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The influence of place of sports training and date of birth on the professionalization of elite soccer players in Brazil
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The influence of place of sports training and date of birth on the professionalization of elite soccer players in Brazil
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Journal Article
The influence of place of sports training and date of birth on the professionalization of elite soccer players in Brazil
2025
Overview
This study aimed to investigate the Effect of Relative Age (EIR) and the Effect of Place of Birth (ELN) on the professionalisation of soccer players by conducting a comparative analysis of their place of birth, initiation, and professionalisation. The sample consisted of 1,101 male elite players from the Brasileirão Série A championship between 2018 and 2021. The players' birthdates were analysed by month and grouped into quartiles. The results confirmed the EIR, as a higher percentage of players were born in the first quarter of the year: Q1 (Jan-Mar) 34%, Q2 (Apr-Jun) 29%, Q3 (Jul-Sep) 22%, and Q4 (Oct-Dec) 15%. These findings indicate a significant overrepresentation of older players (Q1) compared to younger ones (Q4). Regarding ELN, birthplace distribution was compared with the general population across different community sizes. The results (Table 2) confirmed that players tend to come from large metropolitan areas (cities with over 5,000,000 inhabitants), which accounted for 19.3% of the players. Interestingly, players from small towns (fewer than 49,999 inhabitants) represented 17.9%, even though such towns make up 40.4% of Brazilian municipalities. A migration trend was also observed in initiation cities (CI) and professional cities (CP), favouring high-density urban centres. In CI, 24.4% of players trained in cities with more than 5,000,000 inhabitants. In CP, this percentage increased to 28.5%, concentrated in just two cities. The data suggest that players tend to relocate to urban centres with populations exceeding 1,000,000, where Brazil's major soccer clubs are located, particularly in the Southeast and South regions. This study provides a new mapping of the profile of Brazilian soccer players, identifying their regions of origin and the development of their professional careers.
Publisher
Edições Desafio Singular
Subject
