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"Sanders, Rita"
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Staying at home : identities, memories and social networks of Kazakhstani Germans
\"Despite economic growth in Kazakhstan, more than 80 per cent of Kazakhstan's ethnic Germans have emigrated to Germany to date. Disappointing experiences of the migrants, along with other aspects of life in Germany, have been transmitted through transnational networks to ethnic Germans still living in Kazakhstan. Consequently, Germans in Kazakhstan today feel more alienated than ever from their 'historic homeland.' This book explores the interplay of those memories, social networks and state policies, which play a role in the 'construction' of a Kazakhstani German identity--From publisher's website.
Book
Staying at home
Despite economic growth in Kazakhstan, more than 80 per cent of Kazakhstan's ethnic Germans have emigrated to Germany to date. Disappointing experiences of the migrants, along with other aspects of life in Germany, have been transmitted through transnational networks to ethnic Germans still living in Kazakhstan. Consequently, Germans in Kazakhstan today feel more alienated than ever from their 'historic homeland'. This book explores the interplay of those memories, social networks and state policies, which play a role in the 'construction' of a Kazakhstani German identity.
eBook
Unity and Stability? Legacies and Remembrance of the Great Patriotic War in Russia's Exclave of Kaliningrad
Statements by politicians on Russia's unity and stability are omnipresent. This article deals with people's daily narratives by focusing on the legacies of the Great Patriotic War in the city of Kaliningrad (previously Königsberg). In this endeavor, the article explores the immortal troop project, an alternative march to the official militaristic parade on May 9, which is devoted to the remembrance of people's fate during the war. However, the narratives’ diversity and their potential as political counter narratives only becomes visible by taking into account people's personal relationship to the city's materiality. My arguments are based on long-term fieldwork, conducted between 2015 and 2017.
Journal Article
Germans in rural Kazakstan: the quest for better living conditions and the role of ethnicity
This article investigates the interplay between internal and international migration using the example of Germans living in rural Kazakstan. Gorbachev's policies of Glasnost as wel as Germany's ethnically defined immigration laws were prerequisite for a massive outflow of Kazakstani Germans up until the mid-1990s. As a consequence, only about 20 percent (or 200 000 Germans) have stayed in Kazakstan. Within the country, most Germans as well as other non-Kazaks have moved from villages to towns in order to improve their housing conditions and to live among other Russian-speaking citizens. Those who stayed in the countryside usually had the intention of migrating transnationally but were denied immediate immigration permission by the German state. They then often had to wait for several years for a further response. During this time of uncertainty they refrained from making any future plans and therefore often missed the chance to migrate to a town, due to prices for urban housing having significantly risen after the 1990s. Therefore, an envisioned but failed diasporic migration often impeded alternative migration projects. However, this article also refers to those Kazakstani Germans who have deliberately stayed in rural areas. They mostly relate to a memory of Kazakstani German history, which displays the life of a self-sustaining and hard-working peasant. Such a life style is assumed to have saved the lives of many Germans after deportation to Kazakstan in 1941 and is, for some, therefore highly emotionally loaded. The article uses several case studies and seeks to account for the complexity of people's motives for staying or leaving, as well as when and where to go, and for these projects' successes or failures. Reprinted by permission of the Zeitschrift für Ethnologie and Dietrich Reimer Verlag GmbH
Journal Article
Deutsche im ländlichen Kasachstan: Das Streben nach besseren Lebensumständen und die Rolle von Ethnizität
This article investigates the interplay between internal and international migration using the example of Germans living in rural Kazakstan. Gorbachev's policies of Glasnost as well as Germany's ethnically defined immigration laws were prerequisite for a massive outflow of Kazakstani Germans up until the mid-1990s. As a consequence, only about 20 percent (or 200 000 Germans) have stayed in Kazakstan. Within the country, most Germans as well as other non-Kazaks have moved from villages to towns in order to improve their housing conditions and to live among other Russian-speaking citizens. Those who stayed in the countryside usually had the intention of migrating transnationally but were denied immediate immigration permission by the German state. They then often had to wait for several years for a further response. During this time of uncertainty they refrained from making any future plans and therefore often missed the chance to migrate to a town, due to prices for urban housing having significantly risen after the 1990s. Therefore, an envisioned but failed diasporic migration often impeded alternative migration projects. However, this article also refers to those Kazakstani Germans who have deliberately stayed in rural areas. They mostly relate to a memory of Kazakstani German history, which displays the life of a self-sustaining and hard-working peasant. Such a life style is assumed to have saved the lives of many Germans after deportation to Kazakstan in 1941 and is, for some, therefore highly emotionally loaded. The article uses several case studies and seeks to account for the complexity of people's motives for staying or leaving, as well as when and where to go, and for these projects' successes or failures.
Journal Article
Deutsche im ländlichen Kasachstan: Das Streben nach besseren Lebensumständen und die Rolle von Ethnizität/Germans in Rural Kazakstan: The Quest for Better Living Conditions and the Role of Ethnicity
This article investigates the interplay between internal and international migration using the example of Germans living in rural Kazakstan. Gorbachevs policies of Glasnost as well as Germany's ethnically defined immigration laws were prerequisite for a massive outflow of Kazakstani Germans up until the mid-1990s. As a consequence, only about 20 percent (or 200 000 Germans) have stayed in Kazakstan. Within the country, most Germans as well as other non-Kazaks have moved from villages to towns in order to improve their housing conditions and to live among other Russian-speaking citizens. Those who stayed in the countryside usually had the intention of migrating transnationally but were denied immediate immigration permission by the German state. They then often had to wait for several years for a further response. During this time of uncertainty they refrained from making any future plans and therefore often missed the chance to migrate to a town, due to prices for urban housing having significantly risen after the 1990s. Therefore, an envisioned but failed diasporic migration often impeded alternative migration projects. However, this article also refers to those Kazakstani Germans who have deliberately stayed in rural areas. They mostly relate to a memory of Kazakstani German history, which displays the life of a self-sustaining and hard-working peasant. Such a life style is assumed to have saved the lives of many Germans after deportation to Kazakstan in 1941 and is, for some, therefore highly emotionally loaded. The article uses several case studies and seeks to account for the complexity of people's motives for staying or leaving, as well as when and where to go, and for these projects' successes or failures.
Journal Article
Mobility and Identity in Central Asia: An Introduction
Since social and cultural change long has been construed axiomatically in anthropology, this became a concern a fortiori in socialism's wake with the overwhelming technological and political incursions as well as economic investments of the west, usually subsumed under the term globalization. The latter notion has been so emphasized throughout the 20th century, in Soviet and Chinese cases in particular with regard to formalized ethnicity, that we often neglect myriad forms of identity beyond that. [...]in this issue we will make persuasive cases for the connectedness of mobility and identity that demonstrate their changeable natures with regard to social belonging, gender norms, religion or rural/urban and professional/non-professional dichotomies. [...]a major distinction has to be drawn between previously nomadic communities and those that refer to a sedentary mode of organizing society. [...]Uzbeks and Tajiks tend to grasp ethnic identities by means of territorial belonging, which has also resulted in different localized versions of Uzbek identity, Kazaks and Kyrgyz, conversely, stress genealogical aspects when delineating ethnic group membership (Finke 2014). In Uzbekistan, by contrast, the repatriation of Uzbeks living outside of the country has never been an issue. [...]the size and status of the titular nationality differ substantially in the Central Asian states and, accordingly, this varies relative to the way the multi-ethnic takeover has been handled since Soviet times.
Journal Article