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Twelver Shiite Scholars’ Position on Adopting Hadiths Transmitted by Sunnis and Non-Twelver Shiites
This article deals with the positions taken by Twelver Shiite hadith scholars on the question of adopting hadiths narrated on the authority of al-ꜥāmma, that is, non-Shiites. The article begins by defining the terms al-ꜥāmma and al-khāșșa as employed by the Twelver Shiites and the evolution of their meanings, noting that the issue of adopting narratives passed down on the authority of al-ꜥāmma had not been resolved among Shiite scholars when the Shiite sect emerged in the first and second centuries AH, during which time numerous hadiths were being passed down by Shiites through al-ꜥāmma. However, once the idea of the minor occultation had crystallized, and following this, the major occultation, Shiite scholars began restricting the use of narratives passed down via al-ꜥāmma. Shiite scholars were divided into two groups over the question of adopting hadiths narrated on the authority of al-ꜥāmma (Sunnis) and non-Twelver Shiites, with the first group approving this practice, and the second group forbidding it on the grounds that Sunnis and non-Twelver Shiites were not believers in the twelve imams. Thus, a doctrinal debate arose over the qualifications of hadith narrators which had nothing to do with the status of the hadith, or whether the person who had transmitted the hadith had sat directly with the imam on whose authority he had narrated it.
Journal Article
The Extended Transportation-Imagery Model: A Meta-Analysis of the Antecedents and Consequences of Consumers’ Narrative Transportation
Stories, and their ability to transport their audience, constitute a central part of human life and consumption experience. Integrating previous literature derived from fields as diverse as anthropology, marketing, psychology, communication, consumer, and literary studies, this article offers a review of two decades worth of research on narrative transportation, the phenomenon in which consumers mentally enter a world that a story evokes. Despite the relevance of narrative transportation for storytelling and narrative persuasion, extant contributions seem to lack systematization. The authors conceive the extended transportation-imagery model, which provides not only a comprehensive model that includes the antecedents and consequences of narrative transportation but also a multidisciplinary framework in which cognitive psychology and consumer culture theory cross-fertilize this field of inquiry. The authors test the model using a quantitative meta-analysis of 132 effect sizes of narrative transportation from 76 published and unpublished articles and identify fruitful directions for further research.
Journal Article
Narrative Economics
This address considers the epidemiology of narratives relevant to economic fluctuations. The human brain has always been highly tuned toward narratives, whether factual or not, to justify ongoing actions, even such basic actions as spending and investing. Stories motivate and connect activities to deeply felt values and needs. Narratives \"go viral\" and spread far, even worldwide, with economic impact. The 1920-1921 Depression, the Great Depression of the 1930s, the so-called Great Recession of 2007-2009, and the contentious political-economic situation of today are considered as the results of the popular narratives of their respective times. Though these narratives are deeply human phenomena that are difficult to study in a scientific manner, quantitative analysis may help us gain a better understanding of these epidemics in the future.
Journal Article
Narrative complexity : cognition, embodiment, evolution
\"Narrative Complexity is an interdisciplinary volume that explores aesthetic, cognitive, and technological aspects of narrative complexity. This volume offers a new conceptual framework for the study of narrative complexity\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Personal, Master, and Alternative Narratives
In this paper we propose a model for examining personal identity development that moves attention from a relatively exclusive examination of the individual to an examination of the intersection between self and society. We propose that a master narrative model of identity development allows researchers to: (a) align the study of culture and individual on the same metric of narrative, (b) investigate the processes of negotiating personal and cultural narratives, the latter of which are embedded within the structures of society, and (c) investigate the internalization of those structures in personal identities. In laying out this model we define a narrative approach to identity development, five principles for defining master narratives (ubiquity, utility, invisibility, rigidity, and their compulsory nature), three types of master narratives (life course, structural, and episodic), and case examples of each type. This model brings attention to the interaction between self and society, as well as to the constraints on individual agency to construct a personal identity. We conclude by raising questions that emerge out of this framework that we hope will inspire future work on the relationship between self and society in the study of identity development.
Journal Article
Episodic Narrative Interview: Capturing Stories of Experience With a Methods Fusion
Episodic narrative interview is an innovative, phenomenon-driven research method that was developed by integrating elements from several qualitative approaches in a methods fusion. Episodic narrative interview draws on critically oriented theoretical foundations and principles of experience-centered narrative and includes features from narrative inquiry, semistructured interview, and episodic interview. The purpose of episodic narrative interview is to better understand a phenomenon by generating individual stories of experience about that phenomenon. As such, an episodic narrative interview participant provides nested narrative accounts of their experiences with a social phenomenon, within the context of a bounded situation or episode. In this article, the author details the foundations of the episodic narrative interview approach and describes how the method is designed and implemented. The significance of episodic narrative interview is also explored, especially in terms of the ways in which it produces tightly focused, phenomenon-centered narratives that are reflective of particular bounded circumstances.
Journal Article