Journal Article

A prospective case-control study on miRNA circulating levels in subjects born small for gestational age (SGA) evaluated from childhood into young adulthood

Berinder, Katarina, Germani, Daniela, Deodati, Annalisa, Inzaghi, Elena, Cianfarani, Stefano, Kistner, Anna, Vanpee, Mireille, Legnevall, Lena

2020

Overview

microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with metabolic risk have never been extensively investigated in SGA subjects. The aim of the current study was to evaluate miRNAs in SGA and AGA subjects and their relationships with the metabolic status and growth. A prospective longitudinal case-control study was performed in 23 SGA with postnatal catch-up growth and 27 AGA subjects evaluated at the age of 9 and 21 years. Circulating levels of miR-122-5p, miR-16-5p, miR-126-3p, and miR-486-5p were assessed by qPCR. SGA subjects were shorter both at 9 and at 21 years. No significant differences in insulin like growth factors and metabolic profile were found with the exception of basal glycemia at 9 years. miRNA levels did not differ between SGA and AGA subjects, at 9 and 21 years. miR-16-5p and miR-126-3p levels were higher at 9 than at 21 years. In SGA subjects, miR-122-5p at 9 years was inversely related to adiponectin levels at 21 years and miR-486-5p at 9 years was inversely related to whole-body insulin sensitivity at 9 years and directly related to Hb1Ac at 21 years. Regression analyses showed no predictive value of miRNAs for growth parameters in neither SGA nor AGA subjects. SGA with postnatal catch-up growth did not show any difference in metabolic risk markers or miRNA circulating levels compared to AGA controls in childhood and young adulthood. miR-122-5p during childhood could identify SGA subjects at higher risk of developing insulin resistance and, eventually, type 2 diabetes in adulthood but further studies are needed to confirm it.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Adiponectin / Adiponectin - blood / Adolescent / Adults / Age / Analysis / Apolipoproteins / Biology and life sciences / Birth weight / Blood glucose / Body mass index / Case studies / Case-Control Studies / Child / Childhood / Children / Cholesterol / Circulating MicroRNA - blood / Congenital diseases / Diabetes mellitus / Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) / Evaluation / Families & family life / Fasting / Female / Gene expression / Gene Expression Regulation / Gestational age / Glucose / Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism / Growth factors / Hospitals / Humans / Infant, Small for Gestational Age - blood / Insulin / Insulin Resistance / Insulin-like growth factors / Male / Medicine and Health Sciences / Metabolism / MicroRNA / MicroRNAs / miRNA / Obesity / Patients / People and Places / Population / Pregnancy / Prospective Studies / Regression Analysis / Risk / Small for gestational age / Triglycerides / Type 2 diabetes / Womens health / Young Adult / Young adults