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"Waal, F. B. M. de (Frans B. M.), 1948-"
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The bonobo and the atheist : in search of humanism among the primates
A renowned primatologist argues that ethical behavior witnessed in animals is the evolutionary and biological origin of human fairness and explains that morality has more to do with natural instincts than with religion.
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Evolved Morality: The Biology and Philosophy of Human Conscience
Morality is often defined in opposition to the natural 'instincts,' or as a tool to keep those instincts in check. New findings in neuroscience, social psychology, animal behavior and anthropology have brought us back to the original Darwinian position that moral behavior is continuous with the social behavior of animals, and most likely evolved to enhance the cooperativeness of society. This interdisciplinary volume debates the origin and working of human morality within the context of science as well as religion and philosophy.
eBook
Are we smart enough to know how smart animals are?
\"People often assume a cognitive ladder, from lower to higher forms, with our own intelligence at the top. But what if it is more like a bush, with cognition taking different forms that are often incomparable to ours? Would you presume yourself dumber than a squirrel because you're less adept at recalling the locations of hundreds of buried acorns? Or would you judge your perception of your surroundings as more sophisticated than that of a echolocating bat? De Waal reviews the rise and fall of the mechanistic view of animals and opens our minds to the idea that animal minds are far more intricate and complex than we have assumed\"--Dust jacket flap.
Book
The primate mind : built to connect with other minds
\"Monkey see, monkey do\" may sound simple, but how an individual perceives and processes the behavior of another is one of the most complex and fascinating questions related to the social life of humans and other primates. In The Primate Mind, experts from around the world take a bottom-up approach to primate social behavior by investigating how the primate mind connects with other minds and exploring the shared neurological basis for imitation, joint action, cooperative behavior, and empathy.
In the past, there has been a tendency to ask all-or-nothing questions, such as whether primates possess a theory of mind, have self-awareness, or have culture. A bottom-up approach asks, rather, what are the underlying cognitive processes of such capacities, some of which may be rather basic and widespread. Prominent neuroscientists, psychologists, ethologists, and primatologists use methods ranging from developmental psychology to neurophysiology and neuroimaging to explore these evolutionary foundations.
A good example is mirror neurons, first discovered in monkeys but also assumed to be present in humans, that enable a fusing between one's own motor system and the perceived actions of others. This allows individuals to read body language and respond to the emotions of others, interpret their actions and intentions, synchronize and coordinate activities, anticipate the behavior of others, and learn from them. The remarkable social sophistication of primates rests on these basic processes, which are extensively discussed in the pages of this volume.
eBook
Good natured : the origins of right and wrong in humans and other animals
Frans de Waal takes on those who have declared ethics uniquely human. Making a compelling case for a morality grounded in biology, he shows that ethical behavior, in humans and animals alike, is as much a matter of evolution as any other trait.
eBook
Peacemaking among primates
Does biology condemn the human species to violence and war? Previous studies of animal behavior incline us to answer yes, but the message of this book is considerably more optimistic. Frans de Waal describes the makeup of our closest animal relatives, and in so doing shows that to humans making peace is as natural as making war.
eBook
هل نحن أذكياء بما يكفي لندرك مدى ذكاء الحيوانات؟
يعد الكتاب عمل رائع يعيد تشكيل طريقة فهمنا للذكاء، ليس فقط في البشر ولكن في الحيوانات أيضا. يسلط الكتاب الضوء على مدى تعقيد السلوك الحيواني، ويطرح تساؤلات عميقة حول قدرتنا كبشر على استيعاب وفهم أشكال الذكاء غير البشرية. يعرض دي وال دراسات حديثة تظهر مدى تعقيد السلوك الحيواني، مثل قدرة الشمبانزي على التعاطف، والغربان على تخطيط المستقبل، والنمل على تنظيم مجتمعاته بطرق فعالة. يوضح الكتاب كيف أن الذكاء تطور بشكل مستقل عبر الأنواع المختلفة، وفقا للاحتياجات الخاصة بكل نوع، بدلا من أن يكون تطورا خطيا يؤدي إلى \"ذكاء بشري\".
Book
Natural conflict resolution
Aggression and competition are customarily presented as the natural state of affairs in both human society and the animal kingdom. Yet, as this book shows, our species relies heavily on cooperation for survival as do many others--from wolves and dolphins to monkeys and apes. A distinguished group of fifty-two authors, including many of the world's leading experts on human and animal behavior, review evidence from multiple disciplines on natural conflict resolution, making the case that reconciliation and compromise are as much a part of our heritage as is waging war. Chimpanzees kiss and embrace after a fight. Children will appeal to fairness when fighting over a toy. Spotted hyenas, usually thought to be a particularly aggressive species, use reconciliation to restore damaged relationships. As these studies show, there are sound evolutionary reasons for these peacekeeping tendencies. This book also addresses the cultural, ecological, cognitive, emotional, and moral perspectives of conflict resolution.
eBook