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This book aims to provide a new, linguistically grounded typology of speech and thought representation in English on the basis of the systematic study of deictic, syntactic and semantic properties of authentic examples drawn from literary as well as non-literary sources. In the area beyond direct and indirect speech or thought, 'free indirect discourse' has often been implicitly treated as a residual category that can accommodate anything that is neither one nor the other. This book takes a fresh look at the evidence in the area of deixis, particularly through a close study of pronoun and proper name use, and proposes to distinguish the more character-oriented free indirect type from a narrator-oriented 'distancing' indirect type, which is grammatically wholly structured from the narrator's deictic standpoint. Unlike free indirect representations, which coherently represent the character's viewpoint, the distancing indirect type sees narrators appropriating character discourse for their own purposes, which may for instance be ironic. The distinctions thus drawn shed new light on the much debated 'dual voice' approach to free indirect discourse. Included in the scope of this book are subjectified uses of clauses such as I think, which no longer primarily construe a cognition process, but rather come to function as hedges. Such speaker-encoding uses are argued to involve an interpersonal type of structure, not based on complementation, whereas the non-subjectified cases receive an interclausal complementation analysis which does not have recourse to the problematic notion of 'reporting verb'. This monograph is mainly of interest to researchers and graduate students interested in the syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of reported speech viewed from a constructional perspective.

Sin embargo, es comprensible el uso del término desde la perspectiva de la lingüística (deixis, demostración, punto de referencia) por el rol de la persona hablante. La versión de 2015 reconoce como arte de la escritura a este género o modalidad que varios periodistas hemos cultivado en Chile, cada uno con su sello y matices, ya sea por la forma de usar las citas -que pueden ser parafraseadas, de preferencia textuales o combinadas-, o por el uso o exclusión de las atribuciones. Hay autores que prefieren o aceptan ocultar el nombre verdadero de sus informantes, reserva que no solo resta veracidad y confianza a la investigación, sino que desmerece el género, por la ausencia de compromiso del hablante, que no se hace cargo de sus dichos y es sin embargo usado como fuente anónima por el autor. 3.EL YO SOCIAL El habla y la memoria son facultades de apropiación personal, que en lo esencial solo están restringidas por algún tipo de anormalidad mental y comunicativa. Ella partía conmigo cerro arriba para hacer campamento y comer unos pájaros que vuelan sobre el mar y contestan desde su nido en la tierra cuando una persona les silba.

The structural focus of linguistics has led to a static and modular treatment of meaning. Viewing language as practice allows us to transcend the boundaries of subdisciplines that deal with meaning and to integrate the social indexicality of variation into this larger system. This article presents the expression of social meaning as a continuum of decreasing reference and increasing performativity, with sociolinguistic variation at the performative extreme. The meaning potential of sociolinguistic variables in turn is based in their form and their social source, constituting a cline of ‘interiority’ from variables that index public social facts about the speaker to more internal, personal affective states.

The idea of this book on \"Neglected Aspects of Motion- Event Description\" comes from the observation that, over the last 30 years, much attention has been devoted to the manner/path divide in relation to the distinction between Verb-Framed and Satellite-Framed languages.

Deixis as a field of research has generated increased interest in recent years. It is crucial for a number of different subdisciplines: pragmatics, semantics, cognitive and contrastive linguistics, to name just a few. The subject is of particular interest to experts and students, philosophers, teachers, philologists, and psychologists interested in the study of their language or in comparing linguistic structures. The different deictic structures – not only the items themselves, but also the oppositions between them – reflect the fact that neither the notions of space, time, person nor our use of them are identical cross-culturally. This diversity is not restricted to the difference between languages, but also appears among related dialects and language varieties. This volume will provide an overview of the field, focusing on Romance languages, but also reaching beyond this perspective. Chapters on diachronic developments (language change), comparisons with other (non-)European languages, and on interfaces with neighboring fields of interest are also included. The editors and authors hope that readers, regardless of their familiarity with Romance languages, will gain new insights into deixis in general, and into the similarities and differences among deictic structures used in the languages of the world.

The paper explores the use of person and empathetic deixis in the institutional discourse within an interdisciplinary landscape. It underpins a corpus-based approach, focusing on texts on COVID19 pertaining to the World Health Organization. Our aim is to demonstrate that deictic pronominals have collective self-reference, expressing solidarity and empathy.

The usage of deixis in sermons, especially in Islam, has been understudied. This study investigated deixis in Friday sermons by Muslim preachers in Yemen using pragmatics and discourse analysis. The shape, purpose, feature, and frequency of the three main categories of deixis (personal, spatial, and temporal) were analyzed. The researcher translated 65 Yemeni-Arab sermons into English from offline and internet sources. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed in the study. The results showed that these three forms of deixis were often found in each corpus, with the personal type predominating and pointing to many context-dependent referents. Preachers employed deixis to structure discourse and for pragmatic reasons. Deictic terms were employed to engage listeners and structure discourse.

Recent developments in the study of language in society have moved the field increasingly away from linear models toward complex models. The complexity of timespace as an aspect of what is called context is of key importance in this development, and this article engages with two possibly useful concepts in view of this: chronotope and scale. Chronotope can be seen as invokable chunks of history that organize the indexical order of discourse; scale, in turn, can be seen as the scope of communicability of such invocations. Thus, whenever we see chronotopes, we see them mediated by scales. The cultural stuff of chronotopes is conditioned by the sociolinguistic conditions of scale. This nuanced approach to timescale contextualization offers new directions for complexity-oriented research in our fields.

El uso del lenguaje inclusivo en español cuenta con adeptos y detractores. Especialmente estos últimos utilizan argumentos gramaticales para censurar su uso. Sin embargo, un análisis pragmático tiene mayor poder explicativo del fenómeno. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el lenguaje inclusivo, especialmente los desdoblamientos de género y la marca en -e, desde un enfoque pragmático en lugar de utilizar argumentos gramaticales para caracterizarlo. Se propone una interpretación del uso del lenguaje inclusivo como una deixis personal de género a semejanza de las lenguas que indican el sexo de los participantes en el acto de comunicación. Actuar sobre el género con finalidad inclusiva responde a un uso del género formal en los casos en los que puede considerarse referencial, en los referentes humanos, para convertirlo en un género deíctico. Informar sobre el participante en la conversación responde a la necesidad que sienten los hablantes de señalar a la segunda persona (tú). Los mismos argumentos pragmáticos se pueden aplicar tanto para el análisis de los desdoblamientos de género como para el uso de la marca en -e. Con este trabajo se defiende la idea de que el uso del lenguaje inclusivo no consiste en que los hablantes descuiden las normas gramaticales de su lengua, sino que se propone que aprovechan precisamente sus conocimientos gramaticales para expresar exactamente lo que quieren decir.   El uso del lenguaje inclusivo en español cuenta con adeptos y detractores. Especialmente estos últimos utilizan argumentos gramaticales para censurar su uso. Sin embargo, un análisis pragmático tiene mayor poder explicativo del fenómeno. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el lenguaje inclusivo, especialmente los desdoblamientos de género y la marca en -e, desde un enfoque pragmático en lugar de utilizar argumentos gramaticales para caracterizarlo. Se plantea el uso del lenguaje inclusivo como una deixis personal de género a semejanza de las lenguas que indican el sexo de los participantes en el acto de comunicación.  Actuar sobre el género con finalidad inclusiva responde a un uso del género formal en los casos en los que puede considerarse referencial, en los referentes humanos, para convertirlo en un género deíctico. Informar sobre el participante en la conversación responde a la necesidad que sienten los hablantes de señalar a la segunda persona (tú). Los mismos argumentos pragmáticos se pueden aplicar tanto para el análisis de los desdoblamientos de género como para el uso de la marca en -e. Con este trabajo se defiende la idea de que el uso del lenguaje inclusivo no consiste en que los hablantes descuiden las normas gramaticales de su lengua, sino que se propone que aprovechan precisamente sus conocimientos gramaticales para expresar exactamente lo que quieren decir.