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Active Wnt proteins are secreted on exosomes
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Journal Article
Active Wnt proteins are secreted on exosomes
2012
Overview
Wnt signalling has important roles during development and in many diseases. As morphogens, hydrophobic Wnt proteins exert their function over a distance to induce patterning and cell differentiation decisions. Recent studies have identified several factors that are required for the secretion of Wnt proteins; however, how Wnts travel in the extracellular space remains a largely unresolved question. Here we show that Wnts are secreted on exosomes both during
Drosophila
development and in human cells. We demonstrate that exosomes carry Wnts on their surface to induce Wnt signalling activity in target cells. Together with the cargo receptor Evi/WIs, Wnts are transported through endosomal compartments onto exosomes, a process that requires the R-SNARE Ykt6. Our study demonstrates an evolutionarily conserved functional role of extracellular vesicular transport of Wnt proteins.
The mechanisms that control intracellular Wnt trafficking and secretion are beginning to be unravelled. However, little is known about how Wnt proteins are transported once they reach extracellular space. Boutros and colleagues show that active Wnt proteins are secreted on exosomes from
Drosophila
and human cells, and provide insight into the cellular machinery that regulates their transport and release.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biological Transport - physiology
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Drosophila melanogaster - growth & development
/ Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism
/ Drosophila Proteins - physiology
/ Humans
/ Insects
/ Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - physiology
/ Proteins
/ Sucrose
