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Emerging risk of Dirofilaria spp. infection in Northeastern Europe: high prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in sled dog kennels from the Baltic countries
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Emerging risk of Dirofilaria spp. infection in Northeastern Europe: high prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in sled dog kennels from the Baltic countries
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Journal Article
Emerging risk of Dirofilaria spp. infection in Northeastern Europe: high prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in sled dog kennels from the Baltic countries
2021
Overview
Dirofilariasis is a fast-spreading disease of dogs and humans in Europe. We investigated whether
Dirofilaria
spp. have spread northwards in Europe, invading the Baltic countries. Altogether, 424 blood samples were collected from eight countries in the period 2017–2019, including 227 samples from sled dogs and 197 samples from other dogs. PCR amplification and sequencing were conducted employing three genetic markers (mitochondrial [mt] 12S rDNA, mt cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [COI] gene and mt dehydrogenase subunit I [NAD1] gene). The SNAP test (IDEXX) for detection of
D. immitis
infections was also implemented. The DNA of
D. repens
was detected in 59 of 424 dogs (prevalence 13.9%).
D. repens
was found in sled dogs from Lithuania, Latvia, Poland and Belarus. Only one dog from Estonia was infected, apparently an imported case. The highest prevalence was recorded in Lithuania (38%). Among pet dogs from the Ukraine, six dogs tested positive (3.8%). Our study has revealed a high prevalence of
D. repens
infections in Lithuania and Latvia, but no evidence for spread of the heartworm
D. immitis
. We conclude that sled dog kennels constitute hot spots for
D. repens
transmission.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ Animals
/ Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology
/ Communicable Diseases, Emerging - parasitology
/ Communicable Diseases, Emerging - veterinary
/ Dirofilaria repens - genetics
/ Dirofilariasis - epidemiology
/ Dirofilariasis - microbiology
/ Dogs
/ Female
/ Housing, Animal - statistics & numerical data
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Male
/ Pets
/ Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary
/ Republic of Belarus - epidemiology
/ Science
