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Up-to-Date Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Test Use in the United States, 2021
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Up-to-Date Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Test Use in the United States, 2021
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Journal Article
Up-to-Date Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Test Use in the United States, 2021
2023
Overview
IntroductionWe examined national estimates of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test use and compared them with Healthy People 2030 national targets. Test use in 2021 was compared with prepandemic estimates.MethodsIn 2022, we used 2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data to estimate proportions of adults up to date with US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for breast (women aged 50–74 y), cervical (women aged 21–65 y), and CRC screening (adults aged 50–75 y) across sociodemographic and health care access variables. We compared age-standardized estimates from the 2021 and 2019 NHIS.ResultsPercentages of adults up to date in 2021 were 75.7% (95% CI, 74.4%–76.9%), 75.2% (95% CI, 73.9%–76.4%), and 72.2% (95% CI, 71.2%–73.2%) for breast, cervical, and CRC screening, respectively. Estimates were below 50% among those without a wellness check in 3 years (all screening types), among those without a usual source of care or insurance (aged <65 y) (breast and CRC screening), and among those residing in the US for less than 10 years (CRC screening). Percentages of adults who were up to date with breast and cervical cancer screening and colonoscopy were similar in 2019 and 2021. Fecal occult blood/fecal immunochemical test (FOBT/FIT) use was modestly higher in 2021 (P < .001).ConclusionsIn 2021, approximately 1 in 4 adults of screening age were not up to date with breast, cervical, and CRC screening recommendations, and Healthy People 2030 national targets were not met. Disparities existed across several characteristics, particularly those related to health care access. Breast, cervical, and colonoscopy test use within recommended screening intervals approximated prepandemic levels. FOBT/FIT estimates were modestly higher in 2021.SummaryWhat is already known on this topic?Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening has been below the national 2020 Healthy People targets.What is added by this report?We used 2021 National Health Interview Survey data to examine the most recent national estimates of screening test use, disparities, and comparisons with 2030 Healthy People targets. Estimates were compared with 2019 estimates to examine differences during the COVID-19 pandemic.What are the implications for public health practice?Approximately 1 in 4 adults of screening age were not up to date with breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening in 2021. Estimates were below current national targets and disparities existed. Test use within recommended intervals may approximate prepandemic levels; fecal occult blood test and fecal immunochemical test use may have increased modestly.
Publisher
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subject
