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"Madeleine Albright"
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Biden credits Albright for 'strong' NATO
“Her name is still synonymous with America as a force for good in the world,” President Biden said in his eulogy of former secretary of state Madeleine Albright on April 27.
Streaming Video
Madeleine Albright: Negotiating Gender at Home and Abroad
As the first female United States Secretary of State, Madeleine K. Albright redefined the role of America’s top diplomat. While Albright’s prolific foreign policy achievements are well documented, there has been little analysis of the negotiation style that contributed to her accomplishments. This article argues that Secretary Albright’s negotiation style was formed, at least in part, by the need to respond to her counterparts’ gender‐based stereotypes. Albright managed those stereotypes in two ways: by leveraging them in her negotiations, and by framing her assertiveness so as to avoid a counter stereotypic backlash. How exactly she did so is the focus of this article. Using two case studies from Albright’s tenure as Secretary of State, I draw generalizable lessons for other negotiators looking not only to mitigate, but also exploit, the gender‐based assumptions that they face.
Journal Article
Madeleine Albright eulogized by Biden, Clintons and family
Guests remembered the life of former secretary of state Madeleine Albright at her funeral on April 27.
Streaming Video
Stay the Hand of Vengeance
International justice has become a crucial part of the ongoing political debates about the future of shattered societies like Bosnia, Kosovo, Rwanda, Cambodia, and Chile. Why do our governments sometimes display such striking idealism in the face of war crimes and atrocities abroad, and at other times cynically abandon the pursuit of international justice altogether? Why today does justice seem so slow to come for war crimes victims in the Balkans? In this book, Gary Bass offers an unprecedented look at the politics behind international war crimes tribunals, combining analysis with investigative reporting and a broad historical perspective. The Nuremberg trials powerfully demonstrated how effective war crimes tribunals can be. But there have been many other important tribunals that have not been as successful, and which have been largely left out of today's debates about international justice. This timely book brings them in, using primary documents to examine the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars, World War I, the Armenian genocide, World War II, and the recent wars in the former Yugoslavia.
Bass explains that bringing war criminals to justice can be a military ordeal, a source of endless legal frustration, as well as a diplomatic nightmare. The book takes readers behind the scenes to see vividly how leaders like David Lloyd George, Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, and Bill Clinton have wrestled with these agonizing moral dilemmas. The book asks how law and international politics interact, and how power can be made to serve the cause of justice.
Bass brings new archival research to bear on such events as the prosecution of the Armenian genocide, presenting surprising episodes that add to the historical record. His sections on the former Yugoslavia tell--with important new discoveries--the secret story of the politicking behind the prosecution of war crimes in Bosnia, drawing on interviews with senior White House officials, key diplomats, and chief prosecutors at the war crimes tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. Bass concludes that despite the obstacles, legalistic justice for war criminals is nonetheless worth pursuing. His arguments will interest anyone concerned about human rights and the pursuit of idealism in international politics.
eBook
PRESIDENT CLINTON’S NONINTERVENTION IN THE RWANDA GENOCIDE
This research analyzes Clinton’s decision to not intervene in the Rwandan genocide. The methodology used is a historical analysis and interpretation of primary and secondary source material. Clinton admitted that not intervening in the Rwandan genocide was one of the greatest regrets of his presidency. There was not a substantial amount of domestic support for an intervention into Rwanda and Clinton did not attempt to use his influence to change that disposition. Clinton did not attempt to change domestic sentiments due to his priorities of reduced funding for foreign operations and the avoidance of ‘mission creep.’ The most common fault in the current historiography is the claim that Clinton did not intervene in Rwanda because of the failed mission that had recently occurred in Somalia, which does not align with the available evidence. Upon leaving office, he accepted ownership of his poor decisions and expressed sincere regret.
Esta investigación analiza la decisión de Clinton de no intervenir en el genocidio de Ruanda. La metodología utilizada es un análisis histórico de la materia de fuente primaria y secundaria, y una interpretación de ese material. Clinton admitió que no intervenir en el genocidio de Ruanda fue el mayor pesar de su presidencia. No hubo una cantidad sustancial de apoyo interno para una intervención en Ruanda y Clinton no intentó usar su influencia para cambiar esa disposición. Clinton no intentó cambiar los sentimientos internos debido a sus prioridades de reducción de fondos para operaciones en el extranjero y evitar el avance de la misión. La falla más común en la historiografía actual es la afirmación de que Clinton no intervino en Ruanda debido a la misión fallida que había ocurrido recientemente en Somalia, lo que no se alinea con la evidencia disponible. Al dejar el cargo, aceptó la propiedad de sus malas decisiones y expresó su sincero pesar.
本研究分析了克林顿总统在卢旺达大屠杀中采取的不干预决策。使用历史分析法并对原始资料和次级文献加以诠释。克林顿承认，未干预卢旺达大屠杀一事是其在位期间最大的遗憾。彼时就干预卢旺达大屠杀一事并没有大量的国内支持，并且克林顿没有试图使用其影响力来改变这一倾向。鉴于其将重点聚焦于减少外交行动所需资金和避免“使命偏离”，克林顿也没有试图改变国内情绪。当前历史编篡学中最常见的错误论断则是，克林顿因之前在索马里的行动失败而并未干预卢旺达大屠杀，但这与可获得的证据不一致。任期结束时，克林顿承认了其糟糕的决策并表达了由衷的遗憾。
Journal Article
Supporting Women’s Leadership Development in Global Health through Virtual Events and Near-Peer Networking
Women leaders have gained increasing attention during the COVID-19 pandemic for their positive influence on health and unique abilities to manage a global crisis, but women continue to face significant barriers to reaching and maintaining leadership positions. We developed a virtual leadership program to promote the experiences of women leaders in global health in different disciplines and career paths to develop concrete recommendations for young women and their institutions. This program includes a speaker series, interactive working groups, and a near-peer networking platform. In 2020, five global leaders spoke to over 1,300 unique attendees representing 44 countries and shared their leadership experiences and key lessons learned. Leaders urged young women to take advantage of unexpected opportunities rather than follow discrete plans; build bridges with each other to foster diversity and inclusion; find their passions; and bolster 'essential skills' (i.e., communication and self-awareness). A brief online survey was circulated after each event. Seventy-nine percent of respondents (n = 158) agreed or strongly agreed that they have a greater understanding of solutions to combat challenges that women face in global health leadership and 54% (n = 107) of respondents reported that the event strengthened their network. The virtual approaches employed by this program in combination with the pandemic lockdown likely provided a unique opportunity to recruit high-level speakers and focus financial resources on communication and outreach. This type of programming can support a diverse cadre of women leaders including those with intersecting identities that are often marginalized or historically invisible in leadership ranks.
Journal Article
An Appreciation Of A Life In Times Of Former Secretary Of State Madeleine Albright
There was something indomitable about Madeleine Albright, who died this past week at age 84. History will remember her as the first woman to serve as America's Secretary of State, while the fashionistas will forever swoon over her brooches. Flowers or balloons meant she was optimistic; turtles or crabs signified exasperation. During the 1990s and beyond, Albright was our star-spangled Hammer of Democracy, a Theodore Roosevelt big-power realist, with an Eleanor Roosevelt-infused human rights disposition.
Transcript
Madeleine Albright's Legacy
Madeleine Albright became Secretary of State in 1997, at the time, the highest ranking woman ever in American government. Albright rose from U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations where she backed NATO bombing to hold war crimes against Bosnian Muslims. She had a reputation for tough talk like this after Cuba shot down two U.S. civilian planes flown by exiles. Albright was born in Czechoslovakia in 1937.
Transcript