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Magneto-optical trapping and sub-Doppler cooling of a polyatomic molecule
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Magneto-optical trapping and sub-Doppler cooling of a polyatomic molecule
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Journal Article
Magneto-optical trapping and sub-Doppler cooling of a polyatomic molecule
2022
Overview
Laser cooling and trapping
1
,
2
, and magneto-optical trapping methods in particular
2
, have enabled groundbreaking advances in science, including Bose–Einstein condensation
3
–
5
, quantum computation with neutral atoms
6
,
7
and high-precision optical clocks
8
. Recently, magneto-optical traps (MOTs) of diatomic molecules have been demonstrated
9
–
12
, providing access to research in quantum simulation
13
and searches for physics beyond the standard model
14
. Compared with diatomic molecules, polyatomic molecules have distinct rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom that promise a variety of transformational possibilities. For example, ultracold polyatomic molecules would be uniquely suited to applications in quantum computation and simulation
15
–
17
, ultracold collisions
18
, quantum chemistry
19
and beyond-the-standard-model searches
20
,
21
. However, the complexity of these molecules has so far precluded the realization of MOTs for polyatomic species. Here we demonstrate magneto-optical trapping of a polyatomic molecule, calcium monohydroxide (CaOH). After trapping, the molecules are laser cooled in a blue-detuned optical molasses to a temperature of 110 μK, which is below the Doppler cooling limit. The temperatures and densities achieved here make CaOH a viable candidate for a wide variety of quantum science applications, including quantum simulation and computation using optical tweezer arrays
15
,
17
,
22
,
23
. This work also suggests that laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping of many other polyatomic species
24
–
27
will be both feasible and practical.
The polyatomic molecule calcium monohydroxide is magneto-optically trapped and cooled below the Doppler cooling limit, making it a candidate for applications in quantum simulation and computation.
