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Artificial intelligence has become an increasingly powerful technological instrument in recent years, revolutionizing many sectors, including public health. Its use in this field will inevitably change clinical practice, the patient-caregiver relationship and the concept of the diagnosis and treatment pathway, affecting the balance between the patient's right to self-determination and health, and thus leading to an evolution of the concept of informed consent. The aim was to characterize the guidelines for the use of artificial intelligence, its areas of application and the relevant legislation, to propose guiding principles for the design of optimal informed consent for its use. A classic review by keywords on the main search engines was conducted. An analysis of the guidelines and regulations issued by scientific authorities and legal bodies on the use of artificial intelligence in public health was carried out. The current areas of application of this technology were highlighted, divided into sectors, its impact on them, as well as a summary of current guidelines and legislation. The ethical implications of artificial intelligence in the health care system were assessed, particularly regarding the therapeutic alliance between doctor and patient, and the balance between the right to self-determination and health. Finally, given the evolution of informed consent in relation to the use of this new technology, seven guiding principles were proposed to guarantee the right to the most informed consent or dissent.

As defined by the World Health Organization, female genital mutilation is a practice that involves the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons and is recognized internationally as a violation of the women's human rights. Despite being illegal in Italy, this practice remains prevalent, particularly among immigrant communities, and represents a widespread and current problem. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the scale of this phenomenon and its juridic outcomes.