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"العراق"
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The Role of Literacy Events in Developing Iraqi's EFL Skills
Literacy events extract meaning from many sources including written ones. EFL learners might not be aware of the several activities, other than learning, that can help improve their language skills. The current quantitative descriptive study investigated the utilization of English sources outside the classroom. A total of (48) participants answered the survey of this study. The results of the study showed few participants use the target language in their daily life while the majority of the sample use literacy events outside the classroom with a variety of impact of developing their language domains. The study is important for Iraqi EFL teachers because it can be helpful in designing extracurricular activities in the EFL classroom.
Journal Article
The Role of Taxes in Financing the Budget Deficit in Iraq
It is known that most countries, especially advanced ones,. Taxes in developed countries are considered one of the basic tools due to their major role in financing the general budget of the country, as they occupy a high percentage of budget revenues, unlike developing countries, including Iraq, where they occupy a very small percentage. This is due to the weakness of tax systems in it, which helps in the spread of the phenomenon of tax evasion and the lack of financial resources in the general budget and the widening of, working to reform the tax systems and work to activate the role of taxes in the tax sector in Iraq would lead to reducing the effects resulting from weak tax financing. Thus, the research was divided into three sections. The first section came with the theoretical framework of the study, then the second section, which dealt with the reality and importance of taxes in Iraq and their role in addressing the budget deficit and the necessity of developing and improving collection systems. To reach the section The third includes the most important conclusions and recommendations reached by the research.
Journal Article
العمارة ما بعد العولمة وتداعيات الخطاب المعماري في المدينة العراقية المعاصرة = Architecture post globalization and the collapsing of Architectural Iraqi city
يشتمل الكتاب في فصله الثالث أكثر الفصول تأثيرا لواقع عاشه المواطن العراقي من خلال ما يشاهده من خراب وبناء عشوائي أفسد جمال المدينة العراقية وجعلها أشبه بالكانتونات التي تفتقد لأبسط مقومات الحياة، فلا ماء ولا كهرباء ولا دوائر لضبط الأمن ولا مراكز صحية، بعد غياب القانون واستفحال السلطات الهامشية التي تدير مراكز القوى المهيمنة إضافة إلى النمو السرطاني لمافيات الفساد وعصابات الجريمة المنظمة التي عاثت في الوطن فسادا ودمرته نحرا ومما يحسب للمؤلف أنه زين مؤلفه بالصور التوضيحية الملونة التي تعين القارئ على الاستفادة القصوى من موضوعاته النافعة في الفصل الأول يتحدث المؤلف عن العمارة ما بعد العولمة، متناولا المهاد التأريخي لهذا الفن الحضاري الذي بدأه الغرب وتحديدا من مدرسة شيكاغو إذ يقول د. نصيرالحسيني : انشغل العالم بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية بعمارة الحداثة ومن ثم استمر الجدل حول مفهوم العمارة ما بعد الحداثة وخاصة نهاية القرن العشرين, وبداية القرن الواحد والعشرين, واحتدم الجدل حول المفاهيم الجديدة في العمارة والتي بدأت من الغرب وتحديدا من مدرسة شيكاغو, ومختصرها أن الشكل يتبع المضمون ويحاول المؤلف تقديم إضاءة تاريخية مهمة لتطور العمارة بعد التيار الكلاسيكي الذي استخدم المفردات الإغريقية واليونانية من العصور السحيقة إذ صنفت العمارة.
Book
بلاد الرافدين : ثوابت الجغرافيا وصور التعايش
يتناول كتاب (بلاد الرافدين : ثوابت الجغرافيا وصور التعايش) والذي قام بتأليفه (رشيد الخيون) في حوالي (355) صفحة من القطع المتوسط موضوع (جغرافية العراق) مستعرضا المحتويات التالية : الفصل الأول : في الجغرافيا والسياسة، الفصل الثاني : كوامن المذهبية والعرقية، الفصل الثالث : الناس شركاء في الأوطان، الفصل الرابع : العامة أحوالها وفراهيدها وفنونها، الفصل الخامس : التعايش الديني، الفصل السادس : التعايش بين المذاهب، الفصل السابع : الهاجس القومي، الفصل الثامن : البصرة بوابة العراق البحرية ونعمته.
Book
A Discourse Analysis Study of Tourism Language in Travel Blogs
The study investigates the language of tourism in selected English travel blogs about Iraq. The language of tourism in these blogs plays a crucial role in influencing and shaping perceptions of the destination. If the language of tourism is not effectively employed, it can negatively affect the representation of the country, thereby influencing the tourism industry and diminishing its appeal. Located in the field of discourse analysis, the study delves into a detailed analysis of the travel experiences and the evaluative language used to appraise the elements of tourism. There is a notable gap in the linguistic analysis of Iraq as a travel destination within online travel blogs. The study aims to uncover how linguistic choices are strategically employed to construct Travellers' experiences. It seeks to uncover the evaluate language used to represent the destination while also providing insights into the explicit and implicit evaluations. A mixed methods approach is used to analyse five travel blogs about Iraq. The study adapts an eclectic model based on Systemic Functional Linguistics, particularly the Ideational and Interpersonal meanings. The ideational meaning is explored through the Transitivity system by Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), while the interpersonal meaning is derived from the Attitude system by Martin and White (2004). The study hypothesises that material processes are the predominant type used in tourism language. The evaluative language are mostly positive, and the elements of tourism are realised through the inscription of attitude. The study also suggests that the use of emotional resources is lesser than the other resources with emphasis on Propriety, Tenacity and Valuation. It concludes that the strategic allocation of the three elements of transitivity influences the way the destination is perceived. Additionally, travel blogs, as a type of tourism discourse, utilise the language to effectively communicate a stances towards the destination. Finally, the structure of travel blogs focuses on providing an objective account of the experiences in Iraq by delivering a descriptive rather than emotional narrative.
Journal Article