Journal Article

Efficacy Trial of a DNA/rAd5 HIV-1 Preventive Vaccine

Grove, Doug, Buchbinder, Susan P, Mascola, John R, Karuna, Shelly T, Kublin, James, Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E, Enama, Mary E, Graham, Barney S, DeJesus, Edwin, Ramirez, Shelly, Novak, Richard M, Anude, Chuka, Koup, Richard A, Mulligan, Mark J, Koblin, Beryl A, Corey, Lawrence, Gilbert, Peter B, Hural, John, Nabel, Gary J, Adams, Elizabeth, Keefer, Michael C, Frank, Ian, Fu, Rong, Frahm, Nicole, Janes, Holly, Tomaras, Georgia D, Hammer, Scott M, Montefiori, David C, McElrath, M. Juliana, Bentley, Carter

2013

Overview

In an efficacy trial, 2504 persons at high risk for HIV-1 acquisition received either a DNA prime–recombinant adenovirus type 5 boost (DNA/rAd5) vaccine or placebo. The vaccine regimen did not reduce either HIV-1 acquisition or viral load. The epidemic infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is now in its fourth decade, with an estimated 2.5 million new infections occurring annually worldwide. 1 The number of newly infected persons, although diminishing, outpaces the number of patients who initiate antiretroviral therapy. Despite a number of successful prevention interventions that have been reported, including preexposure prophylaxis and treatment as prevention, 2 – 9 ultimate control of the HIV epidemic will most likely come only with the development of a safe and effective preventive vaccine. This goal has proved to be elusive. Of the efficacy trials of HIV vaccines that . . .

• Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
• Subject: Adult / AIDS Vaccines - adverse effects / AIDS Vaccines - immunology / Allergies / Biological and medical sciences / Deoxyribonucleic acid / DNA / DNA vaccines / Double-Blind Method / Drug therapy / Female / Fusion protein / Gag protein / General aspects / Glycoproteins / HIV / HIV Infections - epidemiology / HIV Infections - immunology / HIV Infections - prevention & control / HIV-1 - genetics / HIV-1 - isolation & purification / Human immunodeficiency virus / Human viral diseases / Humans / Immunodeficiencies / Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies / Immunogenetic Phenomena / Immunopathology / Incidence / Infections / Infectious diseases / Male / Medical research / Medical sciences / Middle Aged / Nef protein / Population studies / Ribonucleic acid / RNA / RNA, Viral - blood / Transgender Persons / Treatment Failure / Vaccine efficacy / Vaccines / Vaccines, DNA - adverse effects / Vaccines, DNA - immunology / Viral diseases / Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids / Viral Load / Young Adult