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SPRING CLEANING: RURAL WATER IMPACTS, VALUATION, AND PROPERTY RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS
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Journal Article
SPRING CLEANING: RURAL WATER IMPACTS, VALUATION, AND PROPERTY RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS
2011
Overview
Using a randomized evaluation in Kenya, we measure health impacts of spring protection, an investment that improves source water quality. We also estimate households' valuation of spring protection and simulate the welfare impacts of alternatives to the current system of common property rights in water, which limits incentives for private investment. Spring infrastructure investments reduce fecal contamination by 66%, but household water quality improves less, due to recontamination. Child diarrhea falls by one quarter. Travel-cost based revealed preference estimates of households' valuations are much smaller than both stated preference valuations and health planners' valuations, and are consistent with models in which the demand for health is highly income elastic. We estimate that private property norms would generate little additional investment while imposing large static costs due to above-marginal-cost pricing, private property would function better at higher income levels or under water scarcity, and alternative institutions could yield Pareto improvements.
Publisher
MIT Press,Oxford University Press,Univ. Press
Subject
/ Children
/ Cleaning
/ Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D120
/ Costs
/ Diarrhea
/ Economic Development: Agriculture
/ Energy
/ Financing, Government - economics
/ Financing, Government - history
/ Financing, Government - legislation & jurisprudence
/ Government Programs - economics
/ Government Programs - education
/ Government Programs - history
/ Government Programs - legislation & jurisprudence
/ Health
/ Income
/ Kenya
/ Public Facilities - economics
/ Public Facilities - legislation & jurisprudence
/ Public Health - legislation & jurisprudence
/ Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water Q250
/ Scarcity
/ Studies
/ Valuation of Environmental Effects Q510
/ Water
/ Water Pollutants - economics
/ Water Supply - legislation & jurisprudence
/ Welfare
