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Antibiotic therapy and outcome from immune-checkpoint inhibitors
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Journal Article
Antibiotic therapy and outcome from immune-checkpoint inhibitors
2019
Overview
Sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) therapy is governed by a complex interplay of tumor and host-related determinants. Epidemiological studies have highlighted that exposure to antibiotic therapy influences the probability of response to ICPI and predict for shorter patient survival across malignancies. Whilst a number of studies have reproducibly documented the detrimental effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the immune-biologic mechanisms underlying the association with outcome are poorly understood. Perturbation of the gut microbiota, an increasingly well-characterized factor capable of influencing ICPI-mediated immune reconstitution, has been indicated as a putative mechanism to explain the adverse effects attributed to antibiotic exposure in the context of ICPI therapy. Prospective studies are required to validate antibiotic-mediated gut perturbations as a mechanism of ICPI refractoriness and guide the development of strategies to overcome this barrier to an effective delivery of anti-cancer immunotherapy.
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd,BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMJ Publishing Group LTD,BMJ Publishing Group
Subject
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
/ Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - pharmacology
/ Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - therapeutic use
/ Bacteria
/ Cancer
/ Humans
/ Immune checkpoint inhibitors
/ Medicine
/ Melanoma
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Oncology
/ Survival
/ Taxonomy
/ Tumors
