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γδ T cells suppress Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage infection by direct killing and phagocytosis
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Journal Article
γδ T cells suppress Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage infection by direct killing and phagocytosis
2021
Overview
Activated Vγ9Vδ2 (γδ2) T lymphocytes that sense parasite-produced phosphoantigens are expanded in
Plasmodium falciparum–
infected patients. Although previous studies suggested that γδ2 T cells help control erythrocytic malaria, whether γδ2 T cells recognize infected red blood cells (iRBCs) was uncertain. Here we show that iRBCs stained for the phosphoantigen sensor butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1). γδ2 T cells formed immune synapses and lysed iRBCs in a contact, phosphoantigen, BTN3A1 and degranulation-dependent manner, killing intracellular parasites. Granulysin released into the synapse lysed iRBCs and delivered death-inducing granzymes to the parasite. All intra-erythrocytic parasites were susceptible, but schizonts were most sensitive. A second protective γδ2 T cell mechanism was identified. In the presence of patient serum, γδ2 T cells phagocytosed and degraded opsonized iRBCs in a CD16-dependent manner, decreasing parasite multiplication. Thus, γδ2 T cells have two ways to control blood-stage malaria–γδ T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-mediated degranulation and phagocytosis of antibody-coated iRBCs.
Junqueira et al. show that human γδ T cells control erythrocytic
Plasmodium falciparum
infection by multiple mechanisms: antibody-dependent phagocytosis, cytotoxic-granule-mediated erythrocyte lysis and direct parasite killing.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte - metabolism
/ Antigens, Protozoan - immunology
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Boston
/ Brazil
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Immunological Synapses - metabolism
/ Immunological Synapses - parasitology
/ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes - immunology
/ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes - metabolism
/ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes - parasitology
/ Lysis
/ Malaria
/ Malaria, Falciparum - immunology
/ Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
/ Male
/ Plasmodium falciparum - growth & development
/ Plasmodium falciparum - microbiology
/ Synapses
