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Comparative Experimental Evaluation of Slab-Column Connections Incorporating Steel Columns Under Lateral Cyclic Loading
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Comparative Experimental Evaluation of Slab-Column Connections Incorporating Steel Columns Under Lateral Cyclic Loading
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Journal Article
Comparative Experimental Evaluation of Slab-Column Connections Incorporating Steel Columns Under Lateral Cyclic Loading
2025
Overview
Slab-column connections in reinforced concrete structures are prone to brittle punching shear failure when subjected to lateral or seismic loads. This vulnerability was due to limited capacity of shear transfer and poor confinement at the slab column interface. To cover this aspect, the current research focuses on the structural behavior of composite slab-column joints with different steel column types. This paper reports an experimental investigation to study the seismic behavior of slab-column connections with various configurations of steel columns under the influence of coupled gravity load and lateral cyclic displacement. Four 1:2.5-scale specimens were tested, consisting of one conventional reinforced concrete (RC) connection and three composite systems comprising RC slabs connected to either wide-flange (W) steel, hollow structural steel (HSS), or concrete-filled HSS columns. All specimens were preloaded with a constant axial load equal to 75 kN and then subjected to lateral cyclic loading according to the lateral displacement protocol outlined in ACI 374. Experimental results showed that connections using steel columns significantly increase lateral load-carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation compared to the traditional RC specimen. It was also found that the specimen with the concrete-filled HSS column showed the most increase in stiffness (60.6%), while that with a W-shaped steel column reached the highest lateral load gain (up to 67%). While composite columns reduced the displacement capacity by about 29%, they delayed punching shear failure significantly leading to increased overall seismic resilience. These results help to understand the effectiveness of the steel-concrete composite connections concerning improving the seismic response of slab-column systems and provide design recommendations for practical applications in seismic design.
