with possibility, marriage, and reunited love. When gilt soon begins to crack, the women and their children, Daisy and Ed, must try to recapture that earlier sense of possibility. But the dark thread of the family's history slowly starts to unravel, surfacing secrets and lies.
Book
Primary survey: highlights from this issue
While we are bound and measured by protocols there is now starting to be a recognition that care needs to be focused on the individual patient reflecting their age, gender and co-morbidities within the context of the healthcare system in which they present. The majority of cases were as a result of penetrating trauma leading to an in-hospital mortality of 26.9%. [...]it is extremely timely to highlight the commentary by Dr Zaid Al-Najjar promoting the work of NHS Practitioner Health: a free, confidential mental health and addiction service with expertise in treating health & care professionals.
Journal Article
Correction: Feeling connected but dissimilar to one’s future self reduces the intention-behavior gap
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305815.].
Journal Article