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"Yang, Hui"
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إنقاذ العباقرة
تدور أحداث الرواية حول الطالب \"مايكل\" عبقري الفيزياء، الذي أسس جمعية للسفر عبر الزمن لإنقاذ عباقرة التاريخ من المصاعب والأزمات التي تعترض اكتشافاتهم العلمية ومسار حياتهم الطبيعية، وتساعده في ذلك صديقته الوحيدة الطالبة \"تشياو تشياو\" والإنسان الآلي \"ريكي\". والذين تتعدد مغامراتهم ما بين الصين القديمة واليونان القديمة وإنجلترا وسويسرا في العصور الوسطى، ويقابلون كلا من: عالم الرياضيات الإغريقي أرشميدس، والفيزيائي البريطاني إسحاق نيوتن، والبطل الشعبي السويسري ويليام تل.
Book
Using generative adversarial network to improve the accuracy of detecting AI-generated tweets
This paper provides a novel approach using state-of-the-art generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) models to enhance the accuracy of machine learning methods in detecting AI-generated texts; the underlying generative capabilities are used along with ensemble-based learning methods for the exact characterization of created text attributes. Four basic steps are involved in the proposed methodology. The first step of the text process is the preprocessing stage itself consisting of several steps for the purification of irrelevant data. These stages include noise removal, text tokenization, removal of stop-words, word normalization, and handling uncommon words. In the next step, feature engineering and text representations are done whereby every preprocessed text is represented by a square matrix. This matrix encapsulates data about word correlations, cooccurrence, and word weights. The third step is Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based feature extraction, using a GAN model to extract efficient features in classifying the texts based on their creator type. After that, it turns the discriminator part into a strong feature extraction model. The fourth step is weighted Random Forest (RF)-based detection, with the features extracted by the discriminator of GAN serving as input to the RF-based detection model. This approach has covered the differences between texts generated by a human and that generated by Artificial Intelligence, with a significant improvement of 99.60% average accuracy, representing a 1.5% improvement against comparative methods.
Journal Article
بيان الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة للجنة المركزية المنبثقة عن المؤتمر الوطني الثامن للحزب الشيوعي الصيني : (أقر في 12 أغسطس-آب-عام 1966)
عقدت الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة للجنة المركزية المنبثقة عن المؤتمر الوطني الثامن للحزب الشيوعي الصيني في بكين من 1 الى 12 أغسطس (آب) عام 1966، وقد ترأس الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة الرفيق ماو تسي تونغ، وحضرها أعضاء اللجنة المركزية وأعضاؤها المرشحون : وحضرها كذلك الرفاق من مختلف المكاتب الاقليمية للجنة المركزية ومن لجان الحزب في المقاطعات والبلديات والمناطق ذات الحكم الذاتي وأعضاء فرقة الثورة الثقافية للجنة المركزية والرفاق في الدوائر المعنية للجنة المركزية وممثلو المدرسين والطلاب الثوريين في الجامعات والمعاهد العليا بالعاصمة . وقد أقرت الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة بعد المناقشة « قرار اللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعي الصيني حول الثورة الثقافية البروليتارية الكبرى » . كما صادقت الدورة العامة بعد النقاش على القرارات السياسية المهمة والاجراءات المهمة فيما يختص بالمسائل الداخلية والخارجية التي أجازها المكتب السياسي للجنة المركزية منذ الدورة العامة العاشرة للجنة المركزية المنبثقة عن المؤتمر الوطني الثامن التي عقدت في سبتمبر (أيلول) عام 1962.
Book
COX-2/sEH Dual Inhibitor Alleviates Hepatocyte Senescence in NAFLD Mice by Restoring Autophagy through Sirt1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR
We previously found that the disorder of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated arachidonic acid (ARA) metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. However, the exact mechanism has not been elucidated. Accumulating evidence points to the essential role of cellular senescence in NAFLD. Herein, we investigated whether restoring the balance of sEH/COX-2-mediated ARA metabolism attenuated NAFLD via hepatocyte senescence. A promised dual inhibitor of sEH and COX-2, PTUPB, was used in our study to restore the balance of sEH/COX-2-mediated ARA metabolism. In vivo, NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) using C57BL/6J mice. In vitro, mouse hepatocytes (AML12) and mouse hepatic astrocytes (JS1) were used to investigate the effects of PTUPB on palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte senescence and its mechanism. PTUPB alleviated liver injury, decreased collagen and lipid accumulation, restored glucose tolerance, and reduced hepatic triglyceride levels in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. Importantly, PTUPB significantly reduced the expression of liver senescence-related molecules p16, p53, and p21 in HFD mice. In vitro, the protein levels of γH2AX, p53, p21, COX-2, and sEH were increased in AML12 hepatocytes treated with PA, while Ki67 and PCNA were significantly decreased. PTUPB decreased the lipid content, the number of β-gal positive cells, and the expression of p53, p21, and γH2AX proteins in AML12 cells. Meanwhile, PTUPB reduced the activation of hepatic astrocytes JS1 by slowing the senescence of AML12 cells in a co-culture system. It was further observed that PTUPB enhanced the ratio of autophagy-related protein LC3II/I in AML12 cells, up-regulated the expression of Fundc1 protein, reduced p62 protein, and suppressed hepatocyte senescence. In addition, PTUPB enhanced hepatocyte autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through Sirt1, contributing to the suppression of senescence. PTUPB inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through Sirt1, improves autophagy, slows down the senescence of hepatocytes, and alleviates NAFLD.
Journal Article
إنقاذ العباقرة /
تدور أحداث الرواية حول الطالب \"مايكل\" عبقري الفيزياء، الذي أسس جمعية للسفر عبر الزمن لإنقاذ عباقرة التاريخ من المصاعب والأزمات التي تعترض اكتشافاتهم العلمية ومسار حياتهم الطبيعية، وتساعده في ذلك صديقته الوحيدة الطالبة \"تشياو تشياو\" والإنسان الآلي \"ريكي\". والذين تتعدد مغامراتهم ما بين الصين القديمة واليونان القديمة وإنجلترا وسويسرا في العصور الوسطى، ويقابلون كلا من: عالم الرياضيات الإغريقي أرشميدس، والفيزيائي البريطاني إسحاق نيوتن، والبطل الشعبي السويسري ويليام تل.
Book
Hydrogels: Properties and Applications in Biomedicine
Hydrogels are crosslinked polymer chains with three-dimensional (3D) network structures, which can absorb relatively large amounts of fluid. Because of the high water content, soft structure, and porosity of hydrogels, they closely resemble living tissues. Research in recent years shows that hydrogels have been applied in various fields, such as agriculture, biomaterials, the food industry, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Along with the underlying technology improvements of hydrogel development, hydrogels can be expected to be applied in more fields. Although not all hydrogels have good biodegradability and biocompatibility, such as synthetic hydrogels (polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol hydrogels, etc.), their biodegradability and biocompatibility can be adjusted by modification of their functional group or incorporation of natural polymers. Hence, scientists are still interested in the biomedical applications of hydrogels due to their creative adjustability for different uses. In this review, we first introduce the basic information of hydrogels, such as structure, classification, and synthesis. Then, we further describe the recent applications of hydrogels in 3D cell cultures, drug delivery, wound dressing, and tissue engineering.
Journal Article
Ionic conductivity and ion transport mechanisms of solid‐state lithium‐ion battery electrolytes: A review
This review article deals with the ionic conductivity of solid‐state electrolytes for lithium batteries. It has discussed the mechanisms of ion conduction in ceramics, polymers, and ceramic‐polymer composite electrolytes. In ceramic electrolytes, ion transport is accomplished with mobile point defects in a crystal. Li+ ions migrate mainly via the vacancy mechanism, interstitial mechanism, or interstitial‐substitutional exchange mechanism. In solid polymer electrolytes, Li+ ions are transported mainly via the segment motion, ion hopping (Grotthuss mechanism), or vehicle mechanism (mass diffusion). This study has also introduced various electrolyte materials including perovskite oxides, garnet oxides, sodium superionic conductors, phosphates, sulfides, halides, cross‐linked polymers, block‐copolymers, metal‐organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, as well as ceramic‐polymer composites. In addition, it has highlighted some strategies to improve the ionic conductivity of solid‐state electrolytes, such as doping, defect engineering, microstructure tuning, and interface modification.
This study gives a comprehensive review of the ionic conductivity of solid‐state electrolytes for lithium batteries. It discusses the mechanisms of ion conduction in ceramics, polymers, and ceramic‐polymer composite electrolytes, and highlights some strategies to improve the ionic conductivity of solid‐state electrolytes.
Journal Article
Shotgun metagenomics reveals both taxonomic and tryptophan pathway differences of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder patients
The microbiota-gut-brain axis, especially the microbial tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis and metabolism pathway (MiTBamp), may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, studies on the MiTBamp in MDD are lacking. The aim of the present study was to analyze the gut microbiota composition and the MiTBamp in MDD patients.
We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of stool samples from 26 MDD patients and 29 healthy controls (HCs). In addition to the microbiota community and the MiTBamp analyses, we also built a classification based on the Random Forests (RF) and Boruta algorithm to identify the gut microbiota as biomarkers for MDD.
The Bacteroidetes abundance was strongly reduced whereas that of Actinobacteria was significantly increased in the MDD patients compared with the abundance in the HCs. Most noteworthy, the MDD patients had increased levels of Bifidobacterium, which is commonly used as a probiotic. Four Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthologies (KOs) (K01817, K11358, K01626, K01667) abundances in the MiTBamp were significantly lower in the MDD group. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between the K01626 abundance and the HAMD scores in the MDD group. Finally, RF classification at the genus level can achieve an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.890.
The present findings enabled a better understanding of the changes in gut microbiota and the related Trp pathway in MDD. Alterations of the gut microbiota may have the potential as biomarkers for distinguishing MDD patients form HCs.
Journal Article
The MdBBX22–miR858–MdMYB9/11/12 module regulates proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in apple peel
Summary
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) have antioxidant properties and are beneficial to human health. The fruit of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), especially the peel, is rich in various flavonoids, such as PAs, and thus is an important source of dietary antioxidants. Previous research on the regulation of PAs in apple has mainly focussed on the transcription level, whereas studies conducted at the post‐transcriptional level are relatively rare. In this study, we investigated the function of mdm‐miR858, a miRNA with multiple functions in plant development, in the peel of apple fruit. We showed that mdm‐miR858 negatively regulated PA accumulation by targeting MdMYB9/11/12 in the peel. During fruit development, mdm‐miR858 expression was negatively correlated with MdMYB9/11/12 expression and PA accumulation. A 5′‐RACE experiment, GUS staining assays and transient luminescent assays indicated that mdm‐miR858 cleaved and inhibited the expression of MdMYB9/11/12. Overexpression of mdm‐miR858 in apple calli, tobacco and Arabidopsis reduced the accumulation of PAs induced by overexpression of MdMYB9/11/12. Furthermore, we found that MdBBX22 bound to the mdm‐miR858 promoter and induced its expression. Overexpression of MdBBX22 induced the expression of mdm‐miR858 to inhibit the accumulation of PAs in apple calli overexpressing MdMYB9/11/12. Under light stress, MdBBX22 induced mdm‐miR858 expression to inhibit PA accumulation and thereby indirectly enhanced anthocyanin synthesis in the peel. The present results revealed that the MdBBX22–miR858–MdMYB9/11/12 module regulates PA accumulation in apple. The findings provide a reference for further studies of the regulatory mechanism of PA accumulation and the relationship between PAs and anthocyanins.
Journal Article