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Objetivo: Describir las aptitudes físicas en niños futbolistas entre los siete a 11 años. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo con 41 participantes seleccionados de forma no probabilística. La fuerza, resistencia, velocidad y flexibilidad fueron medidas. Resultados: A los siete años, el 66.6 % se encuentra entre el percentil (P) P50 y P97 en la flexibilidad; en la resistencia, entre el P50 y P75; mientras que la prueba de velocidad de reacción obtuvo un bajo desempeño (66.6 %). En los ocho años, se clasificó entre el P50 y P97 en las pruebas de lanzamiento atrás y lanzamiento horizontal, pero en la prueba de velocidad de 20 m el 66 % fue pobre. Un 75 % de los deportistas de nueve años, en la prueba de velocidad, se encuentran en un P menor a 25; en contraste, en la flexibilidad, el 50 % fue bueno. En la velocidad de reacción, los niños de 10 años están entre el P75 y P97, con un 46.6 %, mientras que en la resistencia el 66.6 % fue pobre. Los niños de 11 años, en las pruebas de salto horizontal y velocidad de 20 m, fueron extremadamente buenos. Al analizar la resistencia y flexibilidad no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > .05). Por el contrario, entre la velocidad máxima, velocidad de reacción y fuerza explosiva hubo diferencias estadísticas (p < .05) al comparar entre las edades. Conclusiones: El desempeño mejora a medida que aumenta la edad, sin incluir la prueba de velocidad de 20 m y la resistencia en 1000 m, que tuvieron una relación inversa a la edad. Abstract. Objective: To describe the physical aptitudes in children between seven and 11 years. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design with 41 participants selected in a non-probabilistic way. Strength, endurance, speed, and flexibility were measured. Results: At the age of seven, 66.6% are between the 50th and 97th percentile in flexibility; endurance the same amount between the 50th and 75th percentile, while the reaction speed test obtained a low performance in 66.6%. At the age of 8 years 66% were classified between the 50th and 97th percentile in the back throw and horizontal throw tests, but in the 20 m speed test 66% were poor. 75% of the nine-year-old participants in a lower than 25th percentile for speed, in contrast to flexibility, 50% were good. In reaction speed, 10-year-old children are between the 75th and 97th percentile with 46.6%, while in endurance, 66.6% was poor. The 11-year-olds in the horizontal jump and 20-meter sprint tests were extremely good (44%) and good (55.5%). When analyzing endurance and flexibility, no statistically significant differences were found (p > .05) between the seven and 11 years. While the aptitudes of maximum speed, reaction speed, strength and explosive strength, there were statistically significant differences (p < .05) when comparing the ages. Conclusions: Performance improves as age increases, not including the 20 m speed test and the 1000 m endurance which was inversely related to age.

Objetive: To analyze the effects of kinesiotape on the architecture and flexibility of shortened gastrocnemius muscles in young subjects during three days of application. Method: Twenty-five sedentary youth with shortening of the gastrocnemius muscle were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG=13) intervened with KT for 72 hours and to a control group (CG=12). The flexibility of gastrocnemius and soleus was evaluated. The muscular architecture, represented in the length of the fascicle, thickness and angle of muscular pennation, was evaluated with a Mode B ultrasound in both groups. To determine the effects of KT, a t-test was applied. All analyzes were with a significance of p <0.05. Results: The ultrasonographic results showed a significant increase in the length of the muscular fascicle (p=0.021), and a decrease in the thickness (p=0.037) and pennation angle (p=0.026) post-intervention muscle with KT in the EG. The flexibility of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles increased compared to the application of KT but without significant changes. There were no differences in the analysis between the EG and CG. Conclusion: The application of KT in subjects with shortening of gastrocnemius, allows a better muscular flexibility on the third day of use, possibly favored by a modification in the muscular architecture.

Çalışmada, literatürde kalıcılık üzerinden tanımlanan aidiyet olgusunun dönüşüm ve esneklik üzerinden okunmasına dair araştırma yapılmaktadır. Teorik araştırmalar üzerinden; esnekliğin, zaman, mobilite, dönüşüm ve mekanın dönüşümlere adapte olabilme hali ile paralel çalıştığı okunabilmektedir. Makaledeki esneklik bakışı da bu yörüngede bulunmaktadır. Araştırılan durum ise mekanın bireye adapte olabilme hali olan esneklik kavramının, bireyin mekana adapte olma hali olan aidiyet kavramı ile nasıl bütünleştiğidir. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın amacı; esneklik ile aidiyet kavramlarının ara kesitlerini konut uygulamaları üzerinden ifşa ederek dönüşüm ekseninde bir aidiyet okuması yapmaktır. Özne ve nesne etkileşiminden doğan aidiyet kavramına ilişkisellik olarak bakılmaktadır. Bahsedilen özne-nesne ilişkisinin kurulmasında en temel tetikleyici müdahaledir. Müdahale mekanın kişileştirilmesini ve anlam üretimini getirmektedir. Aynı zamanda müdahalenin sürekliliği mekansal dönüşümü de beraberinde getirdiğinden esneklik ile içkin olmaktadır. Bahsedilen durum İstanbul’un Cihangir semtindeki 1+1 ve 1+0 konut pratikleri üzerinden tartışılmaktadır. Seçilen konutların farklı esneklik şekillerine sahip olması tartışmanın kapsamını genişletmekle beraber zeminini sağlamlaştırmaktadır. Böylelikle teorik altyapıda bahsedilen olgular; görüşme ve gözlem metotları vasıtasıyla okunmuştur. Farklı esneklik tipolojilerindeki mekansal izler, eylemler ve söylemler ortaya çıkarılarak, statik olandan ziyade dönüşebilir ve esnek olanın aidiyet olgusunu tetiklediği ifşa edilmiştir. Aidiyet olgusu, dönüşümcü olandan, dönüştürülebilir olandan ve hatta dönüşümün kendisi tarafından beslenmektedir.

The purpose of this research is to examine how different dimensions of organizational flexibility (strategic, structural, and operational) impact organizational ambidexterity within the higher education sector in Iraq. To collect data, a survey instrument is used and a quantitative approach is adopted, with 85 academic staff members participating out of a targeted sample size of 295 lecturers from colleges and institutes within Duhok Polytechnic University (DPU) located in Duhok city, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Structural Equation Modelling is utilized to determine the direction of the relationship between the variables. Based on the study, it was found that Structure Flexibility has a positive and significant impact on both Exploration and Exploitation of organizational ambidexterity. Additionally, Operational Flexibility also had a significant and positive effect on Exploration and Exploitation. However, the effect of Strategy Flexibility on organizational ambidexterity (Exploration and Exploitation was not significant and surpassed the significance level of 0.05. In addition to the findings, this study addresses the key policy implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research regarding higher education institutions.

Introduo: A mobilizao neural bastante aplicada na pratica clnica. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da mobilizao neural das razes lombares na fora e flexibilidade dos msculos flexores e extensores do joelho. Mtodos: Foram selecionados 14 homens (22,42,87 anos) saudveis. A flexibilidade foi avaliada para flexo de joelho (FJD e FJE), extenso de quadril (EQD e EQE) e coluna lombar (FL). A fora muscular foi avaliada para flexo e extenso do joelho. As avaliaes foram realizadas antes da tcnica (PR), imediatamente aps (PS1) e uma semana aps (PS2). Resultados: Nas avaliaes PS1 e PS2 foi observado aumento significativo da fora muscular na FJE. Para a flexibilidade, na avaliao PS1, observou-se aumento significativo na FJE, EQD e EQE. Concluso: A tcnica de mobilizao neural promoveu aumento da fora dos msculos flexores de joelho esquerdo e da flexibilidade no movimento de flexo de joelho esquerdo, extenso de quadril direito e esquerdo em homens sedentrios saudveis.

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Range of motion measurements of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) are an essential component in assessing and classifying hallux rigidus (HR). However, they provide little information about joint function and are limited by variability in technique. As an alternative, measuring joint flexibility can characterize intrinsic properties of the joint—aside from simply maximum dorsiflexion and plantarflexion—that may prove more clinically meaningful. No prior study has assessed hallux MTPJ flexibility in patients with HR. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the reliability of a custom flexibility device and to compare flexibility between HR patients and controls. Methods: Fifteen patients with Coughlin stage II or III HR indicated for cheilectomy and 20 healthy controls were recruited prospectively. Each of two raters performed a series of seated and standing tests on each subject with the device. Dorsiflexion angle and applied torque were plotted against each other to generate a flexibility curve. “Early flexibility” and “late flexibility” were defined as the slope of the curve in the first 25% and last 25% of motion, respectively. From these two parameters, three additional parameters were calculated: laxity angle, laxity torque, and torque angle (Figure). Differences between (1) HR patients and controls and (2) sitting and standing testing positions were assessed with t-tests. Intra-rater test-retest reliability, remove- replace reliability, and inter-rater reliability were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: Patients in the HR group were older than patients in the control group (p < 0.001) and had significantly lower maximum dorsiflexion (p < 0.001). HR patients were less flexible as measured by three of the five flexibility parameters: early flexibility (p = 0.027), laxity angle (p < 0.001), and torque angle (p = 0.002). After controlling for age on seated measurements, only laxity angle and maximum dorsiflexion differed significantly between HR patients and controls (p < 0.001). Generally, patients were more flexible in the seated position than in the standing position, with this effect being more marked in HR patients. All parameters had good or excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.60). Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate a reliable method of measuring first MTPJ flexibility in patients with HR. We found that flexibility, even early in the arc of motion, is impaired in patients with HR. Moreover, significant differences between sitting and standing measurements suggest that soft tissue tension may be a major contributor to this finding. We do not know yet how flexibility of the joint relates to symptomatology, or if the surgeries performed for HR affect flexibility. Further research will be required to determine the clinical utility of these measurements.

Nowadays, problems facing Distribution System Operators (DSOs) due to demand increase and the wide penetration of renewable energy are usually solved by means of grid reinforcement. However, the smart grid paradigm enables the deployment of demand flexibility for congestion management in distribution grids. This could substitute, or at least postpone, these needed investments. A key role in this scheme is the aggregator, who can act as a “flexibility provider” collecting the available flexibility from the consumers. Under this paradigm, this paper proposes a flexibility market led by the DSO and aimed at solving distribution grid congestions. The proposal also includes a flexibility market clearing algorithm, which is easy to implement, has low computational requirements and considers the energy rebound effect. The proposed design has the advantage of excluding the DSO’s need for trading in energy markets. Also, the solution algorithm proposed is fully compatible with already existing grid analysis tools. The proposed electricity market is tested with two case studies from a real Spanish distribution network, where the proposed clearing algorithm is used, and finally, results are presented and discussed.

Introduction: The volume in a resistance exercise (RE) session can change flexibility. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the acute effect of a training session with different volumes flexibility, immediately after the session and 24 and 48 hours after the training session. Methods: Study participants were 61 volunteers (24.31 ± 0,81 year) males randomly assigned to three groups: control group (CG), two series (G2S) and three series (G3S). All groups were assessed before and after training in the sit and reach test, Goniometry (shoulder, elbow, hip, knee and spine) and test 10 Maximum Repetitions (RM). The training was composed of nine exercises that involved all tested joints and was run 10 repetitions of each exercise with moderate intensity. Results: There was an increase of the flexibility levels for most shoulder movements; hip (extension) and trunk (flexion and extension) when comparing before and after training for all undergoing training groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A RE session with different volumes is able to modify the flexibility of triaxial joints. Introdução: O volume em uma sessão de treinamento de força (TF) pode alterar a flexibilidade. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito agudo de uma sessão de TF com diferentes volumes na flexibilidade, imediatamente após o término da sessão e 24 e 48 horas após. Métodos: Sessenta e um voluntários (24,31±0,81anos) do sexo masculino distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), duas série (G2S) e três séries (G3S). Todos os grupos foram avaliados pré e pós-treinamento no teste de sentar e alcançar, Goniometria (ombro, cotovelo, quadril, joelho e coluna) e teste de 10 Repetições Máximas (RM). O treinamento foi composto por nove exercícios que envolviam todas as articulações avaliadas e executado 10 repetições. Resultados: Houve aumento dos níveis de flexibilidade para maioria dos movimentos do ombro; quadril (extensão) e tronco (flexão e extensão) quando comparadas as situações pré e pós-treinamento para todos os grupos submetidos ao treinamento (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Uma sessão de ER com diferentes volumes é capaz de modificar a flexibilidade de articulações triaxiais.