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In the manufacturing process of aerospace large ring parts, a large number of exterior materials are removed, which makes the ring parts become a thin-walled structure with low stiffness. In the actual production process of the aerospace industry, the processing deformation caused by a series of internal and external factors is ubiquitous. The studies show that the main factor causing the machining deformation is the initial residual stress (RS) inside the blank ring. The ring rolling process is accompanied by local severe plastic deformation, resulting in large and uneven RS. The homogenization and reduction of initial RS are of great significance to reduce the adverse effect of machining deformation. The research object in this study is a sizeable GH4169 alloy aerospace rolling ring. First, a long-term natural ageing treatment was designed for homogenizing residual stresses in sizeable GH4169 alloy ring. Second, a finite element model was established to simulate the rolling process and the thermal ageing process. The corresponding rolling and thermal ageing experiments were carried out to verify the simulation results. The purpose of this process is to explore and verify the effect of natural ageing and artificial ageing on homogenizing and reducing the RS in the rolling ring. The results show that the homogenization of RS distribution was enhanced significantly by natural ageing treatment, while the RS magnitudes descended by 15~35%. Combined with the subsequent thermal stress relief, the RS is significantly reduced or even eliminated. This study is of great significance to the homogenization and reduction of RS in large GH4169 alloy ring.

Few studies have used nationally representative data to focus specifically on gender differences in weight-related outcomes. This article examines gender differences in weight-related outcomes across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum in overweight and obese adults. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010 was analyzed. Weight-related outcomes were accurate weight perception, weight dissatisfaction, attempted weight loss, successful weight loss, and weight loss strategies. Compared with women, overweight and obese men were less likely to have accurate weight perception (odds ratio [OR] = 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30–0.44), weight dissatisfaction (OR = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.32–0.47), and attempted weight loss (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.48–0.63). The modifying effect of gender on these associations decreased as BMI increased. By BMI 35, the mean probability of women and men to have accurate weight perception and weight dissatisfaction was 90%; attempted weight loss was 60% (women) and 50% (men). At lower BMIs, men had up to 40% less probability than women for these weight loss outcomes. Men who attempted weight loss were more likely than women to lose and maintain ≥10 lb over 1 year (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.20–1.65) and increase exercise and eat less fat as weight loss strategies; women were more likely to join weight loss programs, take prescription diet pills, and follow special diets. A need exists for male-specific interventions to improve overweight and obese men’s likelihood for accurate weight perception, attempted weight loss, and ultimately, successful weight loss.

Biliary stent placement is widely used in clinical, especially in patients with pancreatic cancer complicated with obstructive jaundice. Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a severe complication following biliary stent placement which predominantly occurs in the right lobe of the liver, with an incidence rate ranging from 4.3% to 13.5% and a mortality rate up to 30%. It is related to the following mechanisms: retrograde bacterial infection; bile stasis and increased bile duct pH; stent-related bile duct injury; biofilm formation; immune system suppression. The main causative pathogens are gram-negative bacilli, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae . The combination of antibiotic therapy and percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage is the main treatment option.

In the actual production process of the aerospace industry, machining deformation is common due to internal and external factors. Studies indicate that the release and redistribution of initial residual stresses within the component is the main factor distorting machining and service. Therefore, the reduction and homogenization of initial residual stresses are necessary to avoid machining distortion problems and to improve the overall quality of ring parts. The process of ring rolling and cooling tends to produce large and unevenly distributed residual stresses. The main research object of this paper is the TC4 titanium alloy profiled aerospace rolling ring. Firstly, a mechanical model of the radial rolling process was developed. Residual stress evaluation indexes matching the shape characteristics of profiled rings were designed. According to the continuous and penetration conditions, reasonable rolling process parameters and their range are determined. Secondly, a finite element model was established to simulate the rolling and cooling process. The simulation results were verified by corresponding rolling experiments based on the hole-drilling method. The experimental results were in high consistency with the simulation results. Finally, the response surface methodology and the finite element method were combined to jointly optimize the main process parameters of the rolling process. A second-order response prediction model was established for the ring parts with the numerical value and homogenization of the residual stresses as the integrated optimization objective. Based on the simulation results and the response model, the influence of each design variable on the residual stress of the ring is systematically analyzed and the optimal combination of process parameters is obtained and verified.

To assess the efficacy of a deep learning platform for managing symptoms in chemotherapy patients, aiming to enhance their quality of life. A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted from September 2022 to March 2024, involving 144 chemotherapy patients divided into intervention (n = 72) and control (n = 72) groups. The intervention group received the deep learning platform, whereas the control group received standard care. Anxiety, depression, and quality of life were evaluated using the SAS, SDS, and QOL scores at baseline and after 6 months. Initial non-significant differences in SAS, SDS, and QOL scores between groups were observed. After intervention, significant improvements were noted in the intervention group for SAS, SDS, and various QOL aspects ( P  < 0.05). The platform received a high satisfaction score of 4.93 ± 0.13. The deep learning platform significantly reduced anxiety and depression and improved QOL in chemotherapy patients, demonstrating high patient satisfaction and potential for clinical application. Clinical trial registration : The trial was registered in clinical trials.gov with the registration number ChiCTR2400093540. The first registration date was 06/12/2024.

HPV16 and 18 are positively correlated with cervical carcinogenesis. However, HPV prevalence tends to vary according to region, nationality, and environment. The most prevalent high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes are HPV16, 52, 58, 56, 18, 33, and 45), while the low-risk (LR) genotypes are HPV6 and 11 in the Chinese population. Importantly, undetectable low-copy HPV DNA could be an important indicator of integration into the human genome and may be a precursor to cancer progression. The HPV viral load changes dramatically, either increasing or decreasing rapidly during carcinogenesis, and traditional quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) cannot accurately capture this subtle change. Therefore, in this study, a reliable droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect and quantify HPV genotypes. The ddPCR quantitative results showed high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity compared to qPCR results employing the same clinical specimens and supplemented the ddPCR assay for HPV52/56/58/6 genotypes according to the infection specificity of the Chinese population. In summary, this procedure is valuable for quantifying HPV DNA, especially under conditions of low template copy number in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and/or cervical cancer. Additionally, this method can dynamically observe the prognosis and outcome of HPV infection and thus be used as an effective means for real-time monitoring of tumor load.

Tigecycline is one of the last-resort antibiotics to treat complicated infections caused by both multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria 1 . Tigecycline resistance has sporadically occurred in recent years, primarily due to chromosome-encoding mechanisms, such as overexpression of efflux pumps and ribosome protection 2 , 3 . Here, we report the emergence of the plasmid-mediated mobile tigecycline resistance mechanism Tet(X4) in Escherichia coli isolates from China, which is capable of degrading all tetracyclines, including tigecycline and the US FDA newly approved eravacycline. The tet (X4)-harbouring IncQ1 plasmid is highly transferable, and can be successfully mobilized and stabilized in recipient clinical and laboratory strains of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. It is noteworthy that tet (X4)-positive E.   coli strains, including isolates co-harbouring mcr-1 , have been widely detected in pigs, chickens, soil and dust samples in China. In vivo murine models demonstrated that the presence of Tet(X4) led to tigecycline treatment failure. Consequently, the emergence of plasmid-mediated Tet(X4) challenges the clinical efficacy of the entire family of tetracycline antibiotics. Importantly, our study raises concern that the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance may further spread into various ecological niches and into clinical high-risk pathogens. Collective efforts are in urgent need to preserve the potency of these essential antibiotics. Plasmid-encoded tet (X) genes from Escherichia coli in China confer high-level tigecycline resistance.

Abstract BACKGROUND The rupture risk assessment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is still challenging. Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) on vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) is suggested as a potential marker for wall inflammation, but its relationship with rupture risk of unruptured IAs has not been well described. OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between AWE and conventional rupture risk factor of unruptured IAs. METHODS Clinical data and VW-MRI images were retrospectively reviewed in patients with unruptured IAs from January 2015 to December 2016 in our center. One hundred ten patients harboring 140 unruptured IAs were included. The presence of AWE was determined by comparing the postcontrast VW-MRI images with the precontrast ones. The rupture risk based on the PHASES score was calculated for each case. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the association of AWE with rupture risk and other conventional risk factors. RESULTS AWE was present in 82 (58.6%) lesions. Unruptured IAs with AWE had significantly larger size (P < .001), more irregular shape (P = .003), and different distribution of locations (P = .023) comparing with aneurysms without AWE. The rupture risk score of AWE group was significantly higher than non-AWE group (P < .001). Aneurysm size (odds ratio = 1.536; 95% confidential interval 1.312-1.798; P < .001) and location (odds ratio = 1.592; 95% confidential interval 1.237-2.049; P < .001) were independently related with AWE in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION The presence of AWE on VW-MRI was highly associated with conventional rupture-related characteristics, including aneurysmal size and location, and was detected more frequently in unruptured IAs with high rupture risk based on the PHASES score.

Background Juvenile hormone (JH) is an insect-exclusive hormone involved in regulating diverse aspects of insect physiology, and the evolution of its diverse function is widely interesting. Studying embryogenesis in basal wingless insects is important to understand the functional evolution of JH; however, experimental studies in this regard are scarce. In this study, we conducted CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of genes involved in JH biosynthesis and signaling cascades in the ametabolous firebrat, Thermobia domestica . Additionally, we investigated whether the primitive action of JH is conserved in the hemimetabolous cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus . Results We observed that KO of JHAMT , CYP15A1 , Met , and Kr-h1 resulted in embryonic lethality in T. domestica . Deprivation of JH or JH signaling arrested the progression of extraembryonic fluid resorption after dorsal closure and hatching, which is consistent with the gene expression pattern showing high Kr-h1 expression in the late embryos of T. domestica . The embryos deficient in JH signaling displayed wrinkled and weak legs. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that JH signaling promotes embryonic leg maturation through inducing energy supply and muscle activity, as validated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, JH signaling exhibited similar embryonic effects in G. bimaculatus . Conclusions This study reveals the indispensable role of JH signaling in facilitating the maturation of terminal tissues during late embryogenesis, as demonstrated by the regulation of leg development, in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects. These findings further indicate that the embryonic functions of JH evolved earlier than its anti-metamorphic functions during postembryonic development.

Preeclampsia (PE), a rare complication with a high incidence and mortality rate, causes tremendous mental and physical impairment to pregnant women. Emerging studies have identified that PE was primarily induced by inadequate trophoblast migration and invasion. Poly(A) Binding Protein Cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) is a critical modulator of mRNA translation and stability, with established role in modulating proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of tumor cells. Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif Containing 4 (TMBIM4), which negatively regulates apoptosis, is downregulated in placental tissues of patients with early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE). Notably, 3′UTR motif of TMBIM4 mRNA contains PABPC1 binding site. Here, we investigated the functional role of PABPC1 on regulating proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells, and how PABPC1 modulated mRNA stability of TMBIM4. HTR-8/SVneo cells transfected with silencing or overexpressed PABPC1 plasmid were applied as the in vitro model. The results revealed that PABPC1 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, Sprague Dawley rats were received intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharides administration at 40 μg/kg on gestational days 14.5, 15.5, and 16.5. Upregulated PABPC1 ameliorated elevated blood pressure and severe kidney impairment. Furthermore, for the rescue experiments, the effect of PABPC1 on boosting cell proliferation and invasion was blocked by silencing TMBIM4. More interestingly, according to RIP-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter assays, PABPC1 enhanced TMBIM4 expression through enhancing its mRNA stability via binding to its 3′UTR. Taken together, PABPC1 suppressed EOPE development through boosting trophoblast proliferation and invasion by elevating TMBIM4 mRNA stability. Our findings firstly elucidated the vital effect of PABPC1 on EOPE pathogenesis and highlighted that PABPC1 upregulation might be developed as a promising strategy for EOPE treatment. Article Highlights We elucidated the role of PABPC1 in modulating cell events of HTR-8/SVneo. We investigated the in vivo effect of PABPC1 in EOPE progression. We explored the mechanism of PABPC1 regulating TMBIM4 mRNA stability. PABPC1 participated in EOPE development by modulating TMBIM4 expression.