Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
166,603
result(s) for
"Land development"
Sort by:
Land-sharing vs. land-sparing urban development modulate predator–prey interactions in Europe
Urban areas are expanding globally as a consequence of human population increases, with overall negative effects on biodiversity. To prevent the further loss of biodiversity, it is urgent to understand the mechanisms behind this loss to develop evidence-based sustainable solutions to preserve biodiversity in urban landscapes. The two extreme urban development types along a continuum, land-sparing (large, continuous green areas and highdensity housing) and land-sharing (small, fragmented green areas and low-density housing) have been the recent focus of debates regarding the pattern of urban development. However, in this context, there is no information on the mechanisms behind the observed biodiversity changes. One of the main mechanisms proposed to explain urban biodiversity loss is the alteration of predator–prey interactions. Using ground-nesting birds as a model system and data from nine European cities, we experimentally tested the effects of these two extreme urban development types on artificial ground nest survival and whether nest survival correlates with the local abundance of ground-nesting birds and their nest predators. Nest survival (n = 554) was lower in land-sharing than in land-sparing urban areas. Nest survival decreased with increasing numbers of local predators (cats and corvids) and with nest visibility. Correspondingly, relative abundance of ground-nesting birds was greater in land-sparing than in landsharing urban areas, though overall bird species richness was unaffected by the pattern of urban development. We provide the first evidence that predator–prey interactions differ between the two extreme urban development types. Changing interactions may explain the higher proportion of ground-nesting birds in land-sparing areas, and suggest a limitation of the land-sharing model. Nest predator control and the provision of more green-covered urban habitats may also improve conservation of sensitive birds in cities. Our findings provide information on how to further expand our cities without severe loss of urban-sensitive species and give support for land-sparing over land-sharing urban development.
Journal Article
Integrating land development size, pattern, and density to identify urban–rural fringe in a metropolitan region
ContextLocated between urban area and rural area, urban–rural fringe is challenged with urbanization related social-ecological problems. Accurately identifying the urban–rural fringe can help to integrated urban–rural development planning, especially in metropolitan region. Among the various case studies to identify the urban–rural fringe, land use degree and impervious surface area are widely used. However, both indexes are only focused on land development size, resulting in coarse identifying results.ObjectivesIt is aimed to propose a three-dimensional approach to integrating land development size, pattern and density, in order to accurately identifying the urban–rural fringe.MethodsLandsat TM and DMSP/OLS datasets were used to establish a three-dimensional index system consisting of land development size (LDS), land development pattern (LDP) and land development density (LDD). Self-Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) was applied to identify the urban–rural fringe of Beijing City, China.ResultsFrom 2001 to 2009, the inner boundary of the urban–rural fringe had expanded to outside the fifth ring road. Likewise, the outer boundary moved from the fifth to the sixth ring road. The new urban development zone was the main area of urban expansion controlled by urban planning, where the increments of urban–rural fringe was 1273.5 km2, accounting for 75.24% of the whole city. Partial correlation analysis indicated that LDS played a leading role in SOFM clustering, but the spatial continuity of the urban–rural fringe was the best when it was integrated with LDP and LDD, especially the latter to comprehensively define and quantify land development intensity.ConclusionsThe integration of land development size, pattern and density is effective to quantify land development intensity, and thus to identify the urban–rural fringe in metropolitan regions.
Journal Article
Land Degradation and Development Processes and Their Response to Climate Change and Human Activity in China from 1982 to 2015
Land degradation and development (LDD) has become an urgent global issue. Quick and accurate monitoring of LDD dynamics is key to the sustainability of land resources. By integrating normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and net primary productivity (NPP) based on the Euclidean distance method, a LDD index (LDDI) was introduced to detect LDD processes, and to explore its quantitative relationship with climate change and human activity in China from 1985 to 2015. Overall, China has experienced significant land development, about 45% of China’s mainland, during the study period. Climate change (temperature and precipitation) played limited roles in the affected LDD, while human activity was the dominant driving force. Specifically, LDD caused by human activity accounted for about 58% of the total, while LDD caused by climate change only accounted for 0.34% of the total area. Results from the present study can provide insight into LDD processes and their driving factors and promote land sustainability in China and around the world.
Journal Article
The coupling coordination relationship and promotion path of green economic efficiency and urban land development intensity: based on the case study of 283 prefecture-level cities
The coordination and interaction of green economy efficiency (GEE) and urban land development intensity (ULDI) constitute a critical pathway toward achieving sustainable urban development. However, few studies have directly analyzed the coupling and coordinated mechanisms between GEE and ULDI, examining the coupling and coordinated relationship between GEE and ULD, and most have overlooked the interdependencies among the factors influencing their coordination. Focusing on 283 prefecture-level cities in China, this study constructs a comprehensive research framework, which includes analyzing interactive mechanisms between GEE and ULDI, evaluating the coupling and coordination degree between the two using a coupling coordination degree model, and identifying the driving factors and their configuration effects through the time-series qualitative comparative analysis (TSQCA) method. The results indicate that the coupling and coordination degree between GEE and ULDI in China increased from 0.479 in 2003 to 0.594 in 2019, with an average annual growth rate of approximately 1.34%, suggesting that China is currently in a transitional phase. The necessary condition analysis reveals that no single factor—whether governmental, market-based, or societal—constitutes a necessary condition for achieving high levels of coupling coordination. Five configurations promoting high coupling coordination and one configuration leading to non-high coupling coordination were identified. Based on these findings and the realities of Chinese cities, a Chinese paradigm of tripartite synergy among government, market, and society is proposed to promote the sustainable and coordinated development of GEE and ULDI.
Journal Article
Integrating Ecosystem Service Values into Urban Planning for Sustainable Development
Urbanization, despite driving regional economic growth, has led to significant disparities in development levels among cities. Many studies have made valuable suggestions for ecological conservation in economically underdeveloped regions. However, for medium-level cities with large economic development needs, the question of how to strike a balance between development and conservation in land development patterns is a critical issue to be addressed. By integrating ecosystem services assessment models and land use prediction models, we proposed a framework for guiding future land-use strategies based on ecosystem service values, using Jiaxing City as a case study. Firstly, we assessed and mapped the current status of ecosystem services value. Then, we simulated the land use distribution pattern and ecosystem services value under three development strategies: inertial development, cropland protection, and ecological development. Eventually, we determined the optimal urban land development pattern. The results showed that the total ecosystem service value for Jiaxing is CNY 124.82 billion, with climate regulation, water conservation, and flood mitigation contributing the most. The ecological development strategy yields the highest service value, with a 0.81% increase compared to the current situation, while the cropland protection and inertial development strategies result in decreases of 0.73% and 10.93%, respectively. Furthermore, the ecological strategy expands high-value service areas, concentrated in the northern river network and southern hilly regions. These findings offer valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers in formulating sustainable strategies and integrating ecosystem service values into economic policies to promote urban development.
Journal Article