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"Separation (Psychology)"
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Why do families change? : our first talk about separation and divorce
\"A nonfiction picture book that introduces very young children to the concept of separation and divorce in a resassuring and straightforward way.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Depression, anxiety, and stress in polycystic ovary syndrome: understanding the impact of adult separation anxiety and uncertainty intolerance
Objective
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting up to 10% of women of reproductive age, with significant physical and psychological consequences. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of adult separation anxiety in women with PCOS. The secondary objective was to investigate the relationship between ASA (Adult Separation Anxiety) symptoms and the levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and intolerance of uncertainty.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 114 women with PCOS. Participants were administered the Sociodemographic Data Form, Adult Separation Anxiety Scale (ASA-27), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with Mann-Whitney U, chi-square tests, and Spearman correlations (significance set at
p
< 0.05).
Results
The findings revealed that 28.9% of women with PCOS exhibited separation anxiety symptoms above the cut-off score of 25. These symptoms were significantly correlated with elevated levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and intolerance of uncertainty. Moreover, individuals with separation anxiety above the cut-off score demonstrated notably higher levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and intolerance of uncertainty compared to those below the cut-off score. They also exhibited greater rates of clinical symptoms such as weight gain, acne, and infertility, as well as higher levels of testosterone, DHEAS, and LH/FSH ratio.
Conclusion
Adult separation anxiety may be relatively common among women with PCOS and may be linked to both psychological distress and hormonal/metabolic characteristics.These findings suggest that considering ASA during psychological assessments of PCOS could be valuable and warrant further investigation through longitudinal research.
Journal Article
The mediating role of attachment in panic disorder and separation anxiety disorder
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of attachment on the relationship between Panic Dısorder (PD) and Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder (ASAD).
Methods
76 patients with PD, who consecutively applied to the Psychiatry outpatient clinic of Rize Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital between 1 April 2023 and 1 December 2023, and 79 healthy individuals were included in the study. The Panic Agoraphobia Scale (PAS), Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA), and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) were administered to the participants who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.
Results
In the study, it was found that the prevalence of ASAD was statistically significantly higher in patients with PD (66%) than in healthy individuals (34%) (
p
< 0.05). In the model created to examine the mediating effect of attachment on the relationship between PD and ASAD, it was observed that only ASAD had a direct effect on the development of PD (β = 0.063, 95% CI: 0.053, 0.306,
p
= 0.006). On the other hand, it was found that attachment styles did not play a mediating role in this relationship, either directly or indirectly (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusion
The study found that the prevalence of ASAD and insecure attachment problems was higher in patients with PD compared to healthy individuals. It was observed that there was no mediating effect of attachment in the relationship between PD and ASAD. On the other hand, it was determined that ASAD had a direct effect on the development of PD.
Journal Article
Relationship between social anxiety and separation anxiety symptoms with insistence on sameness with the mediating role of sensory hypersensitivity
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social communication and interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, and sensory processing abnormalities. These core features are often accompanied by comorbid anxiety disorders. However, the sequence and mechanisms of these associations warrant further investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship of social anxiety and separation anxiety on insistence on sameness, mediated by sensory hypersensitivity.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study based on caregiver reports of 247 children, aged 7 ̶ 11 years. The parents completed the Autism Quotient-Children’s Version (AQ-C), the Repetitive Behavior Questionnaire-2 (RBQ-2), the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), and the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent Version (SCAS-P).
Results
The path analysis revealed a significant indirect effect of social anxiety and separation anxiety on insistence on sameness via sensory hypersensitivity (
p
≤ 0.05). However, neither social anxiety nor separation anxiety had a significant direct effect on insistence on sameness (
p
= 0.108 and
p
= 0.342, respectively).
Conclusions
Based on the results, the mediated association of sensory hypersensitivity with the relationship between social anxiety, separation anxiety, and insistence on sameness was observed. The article discusses the theoretical explanations and implications of the results, as well as various manifestations of anxiety symptoms in children with ASD.
Journal Article
Psychological strains after the crisis: evaluating separation anxiety among Iranian children and adolescents in the post-COVID-19 era
Objectives
The objective of this study was to specifically investigate Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD), as one of the noteworthy disorders within the spectrum of anxiety disorders, among children and adolescents, after overcoming the crises caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Efforts were also made to identify socio-demographic factors that could be associated with changes in SAD level and also to assess the effect of different constituting dimensions of SAD on the severity of this disorder.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the parents of 317 (7-13-year-old) Iranian students, who were selected through a multi-stage random sampling method in the city of Shiraz. During the interviews, socio-demographic data were collected, and subsequently, SAD symptoms and dimensions were assessed using the Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale (Parent Version) (SAAS-P) questionnaire. Later, employing the Partition Around Medoids (PAM) statistical method, the participants were categorized into two groups with low and high levels of SAD. Also, to understand the interaction between the different dimensions of SAD, the network analysis method was employed. Finally, univariate analysis and logistic regression were utilized, with a significance level of 0.05, to determine potential associating factors with the level of SAD.
Results
The sample included 128 girls and 189 boys with a mean age of 9.63 ± 2.63 and 9.63 ± 1.95 years respectively. Based on the PAM method, 51.1% of the participants presented a high level of SAD. According to network analysis, it was demonstrated that the “fear of abandonment” dimension plays a central role in high levels of SAD. Based on logistic regression, female gender, age ≥ 10 years, parents’ unacademic educational background, mother’s employment, and child’s history of physical/mental problems were significantly associated with the high level of SAD.
Conclusions
A considerable number of the participants in this study presented a high level of SAD with the “fear of abandonment” being a key influential dimension of elevated levels of this disorder. Maternal employment, female gender, child’s history of health issues, and low parental education were identified as important contributors to the high SAD level. Considering these factors allows for more effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. However, the need for further studies remains crucial.
Journal Article
Oxytocin-dependent consolation behavior in rodents
Consolation behavior toward distressed others is common in humans and great apes, yet our ability to explore the biological mechanisms underlying this behavior is limited by its apparent absence in laboratory animals. Here, we provide empirical evidence that a rodent species, the highly social and monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), greatly increases partner-directed grooming toward familiar conspecifics (but not strangers) that have experienced an unobserved stressor, providing social buffering. Prairie voles also match the fear response, anxiety-related behaviors, and corticosterone increase of the stressed cagemate, suggesting an empathy mechanism. Exposure to the stressed cagemate increases activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, and oxytocin receptor antagonist infused into this region abolishes the partner-directed response, showing conserved neural mechanisms between prairie vole and human.
Journal Article