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African swine fever virus I267L acts as an important virulence factor by inhibiting RNA polymerase III-RIG-I-mediated innate immunity
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African swine fever virus I267L acts as an important virulence factor by inhibiting RNA polymerase III-RIG-I-mediated innate immunity
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African swine fever virus I267L acts as an important virulence factor by inhibiting RNA polymerase III-RIG-I-mediated innate immunity
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Journal Article
African swine fever virus I267L acts as an important virulence factor by inhibiting RNA polymerase III-RIG-I-mediated innate immunity
2022
Overview
ASFV is a large DNA virus that is highly pathogenic in domestic pigs. How this virus is sensed by the innate immune system as well as why it is so virulent remains enigmatic. In this study, we show that the ASFV genome contains AT-rich regions that are recognized by the DNA-directed RNA polymerase III (Pol-III), leading to viral RNA sensor RIG-I-mediated innate immune responses. We further show that ASFV protein I267L inhibits RNA Pol-III-RIG-I-mediated innate antiviral responses. I267L interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Riplet, disrupts Riplet-RIG-I interaction and impairs Riplet-mediated K63-polyubiquitination and activation of RIG-I. I267L-deficient ASFV induces higher levels of interferon-β, and displays compromised replication both in primary macrophages and pigs compared with wild-type ASFV. Furthermore, I267L-deficiency attenuates the virulence and pathogenesis of ASFV in pigs. These findings suggest that ASFV I267L is an important virulence factor by impairing innate immune responses mediated by the RNA Pol-III-RIG-I axis.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ African Swine Fever - immunology
/ African Swine Fever Virus - immunology
/ African Swine Fever Virus - pathogenicity
/ Animals
/ DNA
/ Genes
/ Genomes
/ Hogs
/ Immunity, Innate - immunology
/ Medicine and Health Sciences
/ Proteins
/ Receptors, Cell Surface - immunology
/ Research and Analysis Methods
/ RNA
/ RNA Polymerase III - immunology
/ Swine
/ Virulence Factors - immunology
/ Viruses
