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"Penrose, Roger"
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Cycles of time : an extraordinary new view of the universe
\"A groundbreaking book providing a new take on three of cosmology's most profound questions: What, if anything, came before the Big Bang? What is the source of order in our universe? What is the universe's ultimate future? Current understanding of our universe dictates that all matter will eventually thin out to zero density, with huge black holes finally evaporating away into massless energy. Roger Penrose--one of the most innovative mathematicians of our time--turns around this predominant picture of the universe's \"heat death,\" arguing how the expected ultimate fate of our accelerating, expanding universe can actually be reinterpreted as the \"Big Bang\" of a new one. Along the way to this remarkable cosmological picture, Penrose sheds new light on basic principles that underlie the behavior of our universe, describing various standard and nonstandard cosmological models, the fundamental role of the cosmic microwave background, and the key status of black holes. Intellectually thrilling and accessible, Cycles of Time is another essential guide to the universe from one of our preeminent thinkers\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
On the Gravitization of Quantum Mechanics 1: Quantum State Reduction
This paper argues that the case for “gravitizing” quantum theory is at least as strong as that for quantizing gravity. Accordingly, the principles of general relativity must influence, and actually change, the very formalism of quantum mechanics. Most particularly, an “Einsteinian”, rather than a “Newtonian” treatment of the gravitational field should be adopted, in a quantum system, in order that the principle of equivalence be fully respected. This leads to an expectation that quantum superpositions of states involving a significant mass displacement should have a finite lifetime, in accordance with a proposal previously put forward by Diósi and the author.
Journal Article
Exploring the unification of quantum theory and general relativity with a Bose-Einstein condensate
Despite almost a century's worth of study, it is still unclear how general relativity (GR) and quantum theory (QT) should be unified into a consistent theory. The conventional approach is to retain the foundational principles of QT, such as the superposition principle, and modify GR. This is referred to as 'quantizing gravity', resulting in a theory of 'quantum gravity'. The opposite approach is 'gravitizing QT' where we attempt to keep the principles of GR, such as the equivalence principle, and consider how this leads to modifications of QT. What we are most lacking in understanding which route to take, if either, is experimental guidance. Here we consider using a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to search for clues. In particular, we study how a single BEC in a superposition of two locations could test a gravitizing QT proposal where wavefunction collapse emerges from a unified theory as an objective process, resolving the measurement problem of QT. Such a modification to QT due to general relativistic principles is testable near the Planck mass scale, which is much closer to experiments than the Planck length scale where quantum, general relativistic effects are traditionally anticipated in quantum gravity theories. Furthermore, experimental tests of this proposal should be simpler to perform than recently suggested experiments that would test the quantizing gravity approach in the Newtonian gravity limit by searching for entanglement between two massive systems that are both in a superposition of two locations.
Journal Article
The emperor's new mind : concerning computers, minds and the laws of physics
\"For many decades, the proponents of `artificial intelligence' have maintained that computers will soon be able to do everything that a human can do. In his bestselling work of popular science, Sir Roger Penrose takes us on a fascinating tour through the basic principles of physics, cosmology, mathematics, and philosophy to show that human thinking can never be emulated by a machine.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The nature of space and time
Who doesn’t love a good argument? When physics heavyweights Stephen W. Hawking and Roger Penrose delivered three sets of back-and-forth lectures capped by a final debate at Cambridge’s Isaac Newton Institute, the course of modern cosmological thinking was at stake. As it happens, The Nature of Space and Time, which collects these remarks, suggests that little has changed from the days when Einstein challenged Bohr by refusing to believe that God plays dice. The math is more abstruse, the arguments more refined, but the argument still hinges on whether our physical theories should be expected to model reality or merely predict measurements.
eBook
Six not-so-easy pieces : Einstein's relativity, symmetry, and space-time
\"...In the challenging 'Six Not-So-Easy Pieces', Feynman delves into one of the most revolutionary discoveries in twentieth-century physics: Einstein's Theory of Relativity...\"--P. [4] of cover.
Book
An improved test of the general relativistic effect of frame-dragging using the LARES and LAGEOS satellites
We report the improved test of frame-dragging, an intriguing phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s General Relativity, obtained using 7 years of Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data of the satellite LARES (ASI, 2012) and 26 years of SLR data of LAGEOS (NASA, 1976) and LAGEOS 2 (ASI and NASA, 1992). We used the static part and temporal variations of the Earth gravity field obtained by the space geodesy mission GRACE (NASA and DLR) and in particular the static Earth’s gravity field model GGM05S augmented by a model for the 7-day temporal variations of the lowest degree Earth spherical harmonics. We used the orbital estimator GEODYN (NASA). We measured frame-dragging to be equal to \\[0.9910 0.02\\], where 1 is the theoretical prediction of General Relativity normalized to its frame-dragging value and \\[ 0.02\\] is the estimated systematic error due to modelling errors in the orbital perturbations, mainly due to the errors in the Earth’s gravity field determination. Therefore, our measurement confirms the prediction of General Relativity for frame-dragging with a few percent uncertainty.
Journal Article
فيزياء العقل البشري والعالم من منظورين
في هذا السفر النفيس، نوقشت آراء روجر بنروز المثيرة للجدل والمتعلقة بفيزياء الكون واسعة النطاق وعالم فيزياء الكم ضيق النطاق، إلى جانب فيزياء العقل البشري، مناقشة شاملة. ويعد هذا الكتاب في الواقع ملخصا رائعا لأفكار بنروز حول هذه الموضوعات الخاصة بالفيزياء التي يشعر أنها مشكلات كبرى لم يتوصل بعد إلى حلول لها. والكتاب أيضا يمكن اعتباره مقدمة نموذجية إلى المفاهيم الجديدة جذريا التي يعتقد أنها ستؤتي ثمارها مستقبلا فيما يتعلق بفهم وظائف المخ وطبيعة العقل البشري.
BOOK
A new laser-ranged satellite for General Relativity and space geodesy: III. De Sitter effect and the LARES 2 space experiment
In two previous papers we presented the LARES 2 space experiment aimed at a very accurate test of frame-dragging and at other tests of fundamental physics and measurements of space geodesy and geodynamics. We presented the error sources of the LARES 2 experiment, its error budget and Monte Carlo simulations and covariance analyses confirming an accuracy of a few parts in one thousand in the test of frame-dragging. Here we discuss the impact of the orbital perturbation known as the de Sitter effect, or geodetic precession, in the error budget of the LARES 2 frame-dragging experiment. We show that the uncertainty in the de Sitter effect has a negligible impact in the final error budget because of the very accurate results now available for the test of the de Sitter precession and because of its very nature. The total error budget in the LARES 2 test of frame-dragging remains at a level of the order of
0.2
%
, as determined in the first two papers of this series.
Journal Article