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مجمع بيبا السكني
((مجمع بيبا السكني)) رواية تتخذ من موضوع التخفيف من حدة الفقر موضوعا لها، وتركز على \"الأقوياء\" الذين لا يقهرون في تجربة مكافحة الفقر. وتتخذ من مجمع بيبا السكني في إحدى القرى الجبلية الفقيرة في المنطقة السوفيتية المركزية بجيانغشي مسرحا لأحداث الرواية، ومن خلال الماضي والحاضر لأحد المجمعات السكنية وبأسلوب فني تعيد تجسيد معجزة التخفيف من حدة الفقر في تلك المنطقة القديمة بخصائص ومشاعر فريدة. في هذا المجمع السكني الفقير المليء بطابع الهاكا ودفء المشاعر الإنسانية، تستخدم الكاتبة القلم النسائي الدقيق والموهوب والحساس لتنسج للقاريء لوحة فنية لمجموعة من الشخصيات المحبوبة المحترمة، ومن بينهم خه جين هوا وجين تساي فنغ وغيرهم من كوادر مساعدة الفقراء، وشي هاو تساي وشيوي شيو تشن وغيرهم من المستهدفين للتخفيف من حدة الفقر، بالإضافة إلى عم أخرس وعجوز جيوي تسي اللذين يمثلان الجيش الأحمر القديم وأهالى العسكريين.
Book
Construction of stabilized bulk-nano interfaces for highly promoted inverse CeO2/Cu catalyst
As the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction serves as a crucial industrial process, strategies for developing robust WGS catalysts are highly desiderated. Here we report the construction of stabilized bulk-nano interfaces to fabricate highly efficient copper-ceria catalyst for the WGS reaction. With an in-situ structural transformation, small CeO
2
nanoparticles (2–3 nm) are stabilized on bulk Cu to form abundant CeO
2
-Cu interfaces, which maintain well-dispersed under reaction conditions. This inverse CeO
2
/Cu catalyst shows excellent WGS performances, of which the activity is 5 times higher than other reported Cu catalysts. Long-term stability is also very solid under harsh conditions. Mechanistic study illustrates that for the inverse CeO
2
/Cu catalyst, superb capability of H
2
O dissociation and CO oxidation facilitates WGS process via the combination of associative and redox mechanisms. This work paves a way to fabricate robust catalysts by combining the advantages of bulk and nano-sized catalysts. Catalysts with such inverse configurations show great potential in practical WGS applications.
Cu-CeO
2
has been considered as promising alternative to Cu-Zn-Al catalyst for water-gas shift (WGS) reaction, but it still suffers from low activity caused by Cu sintering. Here, the authors develop inverse CeO
2
/Cu catalyst with remarkable activity and stability in WGS via construction of stabilized bulk-nano interfaces.
Journal Article
Born–Infeld black holes in 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
A novel four-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity was formulated by Glavan and Lin (Phys. Rev. Lett. 124:081301, 2020), which is intended to bypass the Lovelock’s theorem and to yield a non-trivial contribution to the four-dimensional gravitational dynamics. However, the validity and consistency of this theory has been called into question recently. We study a static and spherically symmetric black hole charged by a Born–Infeld electric field in the novel four-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity. It is found that the black hole solution still suffers the singularity problem, since particles incident from infinity can reach the singularity. It is also demonstrated that the Born-Infeld charged black hole may be superior to the Maxwell charged black hole to be a charged extension of the Schwarzschild-AdS-like black hole in this new gravitational theory. Some basic thermodynamics of the black hole solution is also analyzed. Besides, we regain the black hole solution in the regularized four-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity proposed by Lü and Pang (
arXiv:2003.11552
).
Journal Article
Compressed primary‐to‐transmodal gradient is accompanied with subcortical alterations and linked to neurotransmitters and cellular signatures in major depressive disorder
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been shown to involve widespread changes in low‐level sensorimotor and higher‐level cognitive functions. Recent research found that a primary‐to‐transmodal gradient could capture a cortical hierarchical organization ranging from perception and action to cognition in healthy subjects, but a prominent gradient dysfunction in MDD patients. However, whether and how this cortical gradient is linked to subcortical impairments and whether it is reflected in the microscale neurotransmitter systems and cell type‐specific transcriptional signatures remain largely unknown. Data were acquired from 323 MDD patients and 328 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls derived from the REST‐meta‐MDD project, and the human brain neurotransmitter systems density maps and gene expression data were drawn from two publicly available datasets. We investigated alterations of the primary‐to‐transmodal gradient in MDD patients and their correlations with clinical symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as their paralleled subcortical impairments. The correlations between MDD‐related gradient alterations and densities of the neurotransmitter systems and gene expression information were assessed, respectively. The results demonstrated that MDD patients had a compressed primary‐to‐transmodal gradient accompanied by paralleled alterations in subcortical regions including the caudate, amygdala, and thalamus. The case–control gradient differences were spatially correlated with the densities of the neurotransmitter systems including the serotonin and dopamine receptors, and meanwhile with gene expression enriched in astrocytes, excitatory and inhibitory neuronal cells. These findings mapped the paralleled subcortical impairments in cortical hierarchical organization and also helped us understand the possible molecular and cellular substrates of the co‐occurrence of high‐level cognitive impairments with low‐level sensorimotor abnormalities in MDD.
Journal Article
Association between Air Pollutants and Asthma Emergency Room Visits and Hospital Admissions in Time Series Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Air pollution constitutes a significant stimulus of asthma exacerbations; however, the impacts of exposure to major air pollutants on asthma-related hospital admissions and emergency room visits (ERVs) have not been fully determined.
We sought to quantify the associations between short-term exposure to air pollutants [ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter ≤10 μm (PM10) and PM2.5] and the asthma-related emergency room visits (ERV) and hospitalizations.
Systematic computerized searches without language limitation were performed. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated using the random-effect models. Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were also performed.
After screening of 246 studies, 87 were included in our analyses. Air pollutants were associated with significantly increased risks of asthma ERVs and hospitalizations [O3: RR(95%CI), 1.009 (1.006, 1.011); I2 = 87.8%, population-attributable fraction (PAF) (95%CI): 0.8 (0.6, 1.1); CO: RR(95%CI), 1.045 (1.029, 1.061); I2 = 85.7%, PAF (95%CI): 4.3 (2.8, 5.7); NO2: RR(95%CI), 1.018 (1.014, 1.022); I2 = 87.6%, PAF (95%CI): 1.8 (1.4, 2.2); SO2: RR(95%CI), 1.011 (1.007, 1.015); I2 = 77.1%, PAF (95%CI): 1.1 (0.7, 1.5); PM10: RR(95%CI), 1.010 (1.008, 1.013); I2 = 69.1%, PAF (95%CI): 1.1 (0.8, 1.3); PM2.5: RR(95%CI), 1.023 (1.015, 1.031); I2 = 82.8%, PAF (95%CI): 2.3 (1.5, 3.1)]. Sensitivity analyses yielded compatible findings as compared with the overall analyses without publication bias. Stronger associations were found in hospitalized males, children and elderly patients in warm seasons with lag of 2 days or greater.
Short-term exposures to air pollutants account for increased risks of asthma-related ERVs and hospitalizations that constitute a considerable healthcare utilization and socioeconomic burden.
Journal Article
Reactive Oxygen Species Induce Fatty Liver and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Inflammation and Cell Death
Liver transplantation is the ultimate method for treating end-stage liver disease. With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the number of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, a common cause of chronic liver disease, is on the rise and may become the main cause of liver transplantation in the future. With the increasing gap between the number of donor livers and patients waiting for liver transplantation and the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver, the proportion of steatosis livers among non-standard donor organs is also increasing. Ischemia-reperfusion injury has historically been the focus of attention in the liver transplantation process, and severe ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to adverse outcomes of liver transplantation. Studies have shown that the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Furthermore, the sensitivity of fatty liver transplantation to ischemia-reperfusion injury has been suggested to be related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. In ischemia-reperfusion injury, Kupffer cell and macrophage activation along with mitochondrial damage and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system promote marked reactive oxygen species production and the inflammatory response and apoptosis, resulting in liver tissue injury. The increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation products, vicious circle of ROS and oxidative stress along with mitochondrial dysfunction promoted the progress of non-alcoholic fatty liver. In contrast to the non-fatty liver, a non-alcoholic fatty liver produces more reactive oxygen species and suffers more serious oxidative stress when subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We herein review the effects of reactive oxygen species on ischemia-reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver injury as well as highlight several treatment approaches.
Journal Article
CELLO2GO: A Web Server for Protein subCELlular LOcalization Prediction with Functional Gene Ontology Annotation
CELLO2GO (http://cello.life.nctu.edu.tw/cello2go/) is a publicly available, web-based system for screening various properties of a targeted protein and its subcellular localization. Herein, we describe how this platform is used to obtain a brief or detailed gene ontology (GO)-type categories, including subcellular localization(s), for the queried proteins by combining the CELLO localization-predicting and BLAST homology-searching approaches. Given a query protein sequence, CELLO2GO uses BLAST to search for homologous sequences that are GO annotated in an in-house database derived from the UniProt KnowledgeBase database. At the same time, CELLO attempts predict at least one subcellular localization on the basis of the species in which the protein is found. When homologs for the query sequence have been identified, the number of terms found for each of their GO categories, i.e., cellular compartment, molecular function, and biological process, are summed and presented as pie charts representing possible functional annotations for the queried protein. Although the experimental subcellular localization of a protein may not be known, and thus not annotated, CELLO can confidentially suggest a subcellular localization. CELLO2GO should be a useful tool for research involving complex subcellular systems because it combines CELLO and BLAST into one platform and its output is easily manipulated such that the user-specific questions may be readily addressed.
Journal Article
Decimeter-depth and polarization addressable color 3D meta-holography
Fueled by the rapid advancement of nanofabrication, metasurface has provided unprecedented opportunities for 3D holography. Large depth 3D meta-holography not only greatly increases information storage capacity, but also enables distinguishing of the relative spatial relationship of 3D objects, which has important applications in fields like optical information storage and medical diagnosis. Although the methods based on Fresnel diffraction theory can reconstruct the real depth information of 3D objects, the maximum depth is only 2 mm. Here, we develop a 3D meta-holography based on angular spectrum diffraction theory to break through the depth limit. By developing the angular spectrum diffraction theory into meta-holography, the metasurface structure with independent polarization control is used to create a polarization multiplexing 3D meta-hologram. The fabricated amorphous silicon metasurface increases the depth range by 47.5 times and realizes 0.95 dm depth reconstruction for polarization independent and different color 3D meta-hologram in visible. Such polarization controlled large-depth color meta-holography is expected to open avenue for data storage, display, information security and virtual reality.
The authors present an exciting 3D meta-holography based on angular spectrum diffraction theory that significantly improves depth limits. The showcased amorphous silicon metasurface with independent polarization control herein achieves a 47.5x depth increase and 0.95 dm depth reconstructions for polarization-independent and different color 3D meta-hologram.
Journal Article
Resting-state brain entropy in schizophrenia
The human brain presents ongoing temporal fluctuations whose dynamic range indicates the capacity of information processing and can be approximately quantified with entropy. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), recent studies have shown a stable distribution pattern of temporal brain entropy (tBEN) in healthy subjects, which may be affected by neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Assessing tBEN may reciprocally provide a new tool to characterize those disorders.
The current study aimed to identify tBEN changes in schizophrenia patients using publicly available data from the Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) project. Forty-three schizophrenia patients and 59 sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects were included, and tBEN was calculated from their resting-state fMRI scans.
Compared with healthy controls, patients showed decreased tBEN in the right middle prefrontal cortex, bilateral thalamus, right hippocampus and bilateral caudate and increased tBEN in the left lingual gyrus, left precuneus, right fusiform face area and right superior occipital gyrus. In schizophrenia patients, tBEN in the left cuneus and middle occipital gyrus was negatively correlated with the positive and negative syndrome scores (PANSS). Age of onset was inversely correlated with tBEN in the right fusiform gyrus and left insula.
Our findings demonstrate a detrimental tBEN reduction in schizophrenia that is related to clinical characteristics. The tBEN increase in a few regions might be a result of tBEN redistribution across the whole brain in schizophrenia.
Journal Article
Testing the nature of Gauss–Bonnet gravity by four-dimensional rotating black hole shadow
The recent discovery of the novel four-dimensional static and spherically symmetric Gauss–Bonnet black hole provides a promising bed to test Gauss–Bonnet gravity by using astronomical observations (Glavan et al. in PRL 124:081301, 2020). In this paper, we first obtain the rotating Gauss–Bonnet black hole solution by using the Newman–Janis algorithm and then study the shadow cast by the nonrotating and rotating candidate Gauss–Bonnet black holes. The result indicates that positive metric parameter
α
shrinks the shadow, while negative one enlarges it. Meanwhile, both the distortion and ratio of two diameters of the shadow are found to increase with the metric parameter for certain spin. Comparing with the Kerr black hole, the shadow gets more distorted for
α
and less distorted for negative one. Furthermore, we calculate the angular diameter of the shadow by making use of the observation of M87*. The result indicates that negative metric parameter
α
in (−4.5, 0) is more favored. Since the negative energy appears for negative
α
, our results extends the study of Gauss–Bonnet gravity. We believe further study on the four-dimensional rotating black hole may shed new light on Gauss–Bonnet gravity.
Journal Article