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"Smart materials"
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Materials for design
Over the last ten years there has been a huge growth in the area of materials for design, but most books on this subject deal with advanced, semi-formed materials (that is, materials sold as sheet, rod, tube, etc.). This book provides much-needed information on the raw materials, and the low-down on how these can be used.
Book
Advances in the smart materials applications in the aerospace industries
Purpose
Smart materials also called intelligent materials are gaining importance continuously in many industries including aerospace one. It is because of the unique features of these materials such as self-sensing, self-adaptability, memory capabilities and manifold functions. For a long time, there is no review of smart materials. Therefore, it is considered worthwhile to write a review on this subject.
Design/methodology/approach
A thorough search of the literature was carried out through SciFinder, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library and reputed and peer-reviewed journals. The literature was critically analyzed and a review was written.
Findings
This study describes the advances in smart materials concerning their applications in aerospace industries. The classification, working principle and recent developments (nano-smart materials) of smart materials are discussed. Besides, the future perspectives of these materials are also highlighted. Much research has not been done in this area, which needs more extensive study.
Originality/value
Certainly, this study will be highly useful for academicians, researchers and technocrats working in aerospace industries.
Journal Article
Smart buildings : technology and the design of the built environment
\"How is technology shaping our built environment and changing the practice of architecture? This book explores how buildings and spaces are designed, built, used, and better understood through technology. A practical guide to technical advances including Internet of Things (IoT), 3D printing, innovative materials and robotics, 'Smart Buildings' also outlines the opportunities for architecture including improved communication, flexibility, wellbeing, productivity and data collection. Bringing together multidisciplinary contributions and case studies from across the globe, this book provides a practical guide on how technology can inspire new architectural ideas, improving quality, comfort, health, and wellbeing in the built environment\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A bioinspired and hierarchically structured shape-memory material
Shape-memory polymeric materials lack long-range molecular order that enables more controlled and efficient actuation mechanisms. Here, we develop a hierarchical structured keratin-based system that has long-range molecular order and shape-memory properties in response to hydration. We explore the metastable reconfiguration of the keratin secondary structure, the transition from α-helix to β-sheet, as an actuation mechanism to design a high-strength shape-memory material that is biocompatible and processable through fibre spinning and three-dimensional (3D) printing. We extract keratin protofibrils from animal hair and subject them to shear stress to induce their self-organization into a nematic phase, which recapitulates the native hierarchical organization of the protein. This self-assembly process can be tuned to create materials with desired anisotropic structuring and responsiveness. Our combination of bottom-up assembly and top-down manufacturing allows for the scalable fabrication of strong and hierarchically structured shape-memory fibres and 3D-printed scaffolds with potential applications in bioengineering and smart textiles.
Shear-aligned keratin protofibres are used to fabricate shape-memory fibres and three-dimensional scaffolds that respond to water.
Journal Article
Smart cement : development, testing, modeling and real-time monitoring
\"Smart cement is a chemo-thermo-piezoresistive material that functions as a highly sensing 3-dimensional bulk sensor. It can be used for monitoring changes oflectrical resistivity in concrete by the addition of 0.03% of selected conductive or semi-conductive fibers are added to the bulk cement\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Shape-Memory Polymers Hallmarks and Their Biomedical Applications in the Form of Nanofibers
Shape-Memory Polymers (SMPs) are considered a kind of smart material able to modify size, shape, stiffness and strain in response to different external (heat, electric and magnetic field, water or light) stimuli including the physiologic ones such as pH, body temperature and ions concentration. The ability of SMPs is to memorize their original shape before triggered exposure and after deformation, in the absence of the stimulus, and to recover their original shape without any help. SMPs nanofibers (SMPNs) have been increasingly investigated for biomedical applications due to nanofiber’s favorable properties such as high surface area per volume unit, high porosity, small diameter, low density, desirable fiber orientation and nanoarchitecture mimicking native Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). This review focuses on the main properties of SMPs, their classification and shape-memory effects. Moreover, advantages in the use of SMPNs and different biomedical application fields are reported and discussed.
Journal Article
Biomimetic high performance artificial muscle built on sacrificial coordination network and mechanical training process
Artificial muscle materials promise incredible applications in actuators, robotics and medical apparatus, yet the ability to mimic the full characteristics of skeletal muscles into synthetic materials remains a huge challenge. Herein, inspired by the dynamic sacrificial bonds in biomaterials and the self-strengthening of skeletal muscles by physical exercise, high performance artificial muscle material is prepared by rearrangement of sacrificial coordination bonds in the polyolefin elastomer via a repetitive mechanical training process. Biomass lignin is incorporated as a green reinforcer for the construction of interfacial coordination bonds. The prepared artificial muscle material exhibits high actuation strain (>40%), high actuation stress (1.5 MPa) which can lift more than 10,000 times its own weight with 30% strain, characteristics of excellent self-strengthening by mechanical training, strain-adaptive stiffening, and heat/electric programmable actuation performance. In this work, we show a facile strategy for the fabrication of intelligent materials using easily available raw materials.
Artificial muscles have a wide range of applications yet truly mimetic designs remain a challenge. Here, the authors use dynamic sacrificial bonds which are rearranged via a mechanical training process to optimise the characteristics of self-strengthening, strain-adaptive stiffening and actuation.
Journal Article
Smart textiles for designers : inventing the future of fabrics
We are on the cusp of a revolution, where the intersection of technology, the human body and everyday objects will become completely seamless. Smart textiles are a key part of this revolution. Smart Textiles for Designers introduces the different qualities and properties that can be embedded in, integrated with, and applied to fabrics and looks at the different contexts in which these smart textiles can be used, from healthcare to haute couture, firefighting to sportswear. A survey of specific fabrics grouped by properties provides a core reference section and a palette for the designer to work from. The book also examines five different design approaches and features interviews with leading designers and design teams, showing their processes and working methods.
Book
Recent Advances on Stimuli‐Responsive Smart Materials and their Applications
Stimuli‐responsive materials have raised major attention in digital technology, sensors and biomedical applications owing to quick response towards external stimuli, for example light, voltage, pressure, temperature, mechanical friction and pH. Nevertheless, action of external stimuli on organic materials affects their internal physico‐chemical properties and facilitates improved thermal/photo stability, tuning detection sensitivity, accuracy and biocompatibility. This review article highlights recent progress on stimuli‐responsive materials with mixed valence species, viologens, twisting chirality, crystalline/amorphous, sol‐gel phase transitions and resulting supramolecular nanostructures via non‐covalent interactions. These materials can be applied in flexible electronics, drug delivery, detection of pollutants and bioimaging. Thus, the demand for widespread research on development of stimuli‐responsive materials are requisite to resolve the challenges pertaining to stability and sensitivity of devices for design in comprehensive technology.
Smart for the future: Stimuli‐responsive smart/intelligent materials play a remarkable role in electronics, sensors and therapeutic applications owing to changes of physico‐chemical properties and mechanical transformations, isomerizations via mixed valence states, viologens, generation of surface charges under light, voltage, force and pH. Thereby, these responsive materials shown wide range applications from materials to biology leads device applications.
Journal Article