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534
نتائج ل
"Tulips"
صنف حسب:
Genetic Diversity of Potyviruses Associated with Tulip Breaking Syndrome
Tulip breaking is economically the most important viral disease of modern-day tulip growing. It is characterized by irregular flame and feather-like patterns in the flowers and mosaic on the foliage. Thirty-two leaf samples were collected from cultivated tulip plants showing tulip breaking syndrome from Hungary in 2017 and 2018. Virus identification was performed by serological (ELISA) and molecular (RT-PCR) methods. All samples proved to be infected with a potyvirus and evidence was provided that three potyvirus species could be identified in the samples: Lily mottle virus (LMoV), Tulip breaking virus (TBV) and Rembrandt tulip-breaking virus (ReTBV). Recombination prediction accomplished with Recombination Detection Program (RDP) v4.98 revealed potential intraspecies recombination in the case of TBV and LMoV. Phylogenetic analyses of the coat protein (CP) regions proved the monophyletic origin of these viruses and verified them as three different species according to current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) species demarcation criteria. Based on these results, we analyzed taxonomic relations concerning potyviruses associated with tulip breaking syndrome. We propose the elevation of ReTBV to species level, and emergence of two new subgroups in ReTBV.
Journal Article
Impact of different strains of Bacillus spp. on the bulb production of Tulipa sintenisii Baker
As an ornamental plant,
Tulipa sintenisii
(Muş tulip) has great potential for potting and cut- flowers in floriculture. However, its low number of bulb production per plant is a major constraint to it becoming one of the common cultivated tulip species. This study was conducted to determine the impacts of 10
Bacillus
species on bulb number increase as well as other plant parameters of
T. sintenisii
in the Mus province of Turkey in the 2020/2021 growing season. Selected, equally sized
T. sintenisii
bulbs were soaked with
Bacillus
spp. solution (3.4 × 107 CFU/cm
3
) for 2 s, and the inoculated bulbs were planted in the experimental field in autumn. The experiment was organized in a completely randomized block design with six replications. The investigated bulb parameters were taken at their physiological maturity. The tulip bulbs treated with
Bacillus
spp. had higher plant height (28.6 cm), bulb number/plant (2.25), total bulb weight (14.7 g), central bulb weight (13.1 g), central bulb length (40.9 mm), and central bulb diameter (26.8 mm) than the control treatment. The
Bacillus
strain EZF13 had the highest bulb number while EZF104 had the highest total bulb weight, central bulb weight, central bulb length, and central bulb diameter. These findings suggest that
Bacillus
treatment has great potential to increase bulb number per plant as well as other bulb parameters of native tulip species
T. sintenisii
. At the same time, an environmentally friendly production model was put forward without fertilizer application with bacteria application in tulips. At the same time, since the application of bacteria increases the usefulness of plant nutrients in the soil, it can be effective in reducing both the costs and the negative effects of fertilizers on the environment with less fertilizer use.
Journal Article
From bulb to tulip
How do onion-shaped tulip bulbs become the beautiful blooms in your garden? Follow each step--from planting the bulbs to caring for the flowers--in this fascinating book! Start to Finish titles help readers examine how things are made and teach students sequential thinking skills and vocabulary
Book
Differential growth and flowering capacity of tulip bulbs and the potential involvement of PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE-BINDING PROTEINS (PEBPs)
Background
Tulipa gesneriana
reproduces vegetatively by the development of bulb clusters from axillary meristems in the scales of a mother bulb. While part of the daughter bulbs in a cluster develop into large, flowering bulbs, others stay small and vegetative under the same environmental conditions. This study aims to investigate how these different developmental fates are orchestrated.
Results
RNA-seq analysis revealed that the overall transcriptomic landscape of the two types of daughter bulbs does not differ substantially, but follows a similar trajectory over time. Nonetheless, the expression levels of genes related to proliferation already differ at early development stages. Surprisingly, at a later stage, transcriptomic changes related to flower induction are detectable in flowering as well as non-flowering bulbs, with some quantitative differences. However, genes linked with floral organ development are differentially expressed, as well as negative regulators of flowering and more basal metabolic processes. In search for the molecular determinants of daughter bulb size and developmental fate, we investigated members of the
PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE-BINDING PROTEIN (PEBP)
gene family as candidates. Tulip
FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (TgFT1), TgFT2,
and
TgFT3
are expressed in leaves and leaf-like organs of the mother plant, and their encoded proteins interact with the TCP transcription factor TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TgTB1). Therefore, we suggest that these three genes act as ‘bulbigens’, meaning regulators of axillary meristem outgrowth and hence, daughter bulb size. Furthermore, we found that
TgFT2
and
TgFT4
could constitute the main florigens in tulips, because of their expression pattern and the binding of their encoding proteins to the bZIP transcription factor FD (TgFD). Moreover, Arabidopsis lines ectopically expressing
TgFT2
or
TgFT4
flower significantly earlier than the wild type.
Conclusions
Differences in the developmental fate of tulip daughter bulbs are established early during development and are linked with differences in cell division and metabolism. The activity of members of the PEBP family, known for their role in flowering and storage organ formation in geophytes, appeared to be associated with the transcriptional switches observed during daughter bulb development. This points towards a functional role of these proteins in governing developmental trajectories underlying the mode of reproduction.
Journal Article
Tulips : beautiful varieties for home and garden
Jane Eastoe's passion for gardening and Rachel Werne's spectacular photography combine to showcase these gorgeous bulbs and show that anyone can grow and enjoy tulips at home. Tulips have more than 3,000 variations and their diverse textures mean that they can work anywhere, from vases to garden plots, from romantic bouquets to wedding boutonnieres. Along with the fascinating history of the flowers, Tulips details more than 50 of the most beautiful varieties, detailing when they bloom, their size, and, of course, what they'll look like. From the raspberry swirl of Zurel and the petticoat-like frills of Weber's Parrot, to the crystal rim of the Mascotte and the flaming petals of the Fabio tulip, you'll discover a stunning range of specimens to grow, including historical and contemporary varieties. With engaging commentary on each bloom, easy-to-follow advice and glorious photography, this book will appeal to everyone who appreciates the majesty of the tulip.
Book
The TgWRKY24 transcription factor is involved in releasing seed dormancy by responding to abscisic acid signals in Tulipa thianschanica
Background
Tulipa L
., a prominent bulbous flower of the Liliaceae family, exhibits profound dormancy traits in its seeds, which significantly constrains its breeding potential. While cold temperature and hormone treatments have been shown to effectively alleviate this dormancy, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.
Result
The transcription factor
TgWRKY24
, a member of the WRKY family, was identified in
T. thianschanica
seeds, and its functionality was validated.
TgWRKY24
subcellularly localizes to the nucleus, and its expression is inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). The germination of
T. thianschanica
seeds affected the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system targeting
TgWRKY24
, resulting in increased ABA content. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays demonstrated the interaction between TgWRKY24 and TgCYP707.
TgWRKY24
facilitates seed germination by transcriptionally activating
TgCYP707
, leading to a reduction in endogenous ABA levels.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that
TgWRKY24
plays a modulatory role in regulating ABA during seed germination. These findings are important for exploring the molecular mechanism involved in breaking the dormancy of tulip seeds and enriching the germplasm resources of tulips.
Journal Article
The genus tulipa : tulips of the world
'The Genus Tulipa' is a complete survey of tulip species to date. Each species is illustrated by a botanical painting by artist and author Diana Everett, with accompanying colour photographs of the plants in habitat and distribution maps.
Book
Chitosan and copper nanoparticles in vase solutions elevate the quality and longevity of cut tulips, setting a new standard for sustainability in floriculture
Nanoparticles present innovative solutions for postharvest applications, allowing for the development of compounds that effectively extend the vase life of cut flowers by reducing ethylene production and preventing bacterial growth. As a leading choice among cut flowers, Tulips encounter common issues such as neck bending and a limited display life, which can severely impact their marketability. This experiment aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nano chitosan (CHS-NPs) at 3.5 and 7.0 mg L
− 1
, nano copper (Cu-NPs) at 15 and 30 mg L
− 1
, and
Cymbopogon flexuosus
essential oil (LG) at 150 and 300 mg L
− 1
as innovative, eco-friendly solutions for improving the quality and extending the vase life of cut tulip flowers. The findings reveal that CHS-NPs and Cu-NPs significantly prolong the vase life of cut tulip flowers, with optimal concentrations determined to be 30 mg L
− 1
Cu-NPs (15.56 and 16.33 days) and 7.5 mg L
− 1
CHS-NPs (13.01 and 14.00 days), respectively. The greatest RFW% was 110.97 and 112.30% on day 7 in both seasons of cut tulip flowers treated with 30 mg L
− 1
Cu-NPs. These treatments enhance water uptake and relative fresh weight (RFW%), effectively inhibit microbial growth at the stem base, and prevent bacterial blockages in the xylem for up to seven days. Moreover, they substantially increase chlorophyll levels, total soluble carbohydrates, and proteins while decreasing hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) production, thereby enhancing membrane stability. At the same time, the highest SOD and CAT activity were 1.77 and 1.92 Units mg
− 1
protein and 2.82 and 2.98 Units mg
− 1
protein with the 30 mg L
− 1
Cu-NPs in the first and second seasons, respectively. In conclusion, CHS-NPs at 7.5 mg L
− 1
and Cu-NPs at 30 mg L
− 1
significantly enhance the vase life of cut tulips by improving water balance and antioxidant activity, with Cu-NPs demonstrating better effectiveness. Adopting Cu-NPs at the recommended concentration should be prioritized in the tulip floral industry.
Journal Article