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Spatiotemporal regulation of liquid-like condensates in epigenetic inheritance
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Spatiotemporal regulation of liquid-like condensates in epigenetic inheritance
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Journal Article
Spatiotemporal regulation of liquid-like condensates in epigenetic inheritance
2018
Overview
Non-membrane-bound organelles such as nucleoli, processing bodies, Cajal bodies and germ granules form by the spontaneous self-assembly of specific proteins and RNAs. How these biomolecular condensates form and interact is poorly understood. Here we identify two proteins, ZNFX-1 and WAGO-4, that localize to
Caenorhabditis elegans
germ granules (P granules) in early germline blastomeres. Later in germline development, ZNFX-1 and WAGO-4 separate from P granules to define an independent liquid-like condensate that we term the Z granule. In adult germ cells, Z granules assemble into ordered tri-condensate assemblages with P granules and
Mutator
foci, which we term PZM granules. Finally, we show that one biological function of ZNFX-1 and WAGO-4 is to interact with silencing RNAs in the
C. elegans
germline to direct transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. We speculate that the temporal and spatial ordering of liquid droplet organelles may help cells to organize and coordinate the complex RNA processing pathways that underlie gene-regulatory systems, such as RNA-directed transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
ZNFX-1 and WAGO-4 localize to germ granules in early
Caenorhabditis elegans
embryogenesis and later separate to form independent liquid-like droplets, and the temporal and spatial ordering of these droplets may help cells to organize complex RNA processing pathways.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
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/ Animals
/ Argonaute Proteins - genetics
/ Argonaute Proteins - metabolism
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - cytology
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - enzymology
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - genetics
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - metabolism
/ Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - genetics
/ Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - metabolism
/ DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
/ Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
/ Genes
/ Heredity
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Kinases
/ Mutation
/ Nucleoli
/ Proteins
/ RNA
/ Science
/ Worms
