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Predictive Value of Respiratory Viral Detection in the Upper Respiratory Tract for Infection of the Lower Respiratory Tract With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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Predictive Value of Respiratory Viral Detection in the Upper Respiratory Tract for Infection of the Lower Respiratory Tract With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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Journal Article
Predictive Value of Respiratory Viral Detection in the Upper Respiratory Tract for Infection of the Lower Respiratory Tract With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
2020
Overview
Abstract
Background
Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients are frequently infected with respiratory viruses (RVs) in the upper respiratory tract (URT), but the concordance between URT and lower respiratory tract (LRT) RV detection is not well characterized.
Methods
Hematopoietic cell transplant candidates and recipients with respiratory symptoms and LRT and URT RV testing via multiplex PCR from 2009 to 2016 were included. Logistic regression models were used to analyze risk factors for LRT RV detection.
Results
Two-hundred thirty-five HCT candidates or recipients had URT and LRT RV testing within 3 days. Among 115 subjects (49%) positive for a RV, 37% (42 of 115) had discordant sample pairs. Forty percent (17 of 42) of discordant pairs were positive in the LRT but negative in the URT. Discordance was common for adenovirus (100%), metapneumovirus (44%), rhinovirus (34%), and parainfluenza virus type 3 (28%); respiratory syncytial virus was highly concordant (92%). Likelihood of LRT detection was increased with URT detection (oods ratio [OR] = 73.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 26.7–204) and in cytomegalovirus-positive recipients (OR = 3.70; 95% CI, 1.30–10.0).
Conclusions
High rates of discordance were observed for certain RVs. Bronchoalveolar lavage sampling may provide useful diagnostic information to guide management in symptomatic HCT candidates and recipients.
High rates of discordance in PCR results between the upper versus lower respiratory tracts occur for certain respiratory viruses in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Subject
/ Adenoviridae Infections - diagnosis
/ Adenoviridae Infections - virology
/ Adult
/ Alveoli
/ Bronchus
/ Child
/ Female
/ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects
/ Humans
/ Infant
/ Male
/ Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
/ Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - diagnosis
/ Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - virology
/ Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - genetics
/ Respiratory Tract Infections - diagnosis
/ Respiratory Tract Infections - etiology
/ Respiratory Tract Infections - virology
/ VIRUSES
