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Rising Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children in the U.K
Rising Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children in the U.K
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Rising Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children in the U.K
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Rising Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children in the U.K
Rising Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children in the U.K
Journal Article

Rising Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Children in the U.K

2007
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Overview
OBJECTIVE:--To estimate the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children <17 years of age and to investigate the relationship of diabetes with increasing childhood obesity in the U.K. and the Republic of Ireland (ROI). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--Active monthly reporting of cases by consultant pediatricians occurred through the framework of the British Pediatric Surveillance Unit, with additional reports from specialist diabetes nurses. All children <17 years of age and diagnosed by their clinician as having non-type 1 diabetes from 1 October 2004 to 31 October 2005 were included. RESULTS:--A total of 168 confirmed cases of non-type 1 diabetes were reported, resulting in a national incidence (excluding the ROI) of 1.3 · 100,000⁻¹ · year⁻¹. Of these, 40% were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes giving a minimum incidence of 0.53 · 100,000⁻¹ · year⁻¹. Children of ethnic minorities were greatly overrepresented, with those of black and South-Asian origin (England data only) having an incidence of 3.9 and 1.25 · 100,000⁻¹ · year⁻¹, respectively, compared with 0.35 · 100,000⁻¹ · year⁻¹ in those defined as white. Of those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, 95% were overweight and 83% obese according to International Obesity Task Force guidelines. Eighty-four percent had a family history of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS:--Type 2 diabetes is still less common than type 1 diabetes in U.K. children. However, compared with previous prevalence data, the frequency of type 2 diabetes appears to be increasing. Incidence among ethnic minorities is far higher than in whites, as previously described in the U.S. Increased adiposity and family history of type 2 diabetes were strongly associated with the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in U.K. children.