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Highlighting the seminal role of German Jewish intellectuals and ideologues in forming and transforming the modern Jewish world, this volume analyzes the political roads taken by German Jewish thinkers; the impact of the Holocaust on the Central and East European Jewish intelligentsia; and the conundrum of modern Jewish identity. Several of German Jewry's most outstanding figures such as Scholem, Strauss, and Kohn are discussed. Inspired by Steven E. Aschheim's work, several contributors focus on the fraught relationship between German and East European Jews (the so-calledOstjuden) and between German Jews and their non-Jewish neighbors. More generally, this book examines how Central European Jewish thinkers reacted to the terrible crises of the twentieth century-to war, genocide, and the existential threat to the very existence of the Jewish people. It is essential reading for those interested in the triumphs and tragedies of modern European Jewry.

2014 Runner-Up, MLA Prize in United States Latina and Latino and Chicana and Chicano Literary and Cultural StudiesIn Unbecoming Blackness, Antonio Lopez uncovers an important, otherwise unrecognized century-long archive of literature and performance that reveals Cuban America as a space of overlapping Cuban and African diasporic experiences.Lopez shows how Afro-Cuban writers and performers in theU.S. align Cuban black and mulatto identities, often subsumed in the mixed-race and postracial Cuban national imaginaries, with the material and symbolic blackness of African Americans and other Afro-Latinas/os. In the works of Alberto O'Farrill, Eusebia Cosme, Romulo Lachatanere, and others, Afro-Cubanness articulates the African diasporic experience in ways that deprive negro and mulato configurations of an exclusive link with Cuban nationalism. Instead, what is invoked is an unbecoming relationship between Afro-Cubans in the U.S and their domestic black counterparts. The transformations in Cuban racial identity across the hemisphere, represented powerfully in the literary and performance cultures of Afro-Cubans in the U.S., provide the fullest account of a transnational Cuba, one in which the Cuban American emerges as Afro-Cuban-American, and the Latino as Afro-Latino.

As early as Aristotle's Problem XXX , intellectual superiority has been linked to melancholy. The association between sickness and genius continued to be a topic for discussion in the work of early modern writers, most recognizably in Robert Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy . But it was not until the eighteenth century that the phenomenon known as the \"suffering scholar\" reached its apotheosis, a phenomenon illustrated by the popularity of works such as Samuel-Auguste Tissot's De la santé des gens de lettres , first published in 1768. Though hardly limited to French-speaking Europe, the link between mental endeavor and physical disorder was embraced with particular vigor there, as was the tendency to imbue intellectuals with an aura of otherness and detachment from the world. Intellectuals and artists were portrayed as peculiarly susceptible to altered states of health as well as psyche-the combination of mental intensity and somatic frailty proved both the privileges and the perils of knowledge-seeking and creative endeavor. In Suffering Scholars , Anne C. Vila focuses on the medical and literary dimensions of the cult of celebrity that developed around great intellectuals during the French Enlightenment. Beginning with Tissot's work, which launched a subgenre of health advice aimed specifically at scholars, she demonstrates how writers like Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau, and Mme de Staël, responded to the \"suffering scholar\" syndrome and helped to shape it. She traces the ways in which this syndrome influenced the cultural perceptions of iconic personae such as the philosophe , the solitary genius, and the learned lady. By showing how crucial the so-called suffering scholar was to debates about the mind-body relation as well as to sex and sensibility, Vila sheds light on the consequences book-learning was thought to have on both the individual body and the body politic, not only in the eighteenth century but also into the decades following the Revolution.

Background People with mild intellectual disabilities (MID) are at elevated risk of substance-use problems. Beat the Kick is a motivation-focused, MID-adapted pre-treatment program. This trial aims to test whether Beat the Kick increases autonomous motivation to enter substance-use treatment versus care-as-usual (CAU), and to examine effects on substance use, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, treatment engagement, and acceptability. Methods Open-label, multicenter superiority randomized controlled trial in the Netherlands. We will recruit 138 adults (≥ 18 years) with MID or borderline intellectual functioning (intelligence quotient (IQ) 50–85 with adaptive limitations) and hazardous substance use (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) ≤ 19 or Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) ≤ 24; ≥ 12 months) from six intellectual-disability care organizations. Recruitment will be conducted jointly by researchers from Tilburg University and care professionals at the participating organizations. In a Zelen pre-randomization design, eligible clients will be randomized 1:1 to Beat the Kick or CAU using a centralized computer-generated sequence with variable block sizes, stratified by addiction type (alcohol vs cannabis/other drugs). Tilburg researchers will obtain informed consent after allocation (intervention: consent for intervention + assessments; CAU: consent for assessments only). As an open-label trial, only the statistical analyst will remain blinded to allocation via A/B-coded datasets; the allocation key is held by an independent coordinator until primary analyses are complete. Assessments occur at T1 (pre), T2 (post), T3 (1 month), and T4 (6 months). Safety is monitored at T2–T4 through systematic adverse event (AE) and serious adverse event (SAE) recording, and serious events are reported to the Ethics Review Board within 24 h.Primary outcome: autonomous motivation (Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire; 15 items; 1–5 scale). Secondary outcomes: substance use ( Substance Use and Misuse in Intellectual Disability Questionnaire (SumID-Q) with AUDIT (0–40; ≥ 8 hazardous; ≥ 20 probable dependence) and DUDIT (0–44; ≥ 6 men/ ≥ 2 women hazardous; ≥ 25 probable dependence)), satisfaction and frustration of psychological needs (Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale – Intellectual Disability Version (BPNSFS-ID); 24 items; 1–5), treatment engagement (yes/no), and participant satisfaction. Primary analyses will use intention-to-treat linear mixed-effects models with fixed effects for group, time, and group × time, adjusting for the stratification variable. Discussion This study evaluates a motivation-focused, MID-adapted program under routine conditions. Anticipated challenges (open-label bias, retention) are addressed through exclusive trainer allocation per arm, supportive scheduling, and caregiver involvement. If effective, Beat the Kick could be integrated into standard practice to improve readiness for treatment, substance-use outcomes, and overall well-being in adults with MID. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN12571979. Registered on 11 June 2025. This trial was prospectively registered.

This book explores the economic analysis of intellectual property law, with a special emphasis on the Law and Economics of informational goods in light of the past decade’s technological revolution. In recent years there has been massive growth in the Law and Economics literature focusing on intellectual property, on both normative and positive levels of analysis. The economic approach to intellectual property is often described as a monolithic, coherent approach that may differ only as it is applied to a particular case. Yet the growing literature of Law and Economics in intellectual property does not speak in one voice. The economic discourse used in legal scholarship and in policy-making encompasses several strands, each reflecting a fundamentally different approach to the economics of informational works, and each grounded in a different ideology or methodological paradigm. This book delineates the various economic approaches taken and analyzes their tenets. It maps the fundamental concepts and the theoretical foundation of current economic analysis of intellectual property law, in order to fully understand the ramifications of using economic analysis of law in policy making. In so doing, one begins to appreciate the limitations of the current frameworks in confronting the challenges of the information revolution. The book addresses the fundamental adjustments in the methodology and underlying assumptions that must be employed in order for the economic approach to remain a useful analytical framework for addressing IPR in the information age. Professor Eli M Salzberger was the Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Haifa and the President of the European Association of Law and Economics. His research and teaching areas are legal theory, economic analysis of law, legal ethics, and the Israeli Supreme Court. Niva Elkin-Koren is the Dean of the University of Haifa Faculty of Law and the founding director of the Haifa Center for Law & Technology. Her research focuses on the legal institutions that facilitate private and public control over the production and dissemination of information. Their first co-authored book Law, Economic and Cyberspace was published by Edward Elgar in 2004. Part 1: Intellectual Property, Law and Economics Introduction 1. Introduction to Law and Economics 2. The Rise of Intellectual Property Part 2: Normative Analysis 3. The Incentives Paradigm 4. The Proprietary Model of Intellectual Property Part 3: Central Intervention and Private Ordering 5. Intellectual Property and the Rise of Private Ordering 6. Intellectual Property in the Digital Era: Economic Analysis and Governance by Technology Part 4: Positive Analysis 7. A positive Analysis of Intellectual Property Law