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5 result(s) for "Valdebenito, Gabriel E"
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Constitutive activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway sustains the m.3243 A > G mtDNA mutation
Mutations of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) cause a range of profoundly debilitating clinical conditions for which treatment options are very limited. Most mtDNA diseases show heteroplasmy – tissues express both wild-type and mutant mtDNA. While the level of heteroplasmy broadly correlates with disease severity, the relationships between specific mtDNA mutations, heteroplasmy, disease phenotype and severity are poorly understood. We have carried out extensive bioenergetic, metabolomic and RNAseq studies on heteroplasmic patient-derived cells carrying the most prevalent disease related mtDNA mutation, the m.3243 A > G. These studies reveal that the mutation promotes changes in metabolites which are associated with the upregulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis in patient-derived cells and tissues. Remarkably, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K, Akt, or mTORC1 reduced mtDNA mutant load and partially rescued cellular bioenergetic function. The PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis thus represents a potential therapeutic target that may benefit people suffering from the consequences of the m.3243 A > G mutation. Heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations cause disease in humans. Here, Chung et al find the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway constitutively activated in cells with the heteroplasmic m.3243 A > G mutation, and inhibition of the pathway cell autonomously reduces mutant mtDNA load and rescues mitochondrial bioenergetics.
Metabolic remodelling in hiPSC-derived myofibres carrying the m.3243A>G mutation
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA cause severe multisystem disease, frequently associated with muscle weakness. The m.3243A>G mutation is the major cause of Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy Lactic Acidosis and Stroke Like episodes (MELAS). Experimental models that recapitulate the disease phenotype in vitro for disease modelling or drug screening are very limited. We have therefore generated hiPSC-derived muscle fibres with variable heteroplasmic mtDNA mutation load without significantly affecting muscle differentiation potential. The cells are excitable and show physiological characteristics of muscle fibres and show well organised myofibrillar structure. In cells carrying the m.3243A>G, the mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption were reduced in relation to the mutant load. We have shown through proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and metabolomic analyses that the m.3243A>G mutation variably affects the cell phenotype in relation to the mutant load. This variation is reflected by an increase in the NADH/NAD+ ratio, which in turns influences key nutrient-sensing pathways in the myofibres. This model enables detailed study of the impact of the mutation on cellular bioenergetics and on muscle physiology with the potential to provide a platform for drug screening.
Constitutive activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway sustains the m.3243A>G mtDNA mutation
Mutations of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) cause a range of profoundly debilitating clinical conditions for which treatment options are very limited. Most mtDNA diseases show heteroplasmy – tissues express both wild-type and mutant mtDNA. While the level of heteroplasmy broadly correlates with disease severity, the relationships between specific mtDNA mutations, heteroplasmy, disease phenotype and severity are poorly understood. We have carried out extensive bioenergetic, metabolomic and RNAseq studies on heteroplasmic patient derived cells carrying the most prevalent disease related mtDNA mutation, m.3243A>G. These studies reveal that the mutation promotes changes in metabolites which is associated with the upregulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis in patient-derived cells and tissues. Remarkably, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K, Akt, or mTORC1 activated mitophagy, reduced mtDNA mutant load and rescued cellular bioenergetic function. The rescue was prevented by inhibition of mitophagy. The PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis thus represents a potential therapeutic target that may benefit people suffering from the consequences of the m.3243A>G mutation.
Impacto de una experiencia interdisciplinaria para desarrollar la redacción de cuentos en el aula de historia desde la metodología a+s
El trabajo que aquí se presenta da cuenta de los resultados obtenidos luego de la implementación de un proyecto de Metodología A+S que la Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez llevó a cabo en conjunto con el colegio municipal Los Bosquinos de Maipú. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar el impacto de esta experiencia en el desarrollo de la producción de textos narrativos en el aula de historia, geografía y ciencias sociales mediante un trabajo interdisciplinario. Desde la perspectiva didáctica, se desarrolló un módulo didáctico que se sustenta en la escritura por proyectos desde un enfoque procesual. El estudio, de tipo preexperimental con análisis cuantitativo, considera la revisión textual—por parte de tres jueces expertos—de los cuentos realizados por 32 estudiantes de séptimo básico. Los resultados dan cuenta de una mejora considerable en la calidad de los textos narrativos, con énfasis en la competencia discursiva. Por su parte, se destaca el valor que esta experiencia de A+S representó no solo para la institución de educación superior, sino también para el socio comunitario.
Impacto de una experiencia interdisciplinaria para desarrollar la redacción de cuentos en el aula de historia desde la metodología a+s
El trabajo que aquí se presenta da cuenta de los resultados obtenidos luego de la implementación de un proyecto de Metodología A+S que la Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez llevó a cabo en conjunto con el colegio municipal Los Bosquinos de Maipú. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar el impacto de esta experiencia en el desarrollo de la producción de textos narrativos en el aula de historia, geografía y ciencias sociales mediante un trabajo interdisciplinario. Desde la perspectiva didáctica, se desarrolló un módulo didáctico que se sustenta en la escritura por proyectos desde un enfoque procesual. El estudio, de tipo preexperimental con análisis cuantitativo, considera la revisión textual—por parte de tres jueces expertos—de los cuentos realizados por 32 estudiantes de séptimo básico. Los resultados dan cuenta de una mejora considerable en la calidad de los textos narrativos, con énfasis en la competencia discursiva. Por su parte, se destaca el valor que esta experiencia de A+S representó no solo para la institución de educación superior, sino también para el socio comunitario.