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\"The Dragon in the Cockpit enhances the mutual understanding between Western aviation human-factors practitioners and the Chinese aviation community by describing some of the fundamental Chinese cultural characteristics pertinent to the field of flight safety\"--Provided by publisher.

Background This study investigated the relationship between psychological stress and subjective well-being among aviation ground crews, with a focus on the mediating roles of social support and self-esteem. Methods In this cross-sectional investigation, 533 ground crew members completed validated assessments, including the Stress Self-evaluation Test, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Self-liking/Self-competence Scale-Revised, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Statistical analyses were performed via R software and Mplus. Results (1) Single participants presented significantly lower subjective well-being than married individuals did ( p  = 0.001, Cohen’s d  = 0.349). (2) Psychological stress ( r = – 0.527, p  < 0.001), social support ( r  = 0.579, p  < 0.001), and self-esteem ( r  = 0.678, p  < 0.001) were significantly correlated with subjective well-being. (3) Three distinct mediation pathways emerged: the social support-mediated pathway, self-esteem-mediated pathway, and a chain-mediating effect through social support-self-esteem. Conclusions Psychological stress was significantly associated with reduced subjective well-being in aviation ground crews, with tentative evidence of mediation through social support and self-esteem. Interventions targeting these psychosocial resources may improve well-being, but require further validation.

Understanding and accurately measuring resilience among Chinese civil aviation pilots is imperative, especially concerning the psychological impact of distressing events on their well-being and aviation safety. Despite the necessity, a validated and tailored measurement tool specific to this demographic is absent. Addressing this gap, this study built on the widely used CD-RISC-25 to analyze and modify its applicability to Chinese civil aviation pilots. Utilizing CD-RISC-25 survey data from 231 Chinese pilots, correlational and differential analyses identified items 3 and 20 as incongruent with this population's resilience profile. Subsequently, factor analysis derived a distinct two-factor resilience psychological framework labeled “Decisiveness” and “Adaptability”, which diverged from the structure found in American female pilots and the broader Chinese populace. Additionally, to further accurately identify the measurement characteristics of this 2-factor measurement model, this study introduced Generalized Theory and Item Response Theory, two modern measurement analysis theories, to comprehensively analyze the overall reliability of the measurement and issues with individual items. Results showed that the 2-factor model exhibited high reliability, with generalizability coefficient reaching 0.89503 and dependability coefficient reaching 0.88496, indicating the 2-factor measurement questionnaire can be effectively utilized for relative and absolute comparison of Chinese civil aviation pilot resilience. However, items in Factor 2 provided less information and have larger room for optimization than those in Factor 1, implying item option redesign may be beneficial. Consequently, this study culminates in the creation of a more accurate and reliable two-factor psychological resilience measurement tool tailored for Chinese civil aviation pilots, while exploring directions for optimization. By facilitating early identification of individuals with lower resilience and enabling the evaluation of intervention efficacy, this tool aims to positively impact pilot psychological health and aviation safety in the context of grief and trauma following distressing events.

In-flight medical emergencies (IMEs) can have severe outcomes, including the deaths of passengers and aircraft diversions. Information is lacking regarding the incidence rate and characteristics of IMEs in most countries, especially in mainland China. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence, patterns, and associated risk factors of IMEs in mainland China and to provide medical suggestions for the evaluation and management of IMEs. This population-based retrospective study examined electronic records for all IME reports between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, from a major airline company in mainland China. Outcome variables included the medical category of the IMEs, the outcomes of first aid, and whether or not the IMEs led to a flight diversion. We calculated the incidence rate and death rate of IMEs based on the number of passengers and flights, respectively. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the factors associated with aircraft diversions. A total of 199 IMEs and 24 deaths occurred among 447.2 million passengers, yielding an incidence rate of 0.44 (95% CI 0.39-0.51) events per million passengers and 66.56 (95% CI 50.55-86.04) events per million flights, and an all-cause mortality rate of 0.05 (95% CI 0.03-0.07) events per million passengers and 7.50 (95% CI 4.81-11.16) events per million flights. From 2018 to 2022, the highest incidence and mortality rates were observed in 2019 and 2020, respectively, while the lowest were in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Additionally, the highest incidence and mortality rates were observed between 6 PM to 6 AM and noon to 6 PM, respectively. There was a higher incidence rate of IMEs in the winter months. Moreover, the highest case-fatality rates were observed in 2019 (12/74, 16.2%), on flights traveling ≥4000 km (9/43, 20.9%), and on wide-body planes (10/52, 19.2%). Seizures (29/199, 14.6%), cardiac symptoms (25/199, 12.6%), and syncope or presyncope (19/199, 9.6%) were the most common medical problems and main reasons for aircraft diversion. The incidence of aircraft diversion was 42.50 (95% CI 37.02-48.12) events per million flights. Narrow-body planes (odds ratio [OR] 5.69, 95% CI 1.05-30.90), flights ≥4000 km (OR 16.40, 95% CI 1.78-151.29), and the months of December to February (OR 12.70, 95% CI 3.09-52.23), as well as the months of March to May (OR 23.21, 95% CI 3.75-143.43), were significantly associated with a higher risk of diversion. The occurrence of and deaths associated with IMEs are rare in mainland China, but a temporal trend shows higher incidence rates at night and in winter. The leading IMEs are cardiac symptoms, seizures, and syncope. The establishment of a unified reporting system for IMEs and ground-to-air medical support are of great value for reducing IMEs and deaths in the global community.

Nissan is accelerating plans to go more green. The automaker announced it will spend nearly $18 billion of the next five years to add twenty new battery-powered cars to its lineup. That matches similar targets made by rivals in the U.S. and Europe earlier this year. Nissan said some of the vehicles would run just on battery like the LEAF which debuted more than a decade ago.