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Attitudes and Beliefs as Predictors of Psi Effects in a Pseudo-Gambling Task/ Actitudes y Creencias como Predictores de Efectos Psi en una Tarea de Pseudo-Juego/ Attitudes et croyances en tant que predicteurs d'effets psi dans une pseudo-tache de jeu de hasard/ Einstellungen und Uberzeugungen als Pradiktoren fur Psi-Effekte in einer Pseudo Glucksspielaufgabe
Believers in psi (sheep) will use psi to hit a target, but as far as non-believers (goats) are concerned, the conventional understanding is that they will inadvertently use psi to avoid the target. In other words, goats do not tend to psi hit; they tend only to score at chance or occasionally psi miss, and since the sheep-goat effect is sufficiently demonstrated when sheep score significantly higher than goats, little thought is given to the fact that goats are never specifically asked to psi miss. The present study looks at the sheep-goat effect in the context of compliance (from sheep) and noncompliance (from goats). The psi task is five trials at guessing the Ace of Spades playing card while avoiding Ace of Clubs. We administered tests of paranormal belief, belief in luck, and attitudes towards gambling to determine correlates of psi performance. All the gambling attitude scales inter-correlated significantly as did most luck scales. For the whole sample (N = 120), effect sizes were at chance for spade-hitting and club-hitting as was the case for sheep and goats. Sheep and goats did not score differently from each other on either psi measure, and none of the scales correlated significantly with the two psi measures. The spade-hitting/ club-hitting correlation was negative and significant thus replicating the effect reported by Storm and Thalbourne (2005b). This correlation suggests that if participants successfully targeted Ace of Spades they tended to avoid Ace of Clubs (and vice versa), but more is implied--participants could still avoid noncompliance (if they were sheep) or compliance (if they were goats) by displacing to King cards. Also, belief in psi and luck, and attitudes toward gambling (whether positive or negative) do not appear to influence gambling success.
Journal Article
Kids
\"This search-and-find book invites early readers to look for new vocabulary words and pictures of baby goats. Gives simple facts about goat kids living on a farm\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Artisanal Goat ICoalho/I Cheese with Cachaça as Flavoring Agent
Cachaça is a traditional Brazilian drink that has the potential to offer a new sensory and technological strategy for artisanal cheesemaking, particularly for small-scale producers and family farming. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cachaça immersion on the physicochemical, microbiological, color, texture, and sensory parameters of artisanal goat coalho cheeses using three different varieties of cachaça immersion. The results showed that cachaça immersion did not affect the cheese's proximate composition or starter culture viability, indicating its suitability as a new method for artisanal cheese production. Additionally, gold cachaça aged in oak casks was the most effective variety for sensory acceptance and purchase intention, suggesting that it may be a valuable strategy for small-scale producers to add value and encourage the consumption of artisanal goat coalho cheeses without compromising their quality. Thus, this study provides important insights for small-scale producers and family farming to enhance their product offerings and increase their competitiveness in the market.
Journal Article
The story of a goat
\"In his brilliant new novel, Perumal Murugan paints a bucolic yet menacing portrait of the rural lives of India's farming community through the story of a helpless young animal lost in a world it naively misunderstands. A farmer in Tamil Nadu is watching the sun set over his village one evening when a mysterious stranger, a giant man, appears on the horizon. He offers the farmer a black goat kid who is the runt of the litter, surely too frail to survive. The farmer and his wife take care of the young she-goat, whom they name Poonachi, and soon the little goat is bounding with joy and growing prodigiously. Intoxicating passages from the goat's perspective offer a bawdy and earthy view of animal existence and a refreshing portrayal of the natural world. But Poonachi's life is not destined to be a rural idyll-dangers lurk around every corner, and may sometimes come from surprising places, including a government that is supposed to protect the weak and needy. With allegorical resonance for contemporary society and examining hierarchies of caste and color, The Story of a Goat is a provocative but heartwarming fable from a world-class storyteller\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Dexter the very good goat
Dexter is the biggest, strongest, and most patient goat at the petting zoo, but that does not make it easier to stand still when the Keepers come to trim his hooves.
Book
Comparison of Joint Space Measurements between Supine and Weightbearing Anteroposterior Pelvis Radiographs for Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy
Objectives:
Osteoarthritis and joint space narrowing of the hip have been correlated with poor outcomes and conversion to arthroplasty after hip arthroscopy. However, a standardized protocol for radiographic measurement of minimal joint space width of the hip has not been developed. We hypothesized that minimal joint space width would be significantly lower on the affected side in weightbearing anteroposterior pelvis radiographs versus supine radiographs. We also hypothesized that radiographs with single-leg stance would show the lowest minimal joint space width.
Methods:
Thirty-one consecutive adult patients with hip pain were prospectively enrolled and each had single-leg and double-leg weightbearing and supine anteroposterior pelvis radiographs in a standardized position. Two independent investigators determined minimal joint space width. Differences between minimal JSW as well as intra- and interobserver reliability were calculated. One and 2-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the measurements. Power analysis determined that recruitment of 30 patients was necessary to achieve 90% power. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results:
No significant differences in joint space width were found between supine or weightbearing radiographs for any pelvis site (Figure 1). Comparing those under 50 years of age to those older than 50 years of age, mean joint space width was 3.5±0.5 vs. 3.0±0.9 in the supine position, 3.2±0.8 vs. 3.0±1.0 during double-leg stance, and 3.5±0.5 vs. 3.0±1.1 during single-leg stance (P=0.002).
Conclusion:
Our data showed no significant difference in joint space width among anteroposterior single-leg or double-leg weightbearing or supine radiographs at any location measured. These findings suggest that either weightbearing or supine radiographs can be used to evaluate hip joint space width and that all locations provide a similar indication of joint space width. These findings support the use of a single view for the evaluation of JSW in patients with hip pain, which may allow for a less burdensome clinical workflow.
Table 1.
Supine (mm)
WB double-leg stance (mm)
WB single-leg stance (mm)
P-value
Lateral sourcil
4.21.0
4.31.0
4.31.1
0.77
Middle sourcil
4.0
4.01.0
3.91.0
0.91
Fovea
3.4
3.41.0
3.30.9
0.95
Journal Article
Raising goats naturally : the complete guide to milk, meat, and more
\"Incorporating dairy goats into a diversified homestead can be key to greater self-sufficiency. Responding to questions and concerns from readers from all over North America and beyond, this fully revised and expanded edition will help readers raise goats to produce milk, cheese, meat, and more, without relying on drugs or the factory farm model.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
