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"Democracy Pakistan 21st century."
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Pakistan's Enduring Challenges
From the start of the U.S. war in Afghanistan in 2001 to the withdrawal of U.S. troops in 2014, Pakistan's military cooperation was critical to the United States. Yet Pakistani politics remain a source of anxiety for American policymakers. Despite some progress toward democratic consolidation over the last ten years, Pakistan's military still asserts power over the country's elected government. Pakistan's western regions remain largely ungoverned and home to the last remnants of al-Qaeda's original leadership as well as multiple militant groups that have declared war on the Pakistani state. The country's economy is in shambles, and continuing tensions with India endanger efforts to bring a durable peace to a region haunted by the distant threat of nuclear war.
Pakistan's Enduring Challengessurveys the political and economic landscape of Pakistan in the wake of U.S. military withdrawal. Experts in the domestic and international affairs of the region consider the country's prospects from a variety of angles, including security issues and nuclear posture, relations with Afghanistan, India, and the United States, Pakistan's Islamist movements, and the CIA's use of drone warfare in Pakistan's tribal areas. This timely volume offers a concise, accessible, and expert guide to the currents that will shape the country's future.
Contributors: Christopher Clary, C. Christine Fair, Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, Karl Kaltenthaler, Feisal Khan, William J. Miller, Aparna Pande, Paul Staniland, Stephen Tankel, Tara Vassefi, Sarah J. Watson, Joshua T. White, Huma Yusef.
eBook
Electoral Politics in Pakistan: First Half Decade of the 21st Century
The elections in Pakistan did not come upto the international criteria of “free and fair” long before Gen. Pervez Musharraf took over in a military coup in the October 1999. The era of military rule of Pervez Musharraf meant that elections were held regularly and their impartiality was often challenged. The privacy of the ballot in the elections under Musharraf has not always been preserved and applies by election commission of Pakistan due to the influence of local feudal and tribal leaders, who hadrepeatedly cooperated for the free will of voters. The military regime had frequently placed severe restrictions on the rights of people to the freedom of expression, assembly, movement and association. Pervez Musharraf had pledged the nation to hand over the power to elected representatives of Pakistan after the completion of the process of accountability and started the process of giving power to the people by holding elections of local bodies that followed the presidential referendum in the next year and general elections. He introduced a new local bodies system in 2000 and after the completion of his first four year term with success he undertook new local bodies elections in 2005 and in this way held four elections in five years, two local bodies one referendum and a general election of 2002 all in pursuit of political legitimacy of his dictatorship. The electoral development in Pakistan in the first half decade of 21st century in very important to analyze for the understanding of the electoral politics of the 2nd decade of the 21st century in Pakistan.
Journal Article
21st Century Socialism in Pakistan?
Three Marxist political parties in Pakistan are coming together to merge into one party of the left. In retreat for many decades, this is an important first step for the revival of left-wing politics in Pakistan and strengthening the democratic politics of the country. A participant in this unity move explains the context and the challenges for the new united party of the left in Pakistan.
Journal Article