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A major feature of cancer is the heterogeneity, both intratumoral and intertumoral. Traditional single-cell techniques have given us a comprehensive understanding of the biological characteristics of individual tumor cells, but the lack of spatial context of the transcriptome has limited the study of cell-to-cell interaction patterns and hindered further exploration of tumor heterogeneity. In recent years, the advent of spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) technology has made possible the multidimensional analysis of the tumor microenvironment in the context of intact tissues. Different SRT methods are applicable to different working ranges due to different working principles. In this paper, we review the advantages and disadvantages of various current SRT methods and the overall idea of applying these techniques to oncology studies, hoping to help researchers find breakthroughs. Finally, we discussed the future direction of SRT technology, and deeper investigation into the complex mechanisms of tumor development from different perspectives through multi-omics fusion, paving the way for precisely targeted tumor therapy.

The wide variety of crops in the image of agricultural products and the confusion with the surrounding environment information makes it difficult for traditional methods to extract crops accurately and efficiently. In this paper, an automatic extraction algorithm is proposed for crop images based on Mask RCNN. First, the Fruits 360 Dataset label is set with Labelme. Then, the Fruits 360 Dataset is preprocessed. Next, the data are divided into a training set and a test set. Additionally, an improved Mask RCNN network model structure is established using the PyTorch 1.8.1 deep learning framework, and path aggregation and features are added to the network design enhanced functions, optimized region extraction network, and feature pyramid network. The spatial information of the feature map is saved by the bilinear interpolation method in ROIAlign. Finally, the edge accuracy of the segmentation mask is further improved by adding a micro-fully connected layer to the mask branch of the ROI output, employing the Sobel operator to predict the target edge, and adding the edge loss to the loss function. Compared with FCN and Mask RCNN and other image extraction algorithms, the experimental results demonstrate that the improved Mask RCNN algorithm proposed in this paper is better in the precision, Recall, Average precision, Mean Average Precision, and F1 scores of crop image extraction results.

The capability to manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves at the sub-wavelength scale has been enabled by metamaterials and their two-dimensional counterparts, metasurfaces. Especially, integrating two or more diverse functionalities into a single metasurface-based device is of great significance to meet the stringent requirements imposed by today’s high frequency components and systems. Here, we present a dual-band bi-functional metasurface structure that could simultaneously achieve anomalous reflection and transmission at two terahertz (THz) frequencies, respectively, under linearly-polarized incident waves. To demonstrate the property of the proposed metasurface, a number of dual-band bi-functional metasurface-based components that could tailor the reflected and transmitted waves simultaneously are designed and verified numerically. Moreover, it is shown that both the amplitude and phase responses of the reflected and transmitted waves at two operating frequency bands (wavelengths) can be manipulated using the proposed metasurface, providing a new and convenient way to construct multi-functional metasurfaces and corresponding electromagnetic devices.

The mid-infrared (mid-IR) is a strategically important band for numerous applications ranging from night vision to biochemical sensing. Here we theoretically analyzed and experimentally realized a Huygens metasurface platform capable of fulfilling a diverse cross-section of optical functions in the mid-IR. The meta-optical elements were constructed using high-index chalcogenide films deposited on fluoride substrates: the choices of wide-band transparent materials allow the design to be scaled across a broad infrared spectrum. Capitalizing on a two-component Huygens’ meta-atom design, the meta-optical devices feature an ultra-thin profile ( λ 0 /8 in thickness) and measured optical efficiencies up to 75% in transmissive mode for linearly polarized light, representing major improvements over state-of-the-art. We have also demonstrated mid-IR transmissive meta-lenses with diffraction-limited focusing and imaging performance. The projected size, weight and power advantages, coupled with the manufacturing scalability leveraging standard microfabrication technologies, make the Huygens meta-optical devices promising for next-generation mid-IR system applications. Mid-IR optics can require exotic materials or complicated processing, which can result in high cost and inferior quality. Here the authors report the demonstration of high-efficiency mid-IR transmissive lenses based on dielectric Huygens metasurface, showing diffraction limited focusing and imaging performance.

PurposeAlthough materializing the benefits of social media substantially depends on sustained user participation, social media service providers are experiencing a decline in the number of users. Despite the relevance of studying and managing discontinuance behaviors, a systematic empirical investigation remains lacking. The present study draws on the idea of a two-factor model and aims to examine the enabler, inhibitor and their antecedents in the context of social media discontinuance.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed theoretical model was empirically validated through an online survey study of 238 social media users in China.FindingsFindings indicated that two negative outcomes of social media use (i.e. social overload and invasion of privacy) induce regret experience and ultimately foster discontinuance intentions. The development of discontinuance intentions was undermined by the level of inertia, which is rooted in social media habit, sunk costs and affective commitment.Originality/valueThis study draws attention to the fundamental difference between continuance and discontinuance behaviors, advances the existing understanding of postadoption behaviors by focusing on discontinuance inhibitors (e.g. inertia) and develops the first two-factor model for social media discontinuance by integrating the regret and status quo bias literature.

This work focuses on the problem of non-contact measurement for vegetables in agricultural automation. The application of computer vision in assisted agricultural production significantly improves work efficiency due to the rapid development of information technology and artificial intelligence. Based on object detection and stereo cameras, this paper proposes an intelligent method for vegetable recognition and size estimation. The method obtains colorful images and depth maps with a binocular stereo camera. Then detection networks classify four kinds of common vegetables (cucumber, eggplant, tomato and pepper) and locate six points for each object. Finally, the size of vegetables is calculated using the pixel position and depth of keypoints. Experimental results show that the proposed method can classify four kinds of common vegetables within 60 cm and accurately estimate their diameter and length. The work provides an innovative idea for solving the vegetable’s non-contact measurement problems and can promote the application of computer vision in agricultural automation.

With the predicament of sustainable improvement in traditional cities, the low-carbon city pilot policy (LCCPP), as a novel development mode, provides thinking for resolving the tensions of green development, resource conservation and environmental protection among firms. Using Chinese A-share listed companies panel data during 2007–2019, this study adopts the difference-in-differences model to explore the impact of LCCPP on firm green innovation. Based on theoretical analysis, LCCPP-driven environmental rules have the impact of encouraging business green innovation. The relationship between LCCPP and green innovation is strengthened by external media attention and organizational redundancy resources. The mechanism study shows that the incentive effect of LCCPP on firm green innovation is mainly due to the improvement of enterprises’ green total factor productivity and financial stability. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the LCCPP has significantly positive effects in promoting green innovation in high-carbon industries and state-owned enterprises. This research contributes to the understanding of city-level low-carbon policies as a driving force for corporate green innovation, offering practical implications for policymakers and businesses striving for sustainability.

PurposeEmployee voice is crucial for organizations to identify problems and make timely adjustments. However, promoting voice in organizations is challenging. This study aims to investigate how social media use (SMU) in the workplace affects employee voice by examining its intrinsic mechanisms and boundary conditions. Specifically, this study examines the mediating roles of social identifications and the moderating effects of job-social media fit on the relationship between SMU and social identifications.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted a survey of 348 employees in China.FindingsFirst, SMU affects voice through social identifications. Second, distinct identifications have different effects on voice, such that organizational identification positively affects employee voice, while relational identification positively affects promotive voice and negatively affects prohibitive voice. Third, when social media is highly suitable for the job, the positive effect of work-related SMU on organizational identification is strengthened, while the positive effect of social-related SMU on organizational identification is weakened.Originality/valueThe results indicate that different identifications have distinct impacts on voice. Additionally, this study reveals a double-edged sword effect of SMU on voice through different social identifications. Further, job-social media fit moderates the relationship between SMU and social identifications. These findings have important implications for organizations adopting social media.

PurposeDespite the growing use of social media in many organizations, managers face the challenges of how to effectively manage social media usage (SMU) in the workplace to ensure employee creativity. This study combined task-technology fit theory and the interactional perspective of employee creativity to understand the three-way interaction of SMU, perceived task interdependence, and perceived participative leadership on employee creativity.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was designed to test our hypotheses. The sample consisted of employees who use social media in the workplace. A total of 402 valid questionnaires were used for the hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsSMU had the strongest positive relationship with creativity when perceived task interdependence and perceived participative leadership were high. However, we did not find two-way interaction effects of SMU and perceived task interdependence on employee creativity.Originality/valueOur findings are aligned with the emergent view that the benefits of SMU can be better realized when it coexists with a set of complementary team contextual factors. The current study helps extend the contingency perspective and related studies in social media literature and employee creativity research.

Oxidative stress (OS) is a pathological status that occurs when the body’s balance between oxidants and antioxidant defense systems is broken, which can promote the development of many diseases. Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription encoded by NFE2L2, is the master regulator of phase II antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective genes. In this context, Nrf2/ARE signaling can be a compelling target against OS-induced diseases. Recently, natural Nrf2/ARE regulators like dietary flavones have shown therapeutic potential in various acute and chronic diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer. In this review, we aim to summarize nrf2-mediated protective effects of flavones in different conditions. Firstly, we retrospected the mechanisms of how flavones regulate the Nrf2/ARE pathway and introduced the mediator role Nrf2 plays in inflammation and apoptosis. Then we review the evidence that flavones modulated Nrf2/ARE pathway to prevent diseases in experimental models. Based on these literature, we found that flavones could regulate Nrf2 expression by mechanisms below: 1) dissociating the binding between Nrf2 and Keap1 via PKC-mediated Nrf2 phosphorylation and P62-mediated Keap1 autophagic degradation; 2) regulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation by various kinases like AMPK, MAPKs, Fyn; 3) decreasing Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation via activating sirt1 and PI3K/AKT-mediated GSK3 inhibition; and 4) epigenetic alternation of Nrf2 such as demethylation at the promoter region and histone acetylation. In conclusion, flavones targeting Nrf2 can be promising therapeutic agents for various OS-related disorders. However, there is a lack of investigations on human subjects, and new drug delivery systems to improve flavones’ treatment efficiency still need to be developed.