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A Multicenter Randomized Trial to Determine the Effect of an Environmental Disinfection Intervention on the Incidence of Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of an environmental disinfection intervention on the incidence of healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). DESIGN A multicenter randomized trial. SETTING In total,16 acute-care hospitals in northeastern Ohio participated in the study. INTERVENTION We conducted a 12-month randomized trial to compare standard cleaning to enhanced cleaning that included monitoring of environmental services (EVS) personnel performance with feedback to EVS and infection control staff. We assessed the thoroughness of cleaning based on fluorescent marker removal from high-touch surfaces and the effectiveness of disinfection based on environmental cultures for C. difficile. A linear mixed model was used to compare CDI rates in the intervention and postintervention periods for control and intervention hospitals. The primary outcome was the incidence of healthcare-associated CDI. RESULTS Overall, 7 intervention hospitals and 8 control hospitals completed the study. The intervention resulted in significantly increased fluorescent marker removal in CDI and non-CDI rooms and decreased recovery of C. difficile from high-touch surfaces in CDI rooms. However, no reduction was observed in the incidence of healthcare-associated CDI in the intervention hospitals during the intervention and postintervention periods. Moreover, there was no correlation between the percentage of positive cultures after cleaning of CDI or non-CDI rooms and the incidence of healthcare-associated CDI. CONCLUSIONS An environmental disinfection intervention improved the thoroughness and effectiveness of cleaning but did not reduce the incidence of healthcare-associated CDI. Thus, interventions that focus only on improving cleaning may not be sufficient to control healthcare-associated CDI. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:777-783.
Journal Article
Performance management for dummies
\"A step-by-step guide to designing and implementing a state-of-the-science performance management system in your business. Learn to develop it, assess how it's working, improve your leadership skills, and help your employees grow.\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Project management metrics, KPIs, and dashboards
Harold Kerzner's essential strategies on measuring project management performance With the growth of complex projects, stakeholder involvement, and advancements in visual-based technology, metrics and KPIs (key performance indicators) are key factors in evaluating project performance. Dashboard reporting systems provide accessible project performance data, and sharing this vital data in a concise and consistent manner is a key communication responsibility of all project managers. This third edition of Kerzner's groundbreaking work, Project Management Metrics, KPIs, and Dashboards: A Guide to Measuring and Monitoring Project Performance, helps functional managers gain a thorough grasp of what metrics and KPIs are and how to use them. Plus, this edition includes new sections on processing dashboard information, portfolio management PMO and metrics, and BI tool flexibility. Offers comprehensive coverage of the different dashboard types, design issues, and applications Provides full-color dashboards from some of the most successful project management companies, including IBM, Microsoft, and others Aligns with PMI's PMBOK® Guide and stresses value-driven project management PPT decks are available by chapter and a test bank will be available for use in seminar presentations and courses Get ready to bolster your awareness of what good metrics management really entails today-and be armed with the knowledge to measure performance more effectively.
eBook
Impacts of platform-based CBL on undergraduate nursing students’ academic performance, self-efficacy, clinical decision-making and critical thinking abilities: A cluster randomized controlled trial
To compare the effects of traditional and platform-based case-based learning (CBL) on undergraduate nursing students’ academic performance, self-efficacy, clinical decision-making and critical thinking abilities.
Traditional CBL can improve students’ academic performance but faces challenges in the era of “Internet + education.” It is unclear whether platform-based CBL is as effective as traditional CBL.
Cluster randomized controlled trial.
A total of 88 undergraduate nursing students from two classes were recruited using cluster sampling and separated into two groups by class. The control group (n = 45) received traditional CBL, and the experimental group (n = 43) received platform-based CBL. Academic performance, self-efficacy, clinical decision-making, critical thinking disposition and experimental group’s learning records from the online platform were evaluated.
No difference was found between the two groups in overall academic performance, but formative evaluation and final examination scores in the course differed. Compared with the control group, the experimental group presented significant differences in self-efficacy and clinical decision-making. There was no difference between the total clinical thinking disposition scores; however, truth-seeking, systematicity and self-confidence exhibited significant differences. Concerning student progression, all experimental students advanced from “Grade I” to “Grade V” or “Grade IV”. The usability questionnaire’s average score regarding the platform was 77.03 (SD 7.43) and the top dimension was teaching utility.
Compared with traditional CBL, platform-based CBL may better enhance self-efficacy and clinical decision-making abilities in nursing undergraduate students.
Journal Article
Competency mapping and assessment : a practitioner handbook
\"This book provides an in-depth coverage on competency mapping and assessment centre - it includes an extensive list of generic competencies, competency models for HR, leadership, model for future competency, automobile sector, and academic institutions and experiences of some consultancy assignments. It presents the complete know-how of the developing competency framework in detail for all practitioners and professionals. The volume examines 'what, why, how' on the subject and extensive support models that have been developed over years of research, consultancy, and training experience across private, public and government sectors in India, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Nepal, UK and other countries. The book has been designed to help scholars and practitioners to understand, develop, manage, and map competencies with their organizations. The chapters are illustrated with figures and tables, along with examples, for a better understanding. The glossary of job task analysis will be helpful in job analysis, which is one of the most important tasks in developing competency models. The volume would be useful to both the academic and corporate world. The students, researchers, and faculty of Business Management courses especially those specializing in Human Resource Management will have in- depth understanding of 'What and Why' of Competency Frameworks, Models and Assessment Centre. It will also be an essential resource for Corporates - Public and Private sector, multi-national organizations, Staff Training Institutions, Learning & Development Centres, Consultancy firms, Trainers, Government and Public Service organizations etc. to have hands on understanding of 'How' of developing Competency Framework, Competency mapping and Assessment centre in their organizations\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
A One-Stage Model of Abatement Innovation in Cournot Duopoly: Emissions vs Performance Standards
This paper evaluates the comparative performance of emission and performance standards in a one-stage game of abatement R&D and Cournot duopoly, in terms of R&D propensity, output and social welfare. For each standard, firms simultaneously select R&D and output levels, given the standard’s exogenous constraint. A performance standard generates higher R&D investments and output, but lower profit, than the pollution-equivalent emissions standard. The same conclusion extends to social welfare only under high demand. We also conduct a similar comparison for each of the two instruments across the one-stage and the two-stage models. The two-stage model leads to higher levels of R&D and industry output for both standards. The same conclusion applies to the social welfare comparison for the emissions standard. However, for the performance standard, the same conclusion requires a damage parameter below a given threshhold. When the standards are chosen to maximize welfare, the performance comparison becomes highly parameter-dependent, except that social welfare is higher for the performance standard. Some policy implications are discussed.
Journal Article
An embedded checklist in the Anesthesia Information Management System improves pre-anaesthetic induction setup: a randomised controlled trial in a simulation setting
BackgroundAnaesthesiologists work in a high stress, high consequence environment in which missed steps in preparation may lead to medical errors and potential patient harm. The pre-anaesthetic induction period has been identified as a time in which medical errors can occur. The Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation has developed a Pre-Anesthetic Induction Patient Safety (PIPS) checklist. We conducted this study to test the effectiveness of this checklist, when embedded in our institutional Anesthesia Information Management System (AIMS), on resident performance in a simulated environment.MethodsUsing a randomised, controlled, observer-blinded design, we compared performance of anaesthesiology residents in a simulated operating room under production pressure using a checklist in completing a thorough pre-anaesthetic induction evaluation and setup with that of residents with no checklist. The checklist was embedded in the simulated operating room's electronic medical record.ResultsData for 38 anaesthesiology residents shows a statistically significant difference in performance in pre-anaesthetic setup and evaluation as scored by blinded raters (maximum score 22 points), with the checklist group performing better by 7.8 points (p<0.01). The effects of gender and year of residency on total score were not significant. Simulation duration (time to anaesthetic agent administration) was increased significantly by the use of the checklist.ConclusionRequired use of a pre-induction checklist improves anaesthesiology resident performance in a simulated environment. The PIPS checklist as an integrated part of a departmental AIMS warrant further investigation as a quality measure.
Journal Article