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Developing a Conceptual Model of Compassion in Healthcare Transitions
Compassion stands as a fundamental element in pediatric healthcare. Compassionate care is critical in delivering treatments and also in shaping the holistic experience of patients and their families. Yet, a unified understanding of what constitutes compassion from the perspectives and preferences of pediatric patients and their families is unknown. In particular, the significance of compassionate care during transitions from pediatric to adult healthcare cannot be overstated, especially for youth with disabilities. Numerous challenges exist during care transitions from pediatric to adult healthcare including navigating fragmented systems, unfamiliar healthcare environments, and a lack of tailored support systems. Addressing these challenges necessitates an evolution of existing conceptual models of compassion, tailored to meet the unique needs and experiences of the transition-age population. This qualitative study employed framework analysis, informed by the Compassion in Health Care Empirical Model by Sinclair et al. (2015) aiming to refine a conceptual model of compassionate care during the transition from pediatric to adult healthcare. The research involved a multidisciplinary team comprising researchers, healthcare professionals, youth participants, and family caregivers who collaborated in the design, implementation, and monitoring of the study. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 15 youth and 8 caregivers, followed by theoretical sampling to achieve diversity. Data collection occurred via telephone interviews and MS Teams focus groups, exploring experiences and perspectives on compassionate care in healthcare transitions. Analysis involved staged coding, framework analysis, and constant comparative analysis. Preliminary analysis has resulted in a model of compassion in health care transitions. This model may include elements such as empathetic communication, personalized support networks, proactive guidance through healthcare system shifts, inclusive and accessible healthcare environments, empowerment in decision-making processes, and ongoing holistic support beyond medical interventions, all fostering a compassionate continuum of care. Unlike existing compassionate care models, our findings highlight the evolving medical needs necessitating educational transitions, social adjustments, and a greater reliance on family support structures. Additionally, compassionate care in the context of youth with disability require consideration of the emotional aspects of transitioning from pediatric to adult care, making the need for tailored compassionate care more pronounced. The impact of our study lies in illuminating the nuanced needs during healthcare transitions in the context of youth with disabilities and their caregivers, offering insights that can inform tailored compassionate care strategies. Moving forward, our next steps entail refining the model of compassion in health care transitions, potentially implementing and testing these strategies in real-world healthcare settings to improve transitional care practices globally.
Journal Article
Caring for the caregivers: Evaluation of the effect of an eight-week pilot mindful self-compassion (MSC) training program on nurses’ compassion fatigue and resilience
Nurses vicariously exposed to the suffering of those in their care are at risk of compassion fatigue. Emerging research suggests that self-compassion interventions may provide protective factors and enhance resilience. This pilot study examined the effect of an eight-week Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training intervention on nurses' compassion fatigue and resilience and participants' lived experience of the effect of the training.
This observational mixed research pilot study adopted an evaluation design framework. It comprised of a single group and evaluated the effects of a pilot MSC intervention by analyzing the pre- and post-change scores in self-compassion, mindfulness, secondary trauma, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and resilience. The sample of the nurses' (N = 13) written responses to the question, \"How did you experience the effect of this pilot MSC training?\" were also analyzed.
The Pre- to Post- scores of secondary trauma and burnout declined significantly and were negatively associated with self-compassion (r = -.62, p = .02) (r = -.55, p = .05) and mindfulness (r = -.54, p = .05). (r = -.60, p = .03), respectively. Resilience and compassion satisfaction scores increased. All variables demonstrated a large effect size: Mean (M) Cohen's d = 1.23. The qualitative emergent themes corroborated the quantitative findings and expanded the understanding about how MSC on the job practices enhanced nurses' coping.
This is the first study to examine the effect of a pilot (MSC) training program on nurses' compassion fatigue and resilience in this new area of research. It provides some preliminary empirical evidence in support of the theorized benefits of self-compassion training for nurses. However, further research, such as a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) with a larger sample size and a longitudinal study, is required to see if the benefits of self-compassion training are sustainable.
Journal Article
Self-Compassion Interventions to Target Secondary Traumatic Stress in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review
Healthcare professionals’ wellbeing can be adversely affected by the intense demands of, and the secondary traumatic stress associated with, their job. Self-compassion is associated with positive wellbeing outcomes across a variety of workforce populations and is potentially an important skill for healthcare workers, as it offers a way of meeting one’s own distress with kindness and understanding. This systematic review aimed to synthesise and evaluate the utility of self-compassion interventions in reducing secondary traumatic stress in a healthcare worker population. Eligible articles were identified from research databases, including ProQuest, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and EBSCO. The quality of non-randomised and randomised trials was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The literature search yielded 234 titles, from which 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies reported promising effects of self-compassion training for secondary traumatic stress in a healthcare population, although these did not use controls. The methodological quality of these studies was medium. This highlights a research gap in this area. Three of these four studies recruited workers from Western countries and one recruited from a non-Western country. The Professional Quality of Life Scale was used to evaluate secondary traumatic stress in all studies. The findings show preliminary evidence that self-compassion training may improve secondary traumatic stress in healthcare professional populations; however, there is a need for greater methodological quality in this field and controlled trials. The findings also show that the majority of research was conducted in Western countries. Future research should focus on a broader range of geographical locations to include non-Western countries.
Journal Article
The Development and Validation of the State Self-Compassion Scale (Long- and Short Form)
Objectives
The purpose of this research was to create two state measures of self-compassion based on the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS): an 18-item State Self-Compassion Scale-Long form (SSCS-L) that could be used to measure the six components of self-compassion, and a six-item State Self-Compassion Scale-Short form (SSCS-S) that could be used as a measure of global state self-compassion.
Methods
Study 1 (
N
= 588) used a community sample to select items for the SSCS-L and SSCS-S. Confirmatory Factor Analyses, Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), and bifactor modeling were used to analyze the factor structure of the SSCS-L and SSCS-S. Predictive validity was assessed by examining associations with positive and negative affect. Study 2 (
N
= 411) used a student sample to examine the psychometric properties of the SSCS-L and SSCS-S after a self-compassion mindstate induction (SCMI) to determine if its factor structure would remain unchanged after manipulation. Study 3 (
N
= 139) examined the psychometric properties of the SSCS-S alone.
Results
The SSCS-L had good psychometric properties and SSCS-S was also adequate. A bifactor-ESEM representation (with one global factor and six components) was supported for the SSCS-L, and a single factor was supported for the SSCS-S. Both scales were reliable. Psychometric properties were unchanged after the experimental manipulation of self-compassion. A total state self-compassion score and subscale scores were associated with positive and negative affect in the expected directions.
Conclusions
The SSCS-L and SSCS-S appear to be valid measures of state self-compassion.
Journal Article
Good morning, I love you : mindfulness and self-compassion practices to rewire your brain for calm, clarity, and joy
\"This book explores the science of changing the brain and the mind, demonstrating that we can carve out new pathways in any moment, lifelong. It all comes down to where you put your attention and what you practice ... Mindful self-compassion is what works to change the brain when dealing with hardship and suffering\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Effects of Motivational Messages Sent to Emergency Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Job Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue, and Communication Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial
During the COVID-19 pandemic, emergency nurses have been adversely affected physically, socially, and psychologically by factors such as increased workload, longer working hours, isolation from family, and limited resources. This study aimed to investigate the effect of motivational messages sent to emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic on their job satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and communication skills.
This was a randomized controlled experimental study. The study was conducted with 60 emergency nurses in 2 training and research hospitals in Istanbul between July 31 and August 31, 2021. The participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. Participants in the intervention group (n = 30) received daily motivational messages to their mobile phones by short message service for 21 days; those in the control group (n = 30) received no motivational messages. The Job Satisfaction Scale, Compassion Fatigue Scale, and Communication Skills Scale were administered before and after the intervention.
The mean age was 29.8 (SD = 7.5) and 28.7 years (SD = 6.9) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Before the intervention, there were no significant differences in the groups' scores for job satisfaction (P = .561), compassion fatigue (P = .687), or communication skills (P = .355). After the intervention, the intervention group had significantly higher scores for job satisfaction (P < .001) and communication skills (P < .001) and significantly lower compassion fatigue scores than the control group (P < .001).
Our results suggest that motivational messages sent to emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic increase job satisfaction and improve communication skills while reducing compassion fatigue.
Journal Article