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Organizing framework Physical stores can exploit five strategic levers (curation, experience, frictionless, social, and fulfillment) to create excellence in four overarching areas (product, customer, operational, and locational), as depicted in Fig. 1 and defined in Table 1 . [...]locational excellence entails putting stores in the right places for target customer segments, along with maintaining a strong online presence. [...]smart fitting rooms that offer recommendations and seamlessly bring new selections to the shopper without leaving the fitting room can reduce frustration and even support frictionless shopping. [...]by adding digital links in the fitting room that allow shoppers to share pictures with their friends, the in-store experience of trying on clothes can transform into a social event. (2023) similarly highlight curation strategies that blend selection and context to create a “glocal retailscape,” in which customers can connect authentically and locally with global brands.

•We assess revenue impact of adding bricks-and-mortar stores as a transaction channel.•We analyze frequency and size of orders, returns, and exchanges.•Store introduction mostly cannibalizes catalog sales frequency.•Store introduction increases returns and exchanges, and lifts total revenue by 20%. A crucial decision firms face today is which channels they should make available to customers for transactions. We assess the revenue impact of adding bricks-and-mortar stores to a firm's already existing repertoire of catalog and Internet channels. We decompose the revenue impact into customer acquisition, frequency of orders, returns, and exchanges, and size of orders, returns, and exchanges. We use a multivariate baseline method to assess the impact of adding the physical store channel on these revenue components. As hypothesized, store introduction cannibalizes catalog sales and has much less impact on Internet sales. Also as hypothesized, returns and exchanges increase. Interestingly, transaction sizes of purchases, returns, and exchanges do not change. The “availability effect” produces a net increase in purchase frequency across channels. This more than compensates for increased returns, producing a net increase in revenues of 20% by adding the store channel. Our findings yield a deeper understanding of the revenue relation between channels, and of the dynamic cross-channel effects of marketing actions.

How can a mainstream, high-street retail brand offer an aspirational and elevated shopping experience whilst still maintaining reasonable price perceptions? In this study we suggest that a subtle glamour aesthetic is an effective way to provide this experience. We draw on a qualitative, multi-method, ethnographic study of a UK lifestyle brand, The White Company, a brand that offers affordable luxury to its customers. Our study reveals the presence of a subtle glamour aesthetic within the retail brandscape, which operates as an affective force to elevate and enhance the brand. Its utilisation enables the brand to distinguish itself from competitors, whilst still offering affordability to its middle-class market. We show that glamour is used with moderation by the brand, as too much glamour would be at odds with its positioning in the marketplace and customer expectations. However, the discreet presence of subtle glamour enables the brand to elevate its products and enchant its customers. Three key branding outcomes of staging subtle glamour are identified, which we describe as: 1) staging the fascinating effect; 2) staging the promise of transformation and escape; and 3) staging the concealment of effort. We explore each of these in relation to material and discursive aspects, and importantly, how customers experience each of these staging practices. We conclude by offering suggestions for other high-street retailers on how a subtle glamour aesthetic can be used to provide customers with an enchanting and elevated shopping experience.

[Display omitted] •We study retailers’ store management actions and subsequent profitability.•Net store closings (NSC) are a sufficient measure of store management actions.•Ten contingent factors help explain the complex relationship between NSC and profit.•Eight factors reflecting retailer competencies and resources are internal moderators.•Two factors reflecting the retail environment are external moderators. Retailers constantly face the decision of whether to close existing stores and/or to open new ones. Closing a store may reduce a retailer’s costs, while opening a new store may increase revenue. Thus, it is far from obvious which action yields the maximum profit. Furthermore, retailers need to align these store-by-store tactical decisions with their overall distribution strategies to achieve a superior performance. Using a sample of 157 public retailers from 1999 to 2015, this study examines how store closings and openings are associated with retailer profitability. To complement extant research, we construct a parsimonious measure that captures a retailer’s store management decision, namely, net store closings (NSC). Drawing on the contingency theory of organizations, we develop a comprehensive framework that studies the moderating roles of retailer competencies, retailer resources, and retail environment. Through panel fixed effects estimation, we identify ten contingent factors that significantly moderate the relationship between NSC and profit. Specifically, e-tail experience, total experience, receivables intensity, retailer innovativeness, industry e-tail prevalence, and industry concentration positively moderate the association between NSC and subsequent profitability, while inventory turnover, sales force intensity, capital intensity, and firm size negatively moderate this association. In addition, we explore how individual measures (i.e., store closings and store openings) are associated with retailer profitability and find consistent results. Anecdotal and statistical evidence indicates that NSC is a sufficient measure of store management actions. The study has important implications for how retailers should manage their channel distribution strategies and resource allocation decisions.

To assess the impact of a new government-subsidized supermarket in a high-need area on household food availability and dietary habits in children. A difference-in-difference study design was utilized. Two neighbourhoods in the Bronx, New York City. Outcomes were collected in Morrisania, the target community where the new supermarket was opened, and Highbridge, the comparison community. Parents/caregivers of a child aged 3-10 years residing in Morrisania or Highbridge. Participants were recruited via street intercept at baseline (pre-supermarket opening) and at two follow-up periods (five weeks and one year post-supermarket opening). Analysis is based on 2172 street-intercept surveys and 363 dietary recalls from a sample of predominantly low-income minorities. While there were small, inconsistent changes over the time periods, there were no appreciable differences in availability of healthful or unhealthful foods at home, or in children's dietary intake as a result of the supermarket. The introduction of a government-subsidized supermarket into an underserved neighbourhood in the Bronx did not result in significant changes in household food availability or children's dietary intake. Given the lack of healthful food options in underserved neighbourhoods and need for programmes that promote access, further research is needed to determine whether healthy food retail expansion, alone or with other strategies, can improve food choices of children and their families.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the micro-linkages fostering consumers’ e-loyalty in grocery retailers B2C e-commerce context. Specifically, the authors focused on the neglected role of security, privacy and website design. Grocery retailing has been selected as the context of research because grocery retailers too have been required to develop B2C e-commerce platforms to meet their consumers’ evolving preferences.Design/methodology/approachA survey was distributed to several students from University of Florence (Italy). Structural equation modeling was used to compile the research, and its results reflect the impact on e-loyalty development on specific features of the e-commerce environment.FindingsThe main findings of this research are related with the importance of website characteristics as antecedents of e-loyalty in online grocery retailing.Originality/valueAlbeit the explored phenomenon has been subject to extensive study, some of its facets are yet to be fully explored. In particular, though the influence of e-trust, e-satisfaction and e-commitment on e-loyalty has been shown, little attention has been paid to the factors affecting these three antecedents of e-loyalty. In this regard, this research focuses on the importance of B2C e-commerce platform characteristics such as security, perceived relationship investment and website design. In addition, the phenomenon was scarcely explored in grocery retailers B2C e-commerce context.

Purpose Design is an important construct in the retail environment literature. Yet, the measures used for design have not followed appropriate scale development procedures. The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual definition and then develop a scale for retail environment design (RED). Design/methodology/approach Interviews with both consumers and marketing researchers are used to generate a potential list of items. Using four different studies, these items are refined, and the RED scale is offered. Findings This study develops and validates the four-dimensional RED scale to measure the design of retail environments. The dimensions are functional, aesthetic, lighting and signage. Research limitations/implications The newly developed RED scale will allow retailing researchers to measure lighting and signage qualities as part of retail design, measure design of retail environments more accurately and allow different studies to be compared. Practical implications The newly developed RED scale will allow retailers to better understand customers’ perceptions of the four dimensions of design. Retailers spend significant time and money designing and redesigning retail environments. The RED scale will enable managers to ensure these significant investments create competitive advantages and an appropriate return on investment. Originality/value A scale to measure retail environment design is developed. The scale includes two dimensions (lighting and signage) that are not typically investigated.

•Retailer performance (P) has a U-shaped relationship with retailer internationalization (I).•The I–P relationship is steeper for non-grocery versus grocery retailers.•The I-P relationship also steepens with more extensive digitalization.•Non-grocery retailers gain more benefits from internationalization and channel digitalization than grocers do. This study investigates the interplay between two critical phenomena in retailing, i.e., internationalization and digitalization, while accounting for retail sector differences. On one hand, internationalization allows retailers to access a wider range of markets, and on the other, digital channel expansion enhances customer reach and convenience within international markets. More specifically, we examine the relationship between retailer internationalization and performance (I-P relationship), and how this relationship is contingent upon the idiosyncrasies of retail sectors (i.e., grocery vs. non-grocery), digitalization, and their combined effects. Building on the liability of foreignness perspective, we first argue that the I-P relationship is U-shaped, because internationalizing retailers initially incur greater costs in their international expansion owing to their unfamiliarity with foreign markets, but as their foreign presence increases, they benefit from greater market power, experience, and scale economies. Then, we contend that as grocers suffer from higher levels of liability of foreignness due to increased requirements for host country embeddedness, non-grocers benefit more from internationalization with any gains and losses further amplified by digitalization. Hypotheses are tested against a panel of the 234 largest international retailers in the world over a 21-year period (1997–2017) and findings support the conjectures. [Display omitted]

The authors consider how uncertainty over protest occurrence shapes the strategic interaction between companies and activists. Analyzing Wal-Mart, the authors find support for their theory that companies respond to this uncertainty through a \"test for protest\" approach. In Wal-Mart's case, this consists of low-cost probes in the form of new store proposals. They then withdraw if they face protests, especially when those protests signal future problems. Wal-Mart is more likely to open stores that are particularly profitable, even if they are protested. This uncertainty-based account stands in sharp contrast to full-information models that characterize protests as rare miscalculations. Adapted from the source document.

Abstract Background In recent years, the development of online retail has faced difficulties, intensified competition and reduced dividends. At the same time, the development situation of offline retail is still grim, retail enterprises are forced to transform, and the new retail format of deep integration of online and offline has developed rapidly in China. Fresh hippo is its typical representative. It implements the sales model of “supermarket + catering”, and stores provide fresh retail, processing and takeout services. Studying the spatial layout of fresh HEMA store can provide a scientific reference for the location of new retail enterprises. This study examines the influence mechanism of consumer emotion and emotion from the perspective of consumer psychology. Subjects and methods Using the POI data of 2021 Beijing fresh blood horse store, the spatial distribution of fresh blood horses was described by standard deviation ellipse analysis, buffer analysis, kernel density estimation and average nearest neighbor index. Combined with consumer psychology, this paper discusses the factors affecting their location choice, and uses binary logistic model to verify it. At the same time, in order to verify the impact of spatial layout on consumers' emotion, this study uses relevant scales to investigate. (1) Positive emotion scale. The Panas emotion scale developed by Wason and others is widely used to measure emotion. The scale includes two dimensions of positive emotion and negative emotion as measurement indicators. There are 6 questions in this dimension, which are scored by Likert 5 points (1 means “very inconsistent”, 5 means “very consistent”, the same below). In this study, the clonbach coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.90. (2) Motivation scale. The topic of measuring motivation mainly refers to the entrepreneurial motivation scale compiled by Phan, which has 8 questions and adopts Likert's 5-point scoring. (3) Social support scale. The scale is adapted from the social support scale prepared by Ye Yuemei and others. It has 8 questions and is scored by Likert 5 points. Clone Bach of the scale α the coefficient is 0.87. (4) Behavioral propensity scale. Entrepreneurial orientation dimension in intention measurement [4]. The scale has 6 questions and is scored by Likert 5 points. The clonbach coefficient of the scale is 0.95. Results The fresh blood horse shop was distributed in the Northeast southwest direction around the center of Beijing, with a low high low radial distribution; Its high-value core density area is located between the second ring road and the Fourth Ring Road in Beijing, close to large commercial areas or communities, presenting a multi center structure. The distribution of stores is mutually exclusive and scattered. In urban areas, the location of stores is greatly affected by the population, subway traffic environment and store rent level, while the distribution of traditional retail competitors has little impact, which can meet the convenience needs of consumers Conclusions “Supermarket + catering” new retail stores should increase the layout of residents' activity places such as main business districts and office buildings, and launch convenience stores that more meet the needs of the site; Strengthen the layout of the suburbs and reduce the operation cost of stores while occupying the new retail market in the suburbs; Increase the layout in areas with convenient transportation, take advantage of transportation advantages, expand the distribution scope, consider the distribution of competitors in space, and avoid excessive competition, so as to optimize the layout of stores and expand enterprise profits. The suggestions of this paper can not only provide reference for the spatial layout and location improvement of “supermarket + catering” new stores, but also provide reference for the layout of other new stores, which has certain practical significance. However, the research scope of this paper is relatively small. This will be improved in future research. In short, the important influence of spatial layout design factors on consumers' emotions should be fully taken into account, the changes of their psychological emotions and behaviors and their impact on positive and active behaviors should be actively concerned, and efforts should be made to tune builders, managers, coordinators and collaborators. Acknowledgments Supported by a project grant from the key project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission’s Social Science Program “Research on the Reasonable Utilization of Space for Evacuation and Retreat in Beijing” (SZ201910011004), the key project of the National Social Science Fund “Study on the extended trend, structural causes and countermeasures of currency fluctuations in the new era”; and Beijing Philosophy and Society Phased Achievements of Scientific Capital Circulation Industry Research Base (JD-YB-2021-40).