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"Seedhouse, Erik"
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Presence within the virtual reality environment of the international space station
Virtual Reality (VR) is becoming an increasingly effective and powerful medium for learning, especially when applied to environments such as the International Space Station (ISS) that requires acquiring situational awareness (SA) and navigation. Research has shown, and continues to show, an encouraging array of positive learning outcomes when applying VR technology to support and improve learning. Findings include observing positive effects on spatial awareness (SA), astronaut navigation, and presence. Additionally, research has demonstrated that learners enjoy their VR experience and acknowledge the potential of VR in enhancing quality of instruction, especially regarding the immersive realism, or presence, that the virtual environment provides. It is argued that this sense of presence encourages and enhances self-paced learning and permits a more student-centered instructional approach. VR has been used in myriad fields and is not just an educational tool. But as an educational tool VR may be used to support only certain types of learning, because the medium may not work for all kinds of learning. That is because presence comprises several characteristics such as sensory effects, distraction, and realism. Also, the sense of presence may be affected by characteristics of a specific environment. To investigate this latter statement the objective of this study was to evaluate four components of presence (sensory, distraction, realism and involvement) while participants navigated through a VR-rendered ISS environment to assess sense of presence and to determine the level of presence in the virtual world of the ISS. The results indicate that when applied to these visual and kinesthetic modes of learning (the other modes being auditory and reading and writing), VR as an instructional tool is not superior to conventional learning. This result was borne out of the assessment of the comparisons between groups when completing navigation tasks and diagram tasks.
Journal Article
Astronauts for hire : the emergence of a commercial astronaut corps
This text examines the increasing need for commercial astronauts. It provides insights into the burgeoning new field of commercial space operation, individuals who will run these missions and the types of missions this new corps of astronauts will fly.
Book
Heart Rate, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure, and Pulmonary Function Changes Associated With an Ultraendurance Triathlon
Objective.—We studied 8 triathletes competing in the 3-day World Ultraman Championships (day 1: 10-km swim, 165-km bike; day 2: 261-km bike; day 3: 85-km run) to determine the effect of extreme physical exertion on heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and pulmonary function, and their relation to overall athletic performance. Methods.—Baseline HR, MAP and pulmonary function measurements were made 2 days before the start of competition. During the competition, HR and MAP measurements were made less than 30 minutes before the start and 10 minutes after the finish each race day. Pulmonary function was measured within 5 minutes of the finish each race day. Results.—Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0) were reduced from baseline at the end of each race day. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) was reduced from baseline on days 1 and 3. Lower baseline resting HR was correlated (r = 0.77, P = .021) with faster total race times. The decreases in FEV1.0 and PEF over the whole race also correlated with performance (r = 0.77 and 0.93). Multiple regression analysis of baseline data indicated that HR and MAP had the strongest association with total race time prediction (54% and 19% of total). However, when declines in pulmonary function over the total race were also included, PEF was found to be associated with 87% of the total race time prediction. Conclusions.—The strong association in the decline in PEF to race time, though just correlative, suggests a link between pulmonary function and ultratriathlon performance.
Journal Article
Space Operations in the Suborbital Space Flight Simulator and Mission Control Center: Lessons Learned with XCOR Lynx
This study was conducted to better understand the performance of the XCOR Lynx vehicle. Because the Lynx development was halted, the best knowledge of vehicle dynamics can only be found through simulator flights. X-Plane 10 was chosen for its robust applications and accurate portrayal of dynamics on a vehicle in flight. The Suborbital Space Flight Simulator (SSFS) and Mission Control Center (MCC) were brought to the Applied Aviation Sciences department in fall 2015 at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach campus. This academic and research tool is a department asset capable of providing multiple fields of data about suborbital simulated flights. This tool will allow flight navigators to assess different aspects of a suborbital flight dynamics and generate various trajectory maps to establish procedures and preventive measures when the vehicle goes through the NAS. It was found that the XCOR Lynx is an unstable platform but has good glide capabilities. This information is useful to pilots who may someday fly the XCOR Lynx as well as air traffic controllers who may have Lynx operations at their airports.
Journal Article
Physiological Responses of Ultraendurance Athletes and Nonathletes During an Attempt to Summit Denali
Objective.—To compare altitude responses of 2 ultraendurance athletes and 2 nonathletes during a 2-week expedition on Denali (Mount McKinley). Methods.—The severity of acute mountain sickness (AMS) symptoms (Lake Louise AMS guidelines) and pulmonary function parameters (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, peak expiratory flow) as well as resting heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation measurements were taken during the climb. Baseline measurements were made at 375 m, and field tests were performed at altitudes of 2200 m, 2400 m, 3000 m, 3400 m, 4100 m, 4300 m, and 10 m. Results.—Nonathletes reported moderate AMS symptoms at altitudes up to and including 3000 m, whereas ultraendurance athletes reported moderate AMS symptoms at altitudes above 3000 m. Considerable daily variation existed in pulmonary function measures within and between groups; however, the largest shift from baseline and between groups occurred at 3000 m where ultraendurance athletes had increased and nonathletes had decreased peak expiratory flow and forced vital capacity. Resting heart rate increased and arterial oxygen saturation decreased with altitude. Conclusions.—Highly aerobically fit individuals may be more susceptible to delayed and more prolonged onset of AMS than are moderately fit individuals. Pulmonary function, although highly variable, also may be dissimilar between these groups.
Journal Article
Martian outpost : the challenges of establishing a human settlement on Mars
From the Publisher: Martian Outpost provides a unique and detailed insight into the various enabling technologies, mission architectures, medical requirements, and training needed to send humans to Mars. It focuses on the mission objectives and benefits, and the risks and complexities which are compounded when linked to an overall planet exploration program involving a permanent presence on the surface.
Book
Survival Hand Book
Known attacks exploit features like parking assist to pull on the steering wheel. So keep hold - they likely can't overpower your grip. Yank out anything plugged into the OBD2 port - an outlet under the dash that connects to the car's network. Internet-connected OBD gadgets can let hackers in. If the brakes go out, pull the parking brake. If that's out, put the transmission in Park. \"You may drop your transmission on the side of the road, but you'll stop,\" Valasek says. If the car accelerates wildly, try to put it in neutral and guide it off the road (Fig. B) . Turn the car off, if possible, and wait a minute before you turn it on again. Malware may not have what hackers call \"persistence,\" meaning that a restart could put control of the car back in your hands.
Magazine Article