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Mechanism Models of the Conventional and Advanced Methods of Construction Safety Training. Is the Traditional Method of Safety Training Sufficient?
Cognitive failures at the information acquiring (safety training), comprehension, or application stages led to near-miss or accidents on-site. The previous studies rarely considered the cognitive processes of two different kinds of construction safety training. Cognitive processes are a series of chemical and electrical brain impulses that allow you to perceive your surroundings and acquire knowledge. Additionally, their attention was more inclined toward the worker’s behavior during hazard identification on-site while on duty. A study is proposed to fill the knowledge gap by developing the mechanism models of the two safety training approaches. The mechanism models were developed based on cognitive psychology and Bloom’s taxonomy and six steps of cognitive learning theory. A worker’s safety training is vital in acquiring, storing, retrieving, and utilizing the appropriate information for hazard identification on-site. It is assumed that those trained by advanced techniques may quickly identify and avoid hazards on construction sites because of the fundamental nature of the training, and when they come across threats, they may promptly use their working memory and prevent them, especially for more complex projects. The main benefit of making such a model, from a cognitive point of view, is that it can help us learn more about the mental processes of two different types of construction safety training, and it can also help us come up with specific management suggestions to make up for the approaches’ flaws. Future research will concentrate on the organizational aspects and other cognitive failures that could lead to accidents.
Journal Article
Patient Safety
With coverage ranging from the influence of professional identity in medicine and problematic nature of \"human error,\" to the psychological and social features that characterize healthcare work, to the safety-critical aspects of interfaces and automation, this book spans the width of the human factors field and its importance for patient safety today. In addition, the book discusses topics such as accountability, just culture, and secondary victimization in the aftermath of adverse events and takes readers to the leading edge of human factors research today: complexity, systems thinking, and resilience.
eBook
Guidelines for process safety metrics
The purpose of this book is to provide guidance to many levels of the organization when implementing or improving existing corporate process safety metrics. Although the process safety leaders in the company will have the strongest interest, it is equally important that others in leadership roles also read this book and work together with the process safety leaders in selecting and implementing the appropriate metric programs. This book provides guidelines and examples of effective practices for the development and use of process safety leading and lagging metrics; while also providing basic information about process safety performance indicators such as the what, when, where and why they are useful. The book explains how to calculate the three global lagging metrics recommended by CCPS. Finally, the book also provides sufficient examples such that readers gain an understanding of how performance metrics can be successfully applied over the short and long term.
STANDARD PUBLISHER DISCLAIMER
It is sincerely hoped that the information presented in this document will lead to an even more impressive safety record for the entire industry; however, the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, its consultants, CCPS Subcommittee members, their employers, their employers' officers and directors, the document's authors, and knovel and knovel Service disclaim making or giving any warranties or representations, express or implied, including with respect to fitness, intended purpose, use or merchantability and/or correctness or accuracy of the content of the information presented in this document. As between (1) American Institute of Chemical Engineers, its consultants, CCPS Subcommittee members, their employers, their employers' officers and directors, the document's authors, and knovel and knovel Service and (2) the user of this document, the user accepts any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever for the consequence of its use or misuse.
eBook
Methods for detection of viable foodborne pathogens: current state-of-art and future prospects
The ability to rapidly detect viable pathogens in food is important for public health and food safety reasons. Culture-based detection methods, the traditional means of demonstrating microbial viability, tend to be laborious, time consuming and slow to provide results. Several culture-independent methods to detect viable pathogens have been reported in recent years, including both nucleic acid–based (PCR combined with use of cell viability dyes or reverse-transcriptase PCR to detect messenger RNA) and phage-based (plaque assay or phage amplification and lysis plus PCR/qPCR, immunoassay or enzymatic assay to detect host DNA, progeny phages or intracellular components) methods. Some of these newer methods, particularly phage-based methods, show promise in terms of speed, sensitivity of detection and cost compared with culture for food testing. This review provides an overview of these new approaches and their food testing applications, and discusses their current limitations and future prospects in relation to detection of viable pathogens in food.Key points• Cultural methods may be ‘gold standard’ for assessing viability of pathogens, but they are too slow.• Nucleic acid–based methods offer speed of detection but not consistently proof of cell viability.• Phage-based methods appear to offer best alternative to culture for detecting viable pathogens.
Journal Article
Patient Safety
Each year a vast sum of money is spent on health care around the globe and patient safety has become a serious global public health issue. Filled with up-to-date information, this book demonstrates how to handle patient safety-related problems by using methods developed in the area of engineering. It contains a chapter on mathematical concepts and another chapter on introductory material on safety and human factors considered essential to understand materials presented in subsequent chapters. The author's presentation covers topics in such a manner that readers will require no previous knowledge to understand the concepts.
eBook