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Near-Field Vibrational Energy Transfer for Mid-Infrared Upconversion in Plasmonic Nanogaps
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Near-Field Vibrational Energy Transfer for Mid-Infrared Upconversion in Plasmonic Nanogaps
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Paper
Near-Field Vibrational Energy Transfer for Mid-Infrared Upconversion in Plasmonic Nanogaps
2026
Overview
F\"orster energy transfer underpins modern photonics, yet establishing an analogous vibrational pathway in the mid-infrared (MIR) remains highly challenging, as sub-picosecond intramolecular vibrational redistribution (IVR) suppresses intermolecular coupling. Here we demonstrate vibrational donor--acceptor transfer in the MIR and subsequent upconversion to visible luminescence enabled by sub-2 nm plasmonic nanogaps. The extreme lateral field confinement in metal--molecule--metal ring cavities defined by self-assembled molecular spacers couples efficiently to in-plane molecular dipoles. Continuous-wave MIR excitation selectively populates \\(-C\\) vibrational donors, and plasmon-enhanced near-field coupling transfers this energy to nearby electronic acceptors, generating anti-Stokes visible emission under low power densities. Upconversion efficiencies exceeding \\(0.3\\%\\) are observed, limited by competition between the plasmon-mediated transfer rate and IVR. These results show that extreme plasmonic confinement can redirect molecular vibrational relaxation pathways, opening a route toward vibrational nanophotonics, intermolecular interactions for bioimaging, and room-temperature MIR detection based on molecular degrees of freedom.
Publisher
Cornell University Library, arXiv.org
Subject
