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Two cognitive processes have been explored that compensate for the limited information that can be perceived and remembered at any given moment. The first parsimonious cognitive process is object categorization. We naturally relate objects to their category, assume they share relevant category properties, often disregarding irrelevant characteristics. Another scene organizing mechanism is representing aspects of the visual world in terms of summary statistics. Spreading attention over a group of objects with some similarity, one perceives an ensemble representation of the group. Without encoding detailed information of individuals, observers process summary data concerning the group, including set mean for various features (from circle size to face expression). Just as categorization may include/depend on prototype and intercategory boundaries, so set perception includes property mean and range. We now explore common features of these processes. We previously investigated summary perception of low-level features with a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm and found that participants perceive both the mean and range extremes of stimulus sets, automatically, implicitly, and on-the-fly, for each RSVP sequence, independently. We now use the same experimental paradigm to test category representation of high-level objects. We find participants perceive categorical characteristics better than they code individual elements. We relate category prototype to set mean and same/different category to in/out-of-range elements, defining a direct parallel between low-level set perception and high-level categorization. The implicit effects of mean or prototype and set or category boundaries are very similar. We suggest that object categorization may share perceptual-computational mechanisms with set summary statistics perception.

O objetivo desse estudo transversal foi investigar a relação entre os traços de perfeccionismo e a percepção de coesão de grupo em atletas de futsal. Participaram 301 atletas da Liga Nacional de Futsal 2013 com média de idade de 25,48±4,90 anos. Os instrumentos foram: Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo para o Esporte-2 e o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo. Para análise foi conduzida por meio dos testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, MANOVA, Correlação de Pearson e Regressão Múltipla (p<0,05). Os resultados evidenciaram que os traços de perfeccionismo adaptativo se associaram positivamente com a coesão social dos atletas das equipes não classificadas para a fase final da competição. Os traços de perfeccionismo mal adaptativo se associaram negativamente com a coesão social e para tarefa, com exceção da \"pressão parental percebida\" que apresentou uma predição positiva em todos os grupos de atletas na coesão social e para tarefa. Os atletas não classificados apresentaram maior escore de coesão para tarefa, e os reservas apresentaram maior coesão social. Concluiu-se que existe uma relação positiva entre o perfeccionismo adaptativo e a percepção de coesão social em atletas não classificados, além de uma relação negativa entre as dimensões de perfeccionismo mal adaptativo e a coesão de grupo.

IntroductionFishermen are an occupational group who are typically highly exposed to water based risk, and face consequences of disaster frequently. A number of fishermen have experienced both fatal and non-fatal drowning, although fishermen are generally not treated as a vulnerable community. There is very limited knowledge on the context of drowning in fishermen and opportunities for prevention in fisherman in Bangladesh.ObjectivesTo explore current safety management perceptions and practices among the fishermen.MethodsAn anthropological study captured data through in-depth interviews (IDIs-16) and focus group (FGD-3) discussion with fishermen, key informant interviews (KI-4) with lenders and boat owners, we also conducted observations (6) of fishing practices. Data were transcribed and coded into NVIVO-11 software. Data were analyzed by content and thematic areas.ResultsMost fishermen perceived drowning as a natural incident or as ‘God’s will’ and therefore it cannot be prevented. Many fishermen did not take any safety equipment, as they believe in the case of bad weather they will able to come to inland and also think as fishermen they are strong enough to rescue themselves. They thought themselves as very good swimmers and perceived they could rescue themselves by floating equipment such as that used to float fishing nets. Majority of fishermen reported not carrying any safety equipment as they thought it is necessary only for fishing in the sea. Furthermore, the fishermen reported that as they need to store fish in their boat and there is no space remain to keep safety equipment.ConclusionMost of the fishermen did not perceive drowning as an occupational hazard, had no training of use of life-saving equipment and rescue and did not have adequate safety equipment. Community awareness along with first aid, safety equipment and training are necessary to reduce drowning risk in marginalized fishermen community in Bangladesh.

We argue in the present article that cumulatively over time, inexorable as it is, like change with the evolvement of time, perceptions and values remain immutable to the demands of the day in any society, wittingly or unwittingly. The hearty professor of Political Science from the University of Zimbabwe and former Cabinet Minister in the late former President R G Mugabe’s reign, Professor Jonathan Moyo once remarked: ‘Only a fool does not change his mind’. Does anyone who does change their minds/perspectives answer to the call of wisdom or they actually buttress the foolishness therein ingrained in their life’s outlook/worldview, generally? What is there to gain or lose by adjusting perceptions, positions, persuasions, and strategies to be an active agent in the pursuit of life in its fullness? Is it a crime to shift perceptions in whatever area of one’s life? Is joy always the outcome? In any case, on what authority can one conclusively argue that life is only about the pursuit of happiness, for everyone?

We argue in the present article that cumulatively over time, inexorable as it is, like change with the evolvement of time, perceptions and values remain immutable to the demands of the day in any society, wittingly or unwittingly. The hearty professor of Political Science from the University of Zimbabwe and former Cabinet Minister in the late former President R G Mugabe’s reign, Professor Jonathan Moyo once remarked: ‘Only a fool does not change his mind’. Does anyone who does change their minds/perspectives answer to the call of wisdom or they actually buttress the foolishness therein ingrained in their life’s outlook/worldview, generally? What is there to gain or lose by adjusting perceptions, positions, persuasions, and strategies to be an active agent in the pursuit of life in its fullness? Is it a crime to shift perceptions in whatever area of one’s life? Is joy always the outcome? In any case, on what authority can one conclusively argue that life is only about the pursuit of happiness, for everyone?

In the first comprehensive study of the relationship between music and language from the standpoint of cognitive neuroscience, Aniruddh D. Patel challenges the widespread belief that music and language are processed independently. This volume argues that music and language share deep and critical connections, and that comparative research provides a powerful way to study the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying these uniquely human abilities.

The research aimed to analyze the perception of Paralympic sport athletes about the influence of sports practice for social inclusion. For this, 19 athletes from Bocce, Wheelchair Basketball and Sitting Volleyball from the city of Maringá-PR participated. As a research instrument, opted for the unstructured interview, with the data collected and analyzed based on the assumptions of the content analysis and organized with the aid of the N Vivo software. It was Evidenced that the sport and its unfolding contribute to the quality of life and inclusion of the people involved, however, the inclusion is carried out in certain spaces and among people with disabilities. It is concluded with this, that the involvement with the Paralympic sport does not contribute to the social inclusion of the subjects, even contributing to gains for the athletes' lives.

PALABRAS CLAVES: deducción, Derrida, Descartes, intuición, representación, signo « Le langage de nos classiques nous renvoie done, surtout, a une experience visuelle et meme, faut-il ajouter, surtout a l'expérience statique ou l'objet se fixe a nos yeux » (Belaval, 1990 : 25) « [...] ce qui cause directement la perception n'est pas l'objet lui-meme, mais une image qui en derive ou l'exprime selon des lois projectives, une image qui ne ressemble pas nécessairement a ce qu'elle représente, une image qui n'est pas réellement perçue, mais qui plutôt est déchiffrée, lue, comme peut l'etre une parole ou un signe du langage. » Tout le projet philosophique de Descartes est habité par cette volonté de « voir », puisqu'il propose un mouvement érotico-philosophique qui consiste a lever les voiles qui nous offusquent le réel afin de le voir, enfin, dans toute sa nudité3. A tel point que Serres (1968 : 191-195), Foucault (1966 : 64-72) ou Merleau-Ponty7 ont insisté sur le paradigme tactile de la perception externe, la rabattant sur le modele de l'immédiateté, de la non-médiation et de la coprésence du senti et du sentant, c'est-a-dire, du vu et du voyant. Nous trouverions alors chez Descartes, la manifestation, au cœur meme du projet moderne, d'une des lignes de fuite (Vinolo, 2018) nous permettant d'en sortir. 2.Voir ou écrire : les chemins de la perception La théorie de la perception intellectuelle développée des les Regulae impose un basculement du pôle de la connaissance (Marion, 2000 : 25), dont les conséquences sont profondes.

İşletmelerin başarılı olabilmeleri için gereken en önemli faktörün insan kaynağı olduğu düşünüldüğünde, kendini geliştirebilen, kariyerinde karşılaşacağı engellerle başa çıkabilen, değişimlere uyum sağlayabilen, belirsizliklerle başa çıkabilen ve geleceğe ilişkin olumlu bakış açısına sahip potansiyel çalışanları çekebilmek, işverenler açısından oldukça önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Çalışmada, kariyer geleceği algılamalarının, işveren çekiciliği algısına etkisini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, 361 katılımcıya anket uygulanmıştır. Kariyer geleceği algısının ölçümünde Rottinghaus vd. (2005) tarafından oluşturulan \"kariyer geleceği ölçeği\"nden, işveren çekiciliği algısının ölçümünde ise Berthon vd. (2005) tarafından oluşturulan \"işveren çekiciliği ölçeği\"nden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre kariyer geleceği algısının, işveren çekiciliğinin özellikle gelişim değeri, sosyal değer ve fayda değerini pozitif yönde etkilediği, ekonomik değeri ise negatif yönde etkilediği ortaya konmuştur. Aynı zamanda cinsiyet, kuşak, çalışma durumu ve öğrenim durumuna göre kariyer geleceği algılamaları ve işveren çekiciliği algılamalarında farklılıklar olduğu saptanmıştır.

In 1996, the Los Angeles Bus Riders Union, a grassroots advocacy organization, won a historic legal victory against the city’s Metropolitan Transit Authority. The resulting consent decree forced the MTA for a period of ten years to essentially reorient the mass transit system to better serve the city’s poorest residents. A stunning reversal of conventional governance and planning in urban America, which almost always favors wealthier residents, this decision is also, for renowned urban theorist Edward W. Soja, a concrete example of spatial justice in action.In Seeking Spatial Justice , Soja argues that justice has a geography and that the equitable distribution of resources, services, and access is a basic human right. Building on current concerns in critical geography and the new spatial consciousness, Soja interweaves theory and practice, offering new ways of understanding and changing the unjust geographies in which we live. After tracing the evolution of spatial justice and the closely related notion of the right to the city in the influential work of Henri Lefebvre, David Harvey, and others, he demonstrates how these ideas are now being applied through a series of case studies in Los Angeles, the city at the forefront of this movement. Soja focuses on such innovative labor–community coalitions as Justice for Janitors, the Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy, and the Right to the City Alliance; on struggles for rent control and environmental justice; and on the role that faculty and students in the UCLA Department of Urban Planning have played in both developing the theory of spatial justice and putting it into practice.Effectively locating spatial justice as a theoretical concept, a mode of empirical analysis, and a strategy for social and political action, this book makes a significant contribution to the contemporary debates about justice, space, and the city.