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Only one previous record of an exotic tick on a Brazilian traveler has been reported. Here, we report the detection of Dermacentor andersoni (Stiles) in Brazil while attached to a human traveler returning from the United States. This report is the fifth record of D. andersoni as an exotic tick, and the second record of an exotic tick on a South American traveler.

Only one previous record of an exotic tick on a Brazilian traveler has been reported. Here, we report the detection of Dermacentor andersoni (Stiles) in Brazil while attached to a human traveler returning from the United States. This report is the fifth record of D. andersoni as an exotic tick, and the second record of an exotic tick on a South American traveler.

Esta pesquisa etnográfica objetivou compreender os rituais de cuidado realizados por famílias, durante a preparação para a vivência de parto domiciliar planejado. Participaram 25 famílias, no período de setembro de 2010 a abril de 2011. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram a observação participante e a entrevista. Mediante processos de apreensão, síntese, teorização e recontextualização, emergiram duas categorias: A casa para nascer e Preparando a chegada do bebê. O parto domiciliar é uma experiência construída no âmbito do casal grávido. A casa é concebida pelas famílias como um local sagrado para a vivência de uma experiência que agregue valores existenciais ao ato fisiológico do nascimento. Compreender esses rituais contribui para o oferecimento de cuidado de enfermagem culturalmente congruente. This ethnographic study aimed to understand the rituals of care performed by families, while preparing for the experience of planned home birth. 25 families participated in the period September 2010 to April 2011. The techniques of data collection were participant observation and interview. Through the processes of apprehension, synthesis, theorization and re-contexture, two categories emerged: The house to be born in and Preparing baby's arrival. Homebirth is an experience built within the pregnant couple. The house is considered the sacred place to experience childbirth, aggregating existential values to the physiological act of giving birth. Understanding these rituals contributes to offer a nursing care of quality in order to respect the cultural aspects involved in this assistance. Este estudio etnográfico tuvo como objetivo comprender los rituales de cuidado realizado por las familias, en preparación para la experiencia del parto en casa. 25 familias participaron en el período septiembre 2010 a abril 2011. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron la observación participante y la entrevista. Por medio de la recopilación de información, sintetizar, teorizar y recontextualizar, emergieron dos categorías: La casa para el nacimiento y Preparación para la llegada del bebé. El parto en casa es una experiencia construida en la pareja embarazada. La casa está diseñada para las familias como un lugar sagrado para la experiencia de una experiencia existencial que añade valor al proceso fisiológico del nacimiento. La comprensión de estos rituales contribuye a la prestación de cuidados de enfermería culturalmente congruente.

This ethnographic study aimed to understand the rituals of care performed by families, while preparing for the experience of planned home birth. 25 families participated in the period September 2010 to April 2011. The techniques of data collection were participant observation and interview. Through the processes of apprehension, synthesis, theorization and re-contexture, two categories emerged: The house to be born in and Preparing baby's arrival. Homebirth is an experience built within the pregnant couple. The house is considered the sacred place to experience childbirth, aggregating existential values to the physiological act of giving birth. Understanding these rituals contributes to offer a nursing care of quality in order to respect the cultural aspects involved in this assistance.

This ethnographic study aimed to understand the rituals of care performed by families, while preparing for the experience of planned home birth. 25 families participated in the period September 2010 to April 2011. The techniques of data collection were participant observation and interview. Through the processes of apprehension, synthesis, theorization and re-contexture, two categories emerged: The house to be born in and Preparing baby's arrival. Homebirth is an experience built within the pregnant couple. The house is considered the sacred place to experience childbirth, aggregating existential values to the physiological act of giving birth. Understanding these rituals contributes to offer a nursing care of quality, in order to respect the cultural aspects involved in this assistance.

The classic definition of precocious sexual maturation is the development of secondary sexual characteristics before 8 years of age in girls and before 9 years of age in boys. It is classified as central precocious puberty when premature maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis occurs, and as peripheral precocious puberty when there is excessive secretion of sex hormones, independent of gonadotropin secretion. Precocious sexual maturation is more common in girls, generally central precocious puberty of idiopathic origin. In boys, it tends to be linked to central nervous system abnormalities. Clinical evaluation should include a detailed history and physical examination, including anthropometric measurements, calculation of growth velocity, and evaluation of secondary sexual characteristics. The main sign to suspect the onset of puberty is breast tissue development (thelarche) in girls and testicular enlargement (≥4 mL) in boys. Hormonal assessment and imaging are required for diagnosis and identification of the etiology. Genetic testing should be considered if there is a family history of precocious puberty or other clinical features suggestive of a genetic syndrome. Long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs are the standard of care for central precocious puberty management, while peripheral precocious puberty management depends on the etiology.Conclusion: The aim of this review is to address the epidemiology, etiology, clinical assessment, and management of precocious sexual maturation. What is Known:• The main sign to suspect the onset of puberty is breast tissue development (thelarche) in girls and testicular enlargement (≥4 mL) in boys. The classic definition of precocious sexual maturation is the development of secondary sexual characteristics before 8 years of age in girls and before 9 years of age in boys.• Long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is the standard of care for CPP management, and adequate hormone suppression results in the stabilization of pubertal progression, a decline in growth velocity, and a decrease in bone age advancement.What is New:• Most cases of precocious sexual maturation are gonadotropin-dependent and currently assumed to be idiopathic, but mutations in genes involved in pubertal development have been identified, such as MKRN3 and DLK1.• A different preparation of long-acting GnRHa is now available: 6-month subcutaneous injection.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group with different types of diseases. It remains unclear as to what has led to an increase in incidences of NHL, however, chemical substance exposure is known to be one of the risk factors for the disease. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis including case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional observational epidemiological studies to verify the association between occupational exposure to carcinogens and NHL risk. Articles between the years 2000 and 2020 were collected. Two different reviewers performed a blind selection of the studies using the Rayyan QCRI web app. Post-completion, the selected articles were extracted and analyzed via the RedCap platform. Our review resulted in 2719 articles, of which 51 were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in an overall OR of 1.27 (95% CI 1.04–1.55). Furthermore, it was observed that the main occupation associated with the increased risk of NHL was that in which workers are exposed to pesticides. We therefore conclude that the evidence synthesis of the epidemiological literature supports an increased risk for NHL, regardless of subtype, considering occupational exposure to certain chemical compounds, mainly pesticides, benzene, and trichlorethylene, and certain classes of work, primarily in the field of agriculture.

This exploratory analysis of the Neoadjuvant Carboplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (NACATRINE) study aimed to identify the biomarkers of pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) within the context of a clinical trial. The NACATRINE trial is a phase II, single-center, randomized, open-label clinical trial that investigated the addition of carboplatin to sequential anthracycline- and taxane-based NAC for TNBC. We evaluated the gene expression in untreated samples to investigate its association with pCR, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS). RNA was extracted from the tissue biopsy, and the nCounter Breast Cancer panel was used to analyze gene expression. Of the 66 patients included in the gene expression profiling analysis, 24 (36.4%) achieved pCR and 42 (63.6%) had residual disease. In unsupervised hierarchical clustering analyses, differentially expressed genes between patients with and without pCR were identified irrespective of the treatment (24 genes), carboplatin (37 genes), and non-carboplatin (27 genes) arms. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, 10 genes in the carboplatin arm (area under the ROC curve [AUC], 0.936) and three genes in the non-carboplatin arm (AUC, 0.939) were considered to be potential pCR-associated biomarkers. We identified genes that were associated with improvements in OS and DFS in addition to being related to pCR. We successfully identified gene expression signatures associated with pCR in pretreatment samples of patients with TNBC treated with NAC. Further investigation of these biomarkers is warranted.

Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease and is capable of invading any nucleated cell in the vertebrate host. The parasite utilizes various virulence factors during cell invasion, including the P21 protein. P21 is encoded by a single‐copy, nonconserved gene expressed across all T. cruzi life cycle stages. Its sequence codes for a protein implicated in cell invasion and parasite multiplication. Given the significant differences in biological behavior between distinct strains of T. cruzi , we ablated the P21‐coding gene in two phylogenetically distant strains (G and Y strains) and assessed its impact on the transcriptome profile of intracellular amastigotes. Our findings revealed that P21 depletion affected the transcription of different genes in the G and Y strains, with each strain exhibiting enrichment for distinct biological processes. Notably, protein translation was the major biological process impacted by P21 depletion, showing upregulation in the G strain and downregulation in the Y strain. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that P21 gene ablation induces strain‐specific transcriptional reprogramming in T. cruzi amastigotes, revealing divergent roles for P21 in modulating fundamental cellular processes like protein translation and potentially influencing host–parasite interactions, contingent upon the parasite’s genetic background.