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La schistosomiase a Schistosoma haematobium ou bilharziose uro-génitale est une parasitose chronique causée par le Schistosoma haematobium. Au monde, au moins 206,5 millions de personnes avaient besoin d'un traitement en 2016. Le traitement préventif, qui devrait se répéter sur certain nombre d'années, permettra de réduire et de prévenir la morbidité. La transmission de la schistosomiase est avérée dans 78 pays. Cependant, la chimiothérapie préventive pour la schistosomiase, oü les gens et les communautés sont ciblés pour un traitement a grande échelle, est seulement nécessaire dans 52 pays d'endémie modérée a forte transmission. En plus, 112 millions de personnes seraient infectées par le Schistosoma haematobium dont 80 millions sous sa forme morbide, causant 150.000 déces par an. Apres notre étude et analyse, nous avons constaté que sur un total de 50 échantillons, 8 étaient positif soit 16% et 42 négatifs soit 84%. Ainsi, la fréquence des œufs de Schistosoma haematobium était évaluée a 16% pendant notre étude.

Objetivo: evaluar las complicaciones de la biopsia renal percutánea con base en los resultados e indicadores clínicos de la Nursing Outcomes Classification. Método: estudio longitudinal prospectivo. La muestra fue de 13 pacientes a los que se les realizó biopsia renal percutánea, con 65 evaluaciones. Los pacientes fueron evaluados en cinco momentos en las 24 horas posteriores al procedimiento, utilizando un instrumento desarrollado por los investigadores con base en cinco resultados (Coagulación sanguínea, Estado circulatorio, Severidad de la pérdida de sangre, Nivel de dolor, Estado de comodidad: física) y 11 indicadores. Se utilizó la Prueba de Ecuación de Estimación Generalizada para comparar los puntajes de los indicadores. El proyecto fue aprobado por el comité ético institucional. Resultados: en las 65 evaluaciones, se identificó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la reducción de los puntajes de los resultados de enfermería Coagulación sanguínea, indicador “hematuria”; Estado circulatorio, en los indicadores “presión arterial sistólica y presión arterial diastólica” y en el Estado de comodidad: física, en el indicador de “bienestar físico”. Conclusión: los pacientes evaluados no presentaron mayores complicaciones. Los indicadores clínicos apuntaban a cambios en el estado circulatorio, con reducción presión arterial, así como en la coagulación sanguínea verificada por hematuria, pero sin inestabilidad hemodinámica. El estado de comodidad se vio afectado por el tiempo de descanso posterior al procedimiento.

Purpose This study aimed to discuss the correlation between gross hematuria and postoperative upstaging (from T1 to T3a) in patients with cT1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and to compare oncologic outcomes of partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with gross hematuria. Methods A total of 2145 patients who met the criteria were enrolled in the study (including 363 patients with gross hematuria). The least absolute selection and shrinkage operator logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk factor of postoperative pathological upstaging. The propensity score matching (PSM) and stable inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis were used to balance the confounding factors. The Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model were used to assess the prognosis. Results Gross hematuria was a risk factor of postoperative pathological upstaging (odds ratio [OR] = 3.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.44–6.42; P < 0.001). After PSM and stable IPTW adjustment, the characteristics were similar in corresponding patients in the PN and RN groups. In the PSM cohort, PN did not have a statistically significant impact on recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.48; 95% CI 0.25–8.88; P = 0.67), metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.24; 95% CI 0.33–4.66; P = 0.75), and overall survival (HR = 1.46; 95% CI 0.31–6.73; P = 0.63) compared with RN. The results were confirmed in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Although gross hematuria was associated with postoperative pathological upstaging in patients with cT1 ccRCC, PN should still be the preferred treatment for such patients.

Abstract Objectives This study sought to determine the proportion of nonsurgical inpatients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (AMH) who qualified for urologic investigation according to consensus guidelines. Methods The study population included all patients acutely admitted to the internal medicine departments of Israeli regional hospitals between 2014 and 2017. Results Of 29,086 consecutive admissions, 10,116 (34.8%) underwent dipstick urinalysis and 8,389 (28.8%) underwent reflex microscopic urinalysis. After the exclusion of patients with a urethral catheter or a positive urine culture, 2,206 had 3 or more RBCs per high-power field, and as many as 2,052 (7.1% of the entire cohort and 24.4% of all patients undergoing microscopic urinalysis) met the criteria for a urologic workup. Conclusions We conclude that according to the consensus guidelines, an unreasonably high proportion of hospitalized nonsurgical patients would be referred for a urologic workup of uncertain clinical utility because of an incidental AMH finding.

This study assessed the efficacy of palliative radiotherapy for gross hematuria caused by advanced cancer. Patients who received palliative radiotherapy to control gross hematuria in two hospitals between October 2006 and May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated the gross hematuria response, gross hematuria control duration, blood transfusion rate, blood transfusion-free duration, and overall survival. Cox multivariate analysis was performed to examine factors associated with hematuria control duration. Fifty-three consecutive patients were included. The most frequently used dose fractionation regimen was 30 Gy in 10 fractions (BED 10  = 39 Gy), followed by 20 Gy in 5 fractions (BED 10  = 20 Gy). Forty patients (76%) became gross hematuria free. The median hematuria control duration was 4.3 months (95% confidence interval 1.9–6.6). Twenty-six patients received blood transfusion 3 months before radiotherapy; 17 of them (65%) were free from blood transfusion 1 month after radiotherapy. A high BED 10 (≥ 36 Gy) was a statistically significant factor for hematuria control duration in the multivariate analysis ( P  = 0.02). Palliative radiotherapy can effectively relieve gross hematuria irrespective of the primary tumor site. A high BED 10 may be recommended for a prolonged hematuria control duration if patients have a good prognosis.

BackgroundX-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) caused by COL4A5 pathogenic variants usually has heterogeneous phenotypes in female patients. The genetic characteristics and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) morphological changes in women with XLAS need to been further investigated.MethodsA total of 83 women and 187 men with causative COL4A5 variants were enrolled for comparative analysis.ResultsWomen were more frequently carrying de novo COL4A5 variants compared with men (47% vs 8%, p=0.001). The clinical manifestations in women were variable, and no genotype–phenotype correlation was observed. Coinherited podocyte-related genes, including TRPC6, TBC1D8B, INF2 and MYH9, were identified in two women and five men, and the modifying effects of coinherited genes contributed to the heterogeneous phenotypes in these patients. X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) analysis of 16 women showed that 25% were skewed XCI. One patient preferentially expressing the mutant COL4A5 gene developed moderate proteinuria, and two patients preferentially expressing the wild-type COL4A5 gene presented with haematuria only. GBM ultrastructural evaluation demonstrated that the degree of GBM lesions was associated with the decline in kidney function for both genders, but more severe GBM changes were found in men compared with women.ConclusionsThe high frequency of de novo variants carried by women indicates that the lack of family history tends to make them susceptible to be underdiagnosed. Coinherited podocyte-related genes are potential contributors to the heterogeneous phenotype of some women. Furthermore, the association between the degree of GBM lesions and decline in kidney function is valuable in evaluating the prognosis for patients with XLAS.

Glomerular hematuria is a cardinal symptom of renal disease. Glomerular hematuria may be classified as microhematuria or macrohematuria according to the number of red blood cells in urine. Recent evidence suggests a pathological role of persistent glomerular microhematuria in the progression of renal disease. Moreover, gross hematuria, or macrohematuria, promotes acute kidney injury (AKI), with subsequent impairment of renal function in a high proportion of patients. In this pathological context, hemoglobin, heme, or iron released from red blood cells in the urinary space may cause direct tubular cell injury, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and further monocyte/macrophage recruitment. The aim of this manuscript is to review the role of glomerular hematuria in kidney injury, the role of inflammation as cause and consequence of glomerular hematuria, and to discuss novel therapies to combat hematuria.