Journal Article

Short-term effects of dietary advanced glycation end products in rats

Madsen, Andreas N., Andersen, Jeanette M., Holst, Birgitte, Bak, Monika J., Skibsted, Leif H., Hedegaard, Rikke V., Poulsen, Malene W., Nielsen, John, Larsen, Lesli H., Monošík, Rastislav, Krath, Britta N., Dragsted, Lars O.

2016

Overview

Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGE) formed during heating of food have gained interest as potential nutritional toxins with adverse effects on inflammation and glucose metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the short-term effects of high and low molecular weight (HMW and LMW) dietary AGE on insulin sensitivity, expression of the receptor for AGE (RAGE), the AGE receptor 1 (AGER1) and TNF-α, F2-isoprostaglandins, body composition and food intake. For 2 weeks, thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a diet containing 20 % milk powder with different proportions of this being given as heated milk powder (0, 40 or 100 %), either native (HMW) or hydrolysed (LMW). Gene expression of RAGE and AGER1 in whole blood increased in the group receiving a high AGE LMW diet, which also had the highest urinary excretion of the AGE, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone 1 (MG-H1). Urinary excretion of N ε -carboxymethyl-lysine increased with increasing proportion of heat-treated milk powder in the HMW and LMW diets but was unrelated to gene expression. There was no difference in insulin sensitivity, F2-isoprostaglandins, food intake, water intake, body weight or body composition between the groups. In conclusion, RAGE and AGER1 expression can be influenced by a high AGE diet after only 2 weeks in proportion to MG-H1 excretion. No other short-term effects were observed.

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Subject: advanced glycation end products / adverse effects / Age / Animals / Anticoagulants / Biomarkers - blood / Biomarkers - urine / blood / Body composition / Body weight / Diet / Diet - adverse effects / dried milk / Energy Intake / Excretion / Food / food composition / food intake / gene expression / Glucose / Glycation End Products, Advanced - administration & dosage / Glycation End Products, Advanced - adverse effects / Glycation End Products, Advanced - chemistry / Glycation End Products, Advanced - urine / heat / Heat treating / heat treatment / Hexosyltransferases - blood / Hexosyltransferases - chemistry / Hexosyltransferases - genetics / Hexosyltransferases - metabolism / Hot Temperature - adverse effects / Imidazoles - urine / Imidazolines - urine / inflammation / Insulin / insulin resistance / Investigations / Laboratory animals / Lysine - analogs & derivatives / Lysine - urine / Male / metabolism / Milk / Milk Proteins - administration & dosage / Milk Proteins - adverse effects / Milk Proteins - chemistry / Molecular Weight / nutrient content / Nutritional Toxicity / Peptides / Plasma / Proteins / Proteolysis / Random Allocation / rats / Rats, Sprague-Dawley / Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products - agonists / Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products - blood / Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products - genetics / Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products - metabolism / receptors / Renal Elimination / Toxicity Tests, Subacute / Toxins / tumor necrosis factor-alpha / Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood / Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics / Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism / Up-Regulation