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IntroductionThe multiple mini interview (MMI) has been incorporated into the holistic review process in the selection of students to US medical schools. The MMI has been used to evaluate interpersonal and intrapersonal attributes which are deemed as necessary for future physicians. We hypothesized that there would be little difference in overall MMI evaluation data compared with traditional interview ratings.MethodsThe University of North Carolina School of Medicine developed an interview process that included a traditional interview and MMI format during the 2019 admissions cycle. Evaluation data along with key demographic variables for 608 MD program applicants were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analyses.ResultsThe MMI format slightly favored female over male applicants (p = 0.002) but did not select for or against applicants based on age, race/ethnicity, underserved/rural area upbringing, or indicators of disadvantage. Out of 608 applicants, 356 (59%) completed a post-interview survey in which the experience was positively rated.DiscussionBased on our experience, the use of a hybrid model of traditional interviews complemented with MMI stations provided greater details in the assessment of medical school applicants while obtaining equivalent data and acceptability amongst applicants.

This review presents an integrated analysis of the current-state-of-the-art in nucleic acid nanotherapies and highlights the importance of nanotechnology in the delivery of nucleic acid therapies. While there is no one dominant nanodesign, the diversity of nanodesigns and delivery of different siRNAs, miRNA and DNA to inhibit more than 20 targets in seven disease states in Phase II/III clinical trials reflects the potential of nucleic acid therapies to treat intractable diseases and non-druggable targets. We provide benchmarks to aid in comparing the design, proof-of-concept studies and clinical trials. From this, we demonstrate the importance of generating a strategic framework for integrating clinical 'wish lists' for a means to treat intractable diseases with engineering 'design checklists' for nucleic acid nanotherapies. The application of nanotechnology to medicine - nanomedicine - offers an unprecedented opportunity to improve patient outcomes. This integrated review of emerging clinical successes and failures in Phase II/III clinical trials provides insight into how best to design new technologies for the delivery of nucleic acid therapies. An integrated analysis of the current-state-of-the-art in nucleic acid nanotherapies is presented with an emphasis on medical perspectives in nanomedicine.

To evaluate the tumor localization and efficacy pH-responsive expansile nanoparticles (eNPs) as a drug delivery system for pancreatic peritoneal carcinomatosis (PPC) modeled in nude rats. A Panc-1-cancer stem cell xeno1graft model of PPC was validated and . Tumor localization was tracked via imaging of fluorescent eNPs. Survival of animals treated with paclitaxel-loaded eNPs (PTX-eNPs) was evaluated . The Panc-1-cancer stem cell xenograft model recapitulates significant features of PPC. Rhodamine-labeled eNPs demonstrate tumor-specific, dose- and time-dependent localization to macro- and microscopic tumors following intraperitoneal injection. PTX-eNPs are as effective as free PTX in treating established PPC; but, PTX-eNPs result in fewer side effects. eNPs are a promising tool for the detection and treatment of PPC.